Discrimination and Sleep among Asians and Pacific Islanders Adults

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Townsend Ogbenna ◽  
Soomin Ryu ◽  
Sunmin Lee ◽  
Natalie Slopen
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pacific Islanders ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Sleep Difficulty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Discrimination

Abstract Study Objectives To examine the association between discrimination and sleep duration and difficulty among Asians and Pacific Islanders (APIs) in the United States, and to test nativity and ethnic identity (EI) as effect modifiers. Methods This cross-sectional study of 1,765 adults from the National Epidemiology Study of Alcohol and Related Conditions III, assessed discrimination using the Experiences of Discrimination scale. Discrimimation was classified as low, moderate, and high. Regression models were used to examine self-reported sleep duration and difficulty. Results In bivariate analyses, individuals with high discrimination had the shortest sleep and reported sleep difficulty most often. Using linear models adjusted for sociodemographic and health characteristics, moderate and high discrimination were associated with 9 minutes (standard error [SE]: 4.8, p <0.10) and 14.4 minutes (SE: 6.0, p <0.05) less sleep, respectively, relative to low discrimination. Individuals with moderate and high discrimination had higher prevalence of sleep difficulty compared to those with low discrimination (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.51, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.14-1.99 and PR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.33-2.24, respectively). Interaction effect was observed in sleep difficulty by nativity and EI, but not duration. The association between discrimination and sleep difficulty was stronger among US-born relative to foreign-born participants. Among participants with low EI, moderate and high discrimination were associated with sleep difficulty, whereas among those with high EI, only high discrimination displayed this association. Conclusions Discrimination is associated with sleep duration and difficulty, and varies by nativity and EI. Research is needed to improve sleep among APIs that experience discrimination.[

Hepatitis B Prevalence and Risk Factors in a Foreign-Born Asian and Pacific Islander Population at a Community Health Center in Hawai‘i

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 727-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aileen Ferrer ◽  
Alan R. Katz ◽  
Eric L. Hurwitz ◽  
Thaddeus Pham
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Health Center ◽  
Community Health Center ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asian And Pacific Islander ◽  
Hbsag Seropositivity

Hawai‘i has one of the highest rates of liver cancer in the United States. This is in large part due to undiagnosed chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection among foreign-born Asian and Pacific Islanders (APIs). In order to estimate the prevalence of CHB infection among foreign-born APIs in Hawai‘i, the Hawai‘i State Department of Health conducted a cross-sectional study from August 2013 through August 2015 of patients of a federally qualified health center serving the largest population of medically underserved APIs in the state. Among 1261 patients surveyed, the prevalence of CHB infection (based on HBsAg seropositivity) was 5.6% (71/1259). No significant differences were detected by place of birth, age, or gender; however, the adjusted prevalence ratio of CHB infection was 6.0 times higher among persons reporting household contact with hepatitis B virus compared with those without such contact. Our findings underscore the need for targeted screening of at-risk individuals and their household contacts.

scholarly journals Use of public transport associated with colds in the capital of Peru: A cross-sectional study

Medwave ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. e8486-e8486
Author(s):  
Louigi S. Sachun-Silva ◽  
Christian R. Mejía
Keyword(s):  
Common Cold ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction Confined and crowded environments, such as public transport, can act as hot spots for spreading infectious diseases. Of these, common acute respiratory infections of easy contagion are of great interest. Objectives To establish the association between the use of ground public transport and the acquisition of common cold in Lima, Peru. Methods Analytical cross-sectional study. It was carried out through secondary data analysis from a primary study conducted at the Faculty of Medicine of the Ricardo Palma University in Lima, Peru. The dependent variable was the acquisition of common colds, and the independent variable was the use of public transportation (bus, metropolitan, bus corridor, collective cab, non-collective cab, and other means). The covariates of interests were age, sex, and socioeconomic level time and frequency of exposure. Generalized linear models were performed to estimate prevalence ratios (PR), using the Poisson family, log link and robust models. Results Of the 591 respondents, 53% were female, the median age was 20 years, and 90.3% belonged to the middle class. Most traveled by bus (72.4%), and in the last three months the median number of colds was one. We found a difference in the number of colds according to the age of the respondents (P = 0.019). Having a common cold was associated with traveling more days per week in public transport (adjusted prevalence ratio: 1.04; 95% confidence interval: 1.03 to 1.05; p value < 0.001), spending more minutes per day traveling to work (1.0025; 1.0023 to 1.0027; p value < 0.001), more minutes per day returning home (1.0022; 1.0015 to 1.0030; p value < 0.001), more use of the subway or metro (1.37; 1.29 to 1.46; p value < 0.001), or using the municipal bus corridor (1.22; 1.01 to 1.47; p value = 0.036). Conclusions The use of public ground transportation is associated with the acquisition of the common cold. Confined spaces and poor ventilation are essential factors to consider.

