0145 Pre-Sleep Cognitive Arousal Decreases Following a 4-Week Introductory Mindfulness Course

Abstract Introduction Mindfulness-based training has shown potential in reducing anxious and ruminative thoughts before sleep, and improving sleep quality. However, traditional 8-week programs have limited acceptability and uptake. In this study, we aimed to test the effects of a short introductory mindfulness training course on pre-sleep arousal and sleep quality. Methods Enrollees in a 4-week Mindfulness Foundation Course were invited to participate in the study and were allocated to one of two groups: intervention (N = 57) and waitlist control (N = 39). 101 participants enrolled in the experiment and 96 completed the protocol (mean(sd) age = 49.5(1.5), 56 female). Participants completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Inventory (PSQI) and the pre-sleep arousal scale (PSAS), and were monitored by actigraphy for a week at baseline and post-intervention. To test the effect of the intervention, outcome variables were subjected to repeated-measures ANCOVA with group as a between-subject variable, and age, gender, and years of education as covariates using intent-to-treat analysis. Results PSQI scores improved across both groups (treatment: t56=4.25, p<.001, mean(sd) = 6.93(3.25)); waitlist: t38=3.27, p=.002, mean(sd) = 7.15(3.55)); however, there was no significant interaction between group and time. There was a significant group by time interaction in the cognitive arousal subscale of the PSAS (F1,90=4.71, p=.03), Post-hoc tests revealed a significant decrease in the treatment but not the waitlist group (treatment: t50=3.17, p=.001; waitlist: t30=0.20, p=.84). The decrease in cognitive arousal correlated with the decrease in PSQI scores in the treatment group only (r =.3, p=.007). Finally, a statistically significant interaction favoring the treatment group was also observed in actigraphically measured WASO (F1,82=6.18, p=0.015). Conclusion The study suggests that a 4-week introductory mindfulness course has moderate effects on reducing cognitive arousal prior to sleep, and that these effects are correlated with improvements in subjective sleep quality. Support This study was funded from a STaR investigator grant (NMRC/STaR/0015/2013) and the National Research Foundation (Singapore) Science of Learning Grant (NRF2016-SOL002-001).

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0824 Improving Subjective Sleep Quality Measures Through Mindfulness Training in the Elderly: Preliminary Data from the Mindfulness Sleep Therapy (MIST) Study

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.820 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A314-A314

Author(s):

F Perini ◽

K Foong Wong ◽

J Teng ◽

Z Hassirim ◽

J Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Quality Measures ◽

The Elderly ◽

Behavioural Intervention ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Significant Group ◽

Subjective Sleep

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep is a modifiable risk factor for multiple chronic disorders. Mindfulness-based therapies potentially improve sleep by enhancing awareness and acceptance of internal and external experiences, thus reducing pre-sleep hyper-arousal. In this pre-registered, randomized controlled trial, we tested the effect of mindfulness-based treatment for insomnia (MBTI) on subjective sleep quality measures (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, PSQI) in the elderly. Methods Participants above 50 years old with sleep difficulties (PSQI ≥ 5) (mean (sd) age = 62.0 (6.35), 44 female) attended either an 8-week MBTI (N = 34) or sleep hygiene education and exercise program (SHEEP; N = 35). Before and after the interventions, we collected PSQI, insomnia symptoms and features measures (Pre-Sleep Arousal Scale, PSAS; Insomnia Severity Index, ISI; Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep, DBAS-30), mindfulness (Five-Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, FFMQ), and mood and anxiety (Back Depression Inventory, BDI; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI). PSQI and PSAS (N = 26 to date) were collected at 6-month follow-up. Data were analysed with repeated-measures ANCOVA with group as a between-subject variable for the first 69 participants who completed the study. Results We observed significant improvement across both groups for sleep measures (PSQI: F1,67=36.442, p<.01; PSAS-Cognitive: F1,67=12.664, p<.01; ISI: F1,67=36.442, p<.0; DBAS: F1,67=28.749, p<.01) and mood (BDI: F1,67=26.393, p<.01; STAI-State: F1,67=4.608, p=.04; STAI-Trait: F1,67=7.687, p<.01), but not for Mindfulness (F1,67=2.256, p=.14) nor PSAS-somatic. No significant group by time interactions were found. We observed a correlation between PSQI decreases and FFMQ increases in MBTI (r=-.53, p<.01), but not in SHEEP (r=-.07, p=.70) participants. ANCOVA of 6-month PSQI data revealed a significant group by time interaction (F1,24=19.525, p=.03), with reduction from baseline in MBTI (t12=4.769, p<.01), but not in SHEEP group (t12=3.813, p=.08). Conclusion Preliminary results support MBTI as an accessible but effective behavioural intervention with potential long-term benefits for improving sleep and mood, and reducing cognitive-emotional arousal in the elderly. Support This study was supported by an award from the 7th grant call of the Singapore Millennium Foundation Research Grant Programme

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Mobile App Use for Insomnia Self-Management in Urban Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults: Retrospective Intervention Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.17755 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kyungmi Chung ◽

Seoyoung Kim ◽

Eun Lee ◽

Jin Young Park

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Mobile App ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Intervention Period ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Self Help

BACKGROUND As an evidence-based psychotherapy for treating insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), which helps people with sleep problems to change their unhelpful sleep-related beliefs and habits, has been well-established in older adults. Recently, the utilization of mobile CBT-I apps has been getting attention from mental health professionals and researchers; however, whether mobile CBT-I apps are usable among older users has yet to be determined. OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to explore the relationships between subjective sleep quality and subjective memory complaints and depressive symptoms; to explore the relationship between perceived difficulty in mobile app use and usability of the mobile phone–based self-help CBT-I app, named MIND MORE, in urban community-dwelling Korean older adults; to compare changes in subjective sleep quality from pre-intervention to post-intervention, during which they used the mobile app over a 1-week intervention period; and evaluate adherence to the app. METHODS During the 2-hour training program delivered on 1 day titled “Overcoming insomnia without medication: How to use the ‘MIND MORE’ mobile app for systematic self-management of insomnia” (pre-intervention), 41 attendants were asked to gain hands-on experience with the app facilitated by therapists and volunteer workers. They were then asked to complete questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, subjective evaluation of mental health status (ie, depression, memory loss and impairment, and sleep problems), and app usability. For the 1-week home-based self-help CBT-I using the app (post-intervention), 9 of the 41 program attendants, who had already signed up for the pre-intervention, were guided to complete the given questionnaires on subjective evaluation of sleep quality after the 1-week intervention, specifically 8 days after the training program ended. RESULTS Due to missing data, 40 of 41 attendants were included in the data analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, poor subjective sleep quality was associated with higher ratings of depressive symptoms (40/40; ρ=.60, P<.001) and memory complaints (40/40; ρ=.46, P=.003) at baseline. Second, significant improvements in subjective sleep quality from pre-intervention to post-intervention were observed in the older adults who used the MIND MORE app only for the 1-week intervention period (9/9; t8=3.74, P=.006). Third, apart from the program attendants who did not have a smartphone (2/40) or withdrew from their MIND MORE membership (3/40), those who attended the 1-day sleep education program adhered to the app from at least 2 weeks (13/35, 37%) to 8 weeks (2/35, 6%) without any further contact. CONCLUSIONS This study provides empirical evidence that the newly developed MIND MORE app not only is usable among older users but also could improve subjective sleep quality after a 1-week self-help intervention period.

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Contextual Condition and Sightsinging Achievement of Middle School Choral Students

Journal of Research in Music Education ◽

10.2307/3345700 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 203-216 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Keitha V. Lucas

Keyword(s):

Middle School ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Context ◽

Four Levels ◽

Harmonic Context ◽

Main Effects

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of harmonic context on the sightsinging skill of middle school choral music students. A nonrandomized control-group pretest-posttest design with one between-group (treatment method) and two within-group (trial and test context) factors was used. The treatment method used three harmonic contexts: (a) melody only, (b) piano harmony, and (c) vocal harmony. The trial condition had two levels (pretest and posttest), and the test context condition had four levels: (a) melody-only, (b) piano-harmony, (c) vocal harmony/upper with the melody in the higher of two voices, and (d) vocal harmony/lower with the melody in the lower of two voices. A repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant differences for the test context and trial main effects and for the trial by treatment group interaction; subjects obtained the highest sightsinging scores when tested in a melody-only context. Because of the significant interaction between trial and treatment group, one-way ANOVAs were used to test for simple main effects in both trial conditions (pretest and posttest). Although no significant differences were detected in the pretest ANOVA, the posttest ANOVA revealed significant differences among treatment groups. Post hoc analysis indicated that subjects in the melody-only treatment group showed more improvement in sightsinging skill than did subjects in the vocal-harmony treatment group. No difference was revealed, however, between the melody-only treatment group and the piano-harmony treatment group.