scholarly journals 0846 Reports of Sleep Symptoms in Young Adults of College Age

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A322-A322
Author(s):  
S Thatipelli ◽  
A A Abbasi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
College Age ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Restorative Sleep

Abstract Introduction Young adults of college age in the United States often report inadequate sleep. The objectives of this study were to identify a) how often young adults of college age report symptoms of insomnia, fatigue and mood disorder and b) identify differences in symptom reporting based on their sleep duration. Methods This is a cross-sectional study, using data from 2013 through 2018 of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). 11,028 subjects, ages 18-22 years, for whom information was available on duration of sleep were included. We analyzed reports of trouble falling sleep, trouble staying sleep, non-restorative sleep, fatigue and symptoms of mood disorder. Subjects were divided into 2 groups: ≤7 hours and &gt; 7 hours of sleep. Data was analyzed using Complex Sample Analysis of IBM SPSS version 26. Results Out of the 11,028 subjects 50.7% were male and 49.3% were female. Mean sleep duration for all subjects was 7.44 ± 0.02 hours (mean± SE). 13.5% subjects reported trouble falling asleep while 10.6% reported trouble staying asleep for ≥4 nights per week. Non-restorative sleep and frequent fatigue were reported by 33.8% and 12.4% respectively. Daily/weekly symptoms of anxiety and depression were reported by 23.9% and 8.6% respectively. There were 48.4% subjects with ≤7 hours and 51.6 % with &gt;7 hours of sleep. When compared to subjects with ≤7 hours to &gt;7 hours of sleep, trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep and non-restorative sleep were reported by 19.9% vs. 7.5%, 14.8% vs. 6.6% and 45.9% vs. 22.4% respectively. Symptoms of fatigue, anxiety and depression reported by subjects with ≤7 hours vs. &gt;7 hours of sleep were: 18.6% vs. 6.6%, 26.9% vs. 21% and 10.2% vs.7% respectively. Conclusion Young adults with ≤ 7 hours of sleep are more likely to report trouble falling sleep, trouble staying sleep, non-restorative sleep, fatigue and symptoms of mood disorder. Support None

scholarly journals Epidemiological Profiles of Foreign-Born and US-Born Hispanic Blood Donors in a Major Metropolitan Area in the United States

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelbert B. James ◽  
Cassandra D. Josephson ◽  
Marta I. Castillejo ◽  
George B. Schreiber ◽  
John D. Roback
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Rates Of Return ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Metropolitan Area ◽  
The Us ◽  
Donated Blood

Background. The explosive growth of Hispanics in the US makes this population a significant and untapped source for blood donation. Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed to evaluate blood donation behaviors and demographics of foreign-born and US-born Hispanic donors between 2006 and 2009 in metropolitan Atlanta, GA, USA. Bivariate analyses and multivariate logistic regression were used to assess factors associated with foreign-born donors. Results. 5,119 foreign-born and 11,841 US-born Hispanics donated blood. Foreign-born Hispanic donors were more likely than US-born donors to be blood group O (57.6% versus 52.0%; P<.001) and more frequent donors (2.2 versus 2.0; P<.001). Cuban-born donors had the highest rates of return donation (63.2%). In contrast, Mexicans, the most prevalent subpopulation among foreign-born Hispanic donors (31.8%), had the lowest rates of return donation (42.0%). Conclusions. The heterogeneity found among Hispanic donors in this study is valuable for the design of recruitment strategies to increase blood donations.

scholarly journals Prescription Antibiotic Use among the US population 1999-2018: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Petersen ◽  
Sara E Cosgrove ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
Eshan Patel ◽  
M Kate Grabowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
National Health ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Poverty Status

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance has been identified as a public health threat both in the United States and globally. The United States published the “National Strategy for Combating Antibiotic Resistance” in 2014, which included goals to reduce inappropriate outpatient antibiotic use. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) years 1999-2018. Weighted prevalence of past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use was calculated, as well as the change in prevalence from 1999-02 to 2015-18 and 2007-10 to 2015-18, both overall and for subgroups. Associations with past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use in 2015-18 were examined using predictive margins calculated by multivariable logistic regression. Results The overall prevalence of past 30-day non-topical outpatient antibiotic use adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, poverty status, time of year of the interview, and insurance status from 1999-2002 to 2015-2018 changed significantly from 4.9% (95% CI 3.9%, 5.0%) to 3.0% (95% CI 2.6%, 3.0%), with the largest decrease among children 0-1 years. From 2007-2010 to 2015-2018, there was no significant change (adjusted Prevalence Ratio [adjPR] 1.0 [95% CI 0.8, 1,2. Age was significantly associated with antibiotic use, with children age 0-1 years having significantly higher antibiotic use than all other age categories &gt;6 years. Being non-Hispanic Black was negatively associated with antibiotic use as compared to being non-Hispanic White (adjPR 0.6 [95% CI 0.4, 0.8]). Conclusions While there were declines in antibiotic use from 1999-02 to 2015-18, there were no observed declines during the last decade.