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Mobile App Use for Insomnia Self-Management in Urban Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults: Retrospective Intervention Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/17755 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (8) ◽

pp. e17755

Author(s):

Kyungmi Chung ◽

Seoyoung Kim ◽

Eun Lee ◽

Jin Young Park

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Mobile App ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Intervention Period ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Subjective Sleep ◽

Self Help

Background As an evidence-based psychotherapy for treating insomnia, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), which helps people with sleep problems to change their unhelpful sleep-related beliefs and habits, has been well-established in older adults. Recently, the utilization of mobile CBT-I apps has been getting attention from mental health professionals and researchers; however, whether mobile CBT-I apps are usable among older users has yet to be determined. Objective The aims of this study were to explore the relationships between subjective sleep quality and subjective memory complaints and depressive symptoms; to explore the relationship between perceived difficulty in mobile app use and usability of the mobile phone–based self-help CBT-I app, named MIND MORE, in urban community-dwelling Korean older adults; to compare changes in subjective sleep quality from pre-intervention to post-intervention, during which they used the mobile app over a 1-week intervention period; and evaluate adherence to the app. Methods During the 2-hour training program delivered on 1 day titled “Overcoming insomnia without medication: How to use the ‘MIND MORE’ mobile app for systematic self-management of insomnia” (pre-intervention), 41 attendants were asked to gain hands-on experience with the app facilitated by therapists and volunteer workers. They were then asked to complete questionnaires on sociodemographic characteristics, subjective evaluation of mental health status (ie, depression, memory loss and impairment, and sleep problems), and app usability. For the 1-week home-based self-help CBT-I using the app (post-intervention), 9 of the 41 program attendants, who had already signed up for the pre-intervention, were guided to complete the given questionnaires on subjective evaluation of sleep quality after the 1-week intervention, specifically 8 days after the training program ended. Results Due to missing data, 40 of 41 attendants were included in the data analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows. First, poor subjective sleep quality was associated with higher ratings of depressive symptoms (40/40; ρ=.60, P<.001) and memory complaints (40/40; ρ=.46, P=.003) at baseline. Second, significant improvements in subjective sleep quality from pre-intervention to post-intervention were observed in the older adults who used the MIND MORE app only for the 1-week intervention period (9/9; t8=3.74, P=.006). Third, apart from the program attendants who did not have a smartphone (2/40) or withdrew from their MIND MORE membership (3/40), those who attended the 1-day sleep education program adhered to the app from at least 2 weeks (13/35, 37%) to 8 weeks (2/35, 6%) without any further contact. Conclusions This study provides empirical evidence that the newly developed MIND MORE app not only is usable among older users but also could improve subjective sleep quality after a 1-week self-help intervention period.

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The Effects of Aromatherapy Massage on Sleep Quality of Nurses on Monthly Rotating Night Shifts

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/3861273 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ying-Ying Chang ◽

Chao-Ling Lin ◽

Li-Yin Chang

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Medical Center ◽

Night Shift ◽

Control Group ◽

Quality Information ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Central Taiwan ◽

Night Shifts

The goal of this study is to examine the effects of aromatherapy massage on sleep quality of nurses with monthly rotating night shifts. Subjects were enrolled at a medical center in central Taiwan with overall score ≥ 5 of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and randomly assigned to the treatment or control groups. They were validated by pretests during their first graveyard shift in the trial period and the sleep quality information was collected by using the PSQI and sleep detectors. During the second graveyard shift, the treatment group received aromatherapy massage and the control group rested in the same aromatherapy room after work. All subjects filled out the PSQI surveys and the sleep quality information was collected during massage or resting and the following night. We found that the total PSQI was significantly decreased in the treatment group following the aromatherapy massage. Specifically, the components such as subjective sleep quality, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction were significantly decreased. However, there were no significant changes of average PSQI scores between the two groups before and after intervention. Taken together, our study suggested that aromatherapy massage could improve sleep quality of nurses with monthly rotating night shift.