scholarly journals Cobalt Exposure in Relation to Cardiovascular Disease in the United States General Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqing Zhu ◽  
Shengen Liao ◽  
Xinyi Lu ◽  
Shi Shi ◽  
Dexing Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
General Population ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cubic Spline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cobalt Exposure ◽  
Cubic Spline Curve

Abstract Cobalt exposure has adverse health effects on the cardiovascular system in occupational and laboratory studies, but these effects have not been assessed in the general population. We aimed to determine whether serum cobalt levels had relationship with the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2015–2016), we performed the cross-sectional study. We analyzed the baseline chrematistics of 3,389 participants (1623 men and 1766 women). Generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline plots curve were undertaken to elucidate the relationship. Stratified subgroup analysis was tested to exclude interaction between different variates and cobalt. Our results showed that the adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVD prevalence across the quartiles of cobalt were 0.94 (0.68, 1.30), 1.58 (1.17, 2.13), and 1.84 (1.37, 2.48) compared with lowest quartile. The restricted cubic spline curve also suggested nonlinear and positive association between cobalt and CVD (P for nonlinearity = 0.005). In summary, our cross-sectional results verify that higher cobalt levels are associated with a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Sleep Duration among Older Adults with Self-Reported Diagnosis of Arthritis: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Constance Wiener ◽  
Alcinda K. Trickett Shockey ◽  
Christopher Waters
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
National Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The People

Objective. Sleep is restorative, essential, and beneficial to health. Prevalences of some diseases have been associated with sleep duration. There are few studies in the literature on the relationship of sleep duration and arthritis stratified by sex in older adults. The purpose of this research is to investigate sleep duration among older adults in the United States who have self-reported diagnosis of arthritis. Methods. A cross-sectional study design was used. The data source was the National Health and Nutrition Examination 2009-2010 and 2011-2012. Self-reported diagnosis of arthritis and sleep duration were the variables of interest. Results. There were 4,888 participants, aged 50 years and above, of whom 41.6% self-reported having a diagnosis of arthritis, and 60.6% were female. Of the people who had a self-reported diagnosis of arthritis, 15.2% reported sleeping 2-5 hours as compared with 10.9% of the people who did not have a self-reported diagnosis of arthritis (P=.0004). In bivariate analysis of self-reported diagnosis of arthritis and sleep stratified by sex, there were significantly more people with self-reported diagnosis of arthritis who slept 2-5 hours for both women (P=0.0192) and men (P=0.0231). The overall relationship remained significant in adjusted overall logistic regression comparing for self-reported diagnosis of arthritis for 2-5 hours of sleep (with 6-7 hours of sleep as the reference) (odds ratio: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.08, 1.70; P=0.0103]); however, when the data were stratified by sex, the association failed to reach significance. Conclusion. In this analysis of noninstitutionalized older adults in the United States, the prevalence of a self-reported diagnosis of arthritis was associated with shorter sleep duration in the overall analyses, but the association failed to reach significance when stratified by sex.

The Association of Acculturative Stress with Self-reported Sleep Disturbance and Sleep Duration among Asian Americans

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunmin Lee ◽  
Soomin Ryu ◽  
Grace E Lee ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi ◽  
Brittany N Morey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
The United States ◽  
Korean Immigrants ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Item Scale

Abstract Study Objectives This study aims to examine associations between acculturative stress– defined as the psychological impact, or stress reaction, of adapting to a new cultural context –and self-reported sleep outcomes among Chinese and Korean immigrants in the United States. Methods In this cross-sectional study, acculturative stress was assessed using a 9-item scale, and sleep disturbance was measured using the 8-item scale. Sleep duration was self-reported. Poisson and linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the associations between acculturative stress, sleep disturbance, and sleep duration. Results Our sample consists of 400 participants (females: 52%, Chinese: 50%, Koreans: 50%, the mean of age=58.4). 81.8% of them were classified as having no sleep disturbance, while 18.2% were classified as having sleep disturbance. Poisson models revealed that greater acculturative stress was associated with a higher prevalence of sleep disturbance (Prevalence Ratio (PR): 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.31). In linear models, a one-unit increase in acculturative stress was associated with 0.08 hours less sleep (p &lt;0.05). Interaction tests indicated effect modification for sleep disturbance by sex and ethnic identity: only women had a significant association between acculturative stress and sleep disturbance (PR: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.13-1.49), while the association was significant for individuals identifying as “very Asian” (PR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.08-1.35), but not for those identifying as “mostly Asian” or “bicultural/western”. Conclusions If findings are replicated, we suggest developing intervention programs for Asian immigrants to minimize acculturative stress and bolster protective factors that decrease the risk for poor sleep outcomes.

scholarly journals Sleep Duration and Diet Quality Among Women Within 5 Years of Childbirth in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1869-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui S. Xiao ◽  
Tiffany A. Moore Simas ◽  
Sherry L. Pagoto ◽  
Sharina D. Person ◽  
Milagros C. Rosal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

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