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Effectiveness of a Multicomponent Group Treatment for Insomnia

Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy ◽

10.1017/s1352465800014375 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 109-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Elisabeth Schramm ◽

Fritz Hohagen ◽

Jutta Backhaus ◽

Stefanie Lis ◽

Mathias Berger

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Group Treatment ◽

Psychological Treatment ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Sleep Diary ◽

Management Problem ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Significant Treatment ◽

Problem Solving Skills

The present study evaluates a multifaceted cognitive-behavioral group treatment in a routine clinical setting. The program consists of directly sleep related strategies such as sleep education, sleep restriction, stimulus control, relaxation, and cognitive restructuring. Also included are techniques that target illness maintaining factors such as stress-management, problem solving skills, and increase of activities. Twenty-eight physician-referred outpatients with chronic primary insomnia according to DSM-III-R criteria attended 11 weekly therapy-sessions. Results were obtained on a subjective and objective level using a sleep diary, questionnaires, and polysomnography, respectively. Pre- and post-treatment comparisons indicated significant changes on all main sleep diary variables, i.e. total sleep time, sleep efficiency, number of awakenings, sleep onset latency and wake after sleep onset, as well as for the global subjective sleep quality. Maximum improvement was reached after the more directly sleep-related part of the program. In addition, the intervention helped patients to reduce the amount and frequency of sleeping aids over time and improved their daytime-functioning. Subjective therapeutic gains were maintained at 3- and 12-month follow-ups. No significant treatment effects could be obtained on polysomnographic measures, taking into account that the baseline values were already in the normative range. After the intervention the patients were able to give a more realistic evaluation of their sleep. These results suggest that a multicomponent psychological treatment is beneficial for the improvement of sleep quality on a subjective level.

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Aerobic Exercise and Stretching as Add-On to Inpatient Treatment for Depression Have No Differential Effects on Stress-Axis Activity, Serum-BDNF, TNF-Alpha and Objective Sleep Measures

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11040411 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 411

Author(s):

Christian Imboden ◽

Markus Gerber ◽

Johannes Beck ◽

Anne Eckert ◽

Imane Lejri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Active Control ◽

Inpatient Treatment ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Stress Axis ◽

Tnf Alpha ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Differential Effects

(1) Background: While the antidepressant effects of aerobic exercise (AE) are well documented, fewer studies have examined impact of AE as an add-on treatment. Moreover, various effects on neurobiological variables have been suggested. This study examines effects of AE on Cortisol Awakening Reaction (CAR), serum Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (sBDNF), Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and sleep. (2) Methods: Inpatients with moderate-to-severe depression (N = 43) were randomly assigned to the AE or stretching condition (active control) taking place 3x/week for 6 weeks. CAR, sBDNF and TNF-alpha were assessed at baseline, after 2 weeks and post-intervention. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17), subjective sleep quality measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and polysomnography (PSG) were obtained at baseline and post-intervention. (3) Results: Stress axis activity decreased in both groups from baseline to post-intervention. sBDNF showed a significant increase over time, whereas the number of awakenings significantly decreased. No significant time by group interactions were detected for any of the study variables. Correlational analyses showed that higher improvements in maximum oxygen capacity (VO2max) from baseline to post-intervention were associated with reduced scores on the HDRS17, PSQI and REM-latency post-intervention. (4) Conclusions: While some neurobiological variables improved during inpatient treatment (CAR, sBDNF), no evidence was found for differential effects between AE and an active control condition (stretching). However, patients in which cardiorespiratory fitness increased showed higher improvements in depression severity and depression-related sleep-parameters.

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EFFECTIVENESS OF AURICULOACUPUNCTURE ON THE SLEEP QUALITY OF WORKING NURSING PROFESSIONALS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/1980-265x-tce-2020-0392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

Author(s):

Geórgia Alcântara Alencar Melo ◽

José Cláudio Garcia Lira Neto ◽

Renan Alves Silva ◽

Marina Guerra Martins ◽

Francisco Gilberto Fernandes Pereira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Quality Index ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality ◽

Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Student’S T ◽

Nursing Professionals

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of auriculoacupuncture in improving the sleep quality of nursing professionals in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: quasi-experimental before and after study, without a control or matching group performed from May to July 2020, in a referral hospital for infectious diseases in Ceará. The sample consisted of 26 nursing professionals, including nurses and technicians, who performed three sessions of auriculoacupuncture, once a week, for four weeks. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index. The effects of the intervention were analyzed by the student's “t” test to compare means between the first and last application, one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and post-hoc Sidak´s test. Results: regarding the components of the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index, significant differences were observed between the individuals in the components: subjective sleep quality (p=0.001); sleep latency (p<0.001), sleep duration (p<0.001), habitual sleep efficiency (p=0.011), sleep disorders (p<0.001), sleeping medications (p=0.005) and excessive daytime sleep sleepiness (p<0.001). The overall sleep index also changed significantly (p<0.001). The intervention reduced the sleep quality index score by 52.35%. Conclusion: the changes that occurred were able to change the category in sleep classification through a detailed decrease in the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index scores. Significant differences were observed between the first and final moments in the global index and in all components.

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Effects of a Brief Behavioral Training Program on Sleep Quality in Older Adults With Moderate Sleep Disturbances

International Electronic Journal of Medicine ◽

10.34172/iejm.2020.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Maryam Eshghizadeh ◽

Mahboubeh Esmaeili ◽

Shahnaz Ahrari

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Training Program ◽

Sleep Disturbances ◽

Adult Population ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Behavioral Training ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Subjective Sleep Quality

Background: Sleep disturbances are very common among elderly population and mostly remain incurable. Practical, brief, and effective interventions are needed to promote sleep quality in older adults with moderate sleep disturbances. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a brief behavioral training program in ameliorating sleep quality in older adults suffering from moderate sleep disturbances. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 64 older adults with moderate sleep disturbances, as defined by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score ≥5. Participants were randomly allocated to either intervention (n=32) or control (n=32) group. Older adults in the intervention group received a brief behavioral-based sleep training program which was delivered in a single in-person session followed by four telephone sessions during 4 weeks. While their peers in the control group did not receive any intervention. The main outcome of the study was scores on the PSQI which was compared at pre- and post-intervention between both groups. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 19.0. Results: At 4 weeks, PSQI scores decreased in older adults receiving intervention, as compared with the scores of participants to the control group (P<0.001). Subjects in the intervention group also showed significant improvements in sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency (P<0.05). Conclusion: Brief behavioral interventions may be promising and useful for older adult population with moderate problems, and can be considered an efficacious and non-invasive intervention approach to improve elderly’s sleep quality.

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311 Can a Brief Sleep Education Training Improve Sleep Quality Among Shipboard Sailors?

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.310 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A124-A124

Author(s):

Elizabeth Harrison ◽

Emily Schmied ◽

Vanessa Perez ◽

Suzanne Hurtado ◽

Gena Glickman

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Education Program ◽

Military Service ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Future Research ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Significant Group ◽

Sleep Education ◽

Time Interaction ◽

Study Results

Abstract Introduction Sleep disturbance is pervasive among active duty military service members (ADSM) and has serious adverse effects on performance and health. Interventions designed to improve sleep in operational settings are critical to maintain the health and readiness of this at-risk population. The objective of this study is to evaluate a novel sleep education program developed for ADSM. Methods Participants were U.S. Sailors (N=150; 82.7% male, 35.3% <25 years old) assigned to either an intervention (44.7%) or control (55.3%) condition. Intervention participants attended the Circadian, Light, and Sleep Skills program for military personnel (“CLASS-M”). The 30-minute education program was designed to teach ADSM how to maximize sleep quality in operational environments. All participants completed a questionnaire at both baseline and 2 months post-intervention assessing demographics, sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI), sleep-related behaviors, knowledge and motivation. During the follow-up period, participants went underway for 2–8 weeks. Results At baseline, scores were comparable for the PSQI (Control: 8.58±0.35 vs. Intervention: 8.58±0.38), sleep behaviors (12.26±0.35 vs. 11.32±0.38; Range: 0–17), sleep-related knowledge (0.48±0.21 vs. 0.50±0.24; Range: 0–1), and sleep motivation (4.12±0.35 vs. 4.07±0.34; Range: 0–5). A significant group x time interaction indicating benefits for the intervention group were observed on PSQI (F (1,139) = 7.99, p=0.005), knowledge (F (1,139) = 36.54, p<0.001), and behaviors (F (1,139) = 4.75, p=0.03), but not motivation (p>.05). Main effects of group were observed (p<0.05) on PSQI and sleep knowledge only. Conclusion Study results indicate that participation in a brief, educational program prior to deploying may improve ADSM’s sleep quality. Future research is needed to explore mechanisms of intervention effect, and to determine best practices for disseminating such programs force-wide. Support (if any) This work was supported by Defense Health Program 6.7 under work unit no. N1634. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, nor the U.S. Government.

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