Influence of feeding amino acid complexes of zinc and copper on growth performance and carcass response of finishing steers fed ractopamine hydrochloride1

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of a combined α-galactosidase and xylanase preparation on nutrients digestibility and growth performance in broiler chickens. Experiment 1 had 240 broilers allocated to 3 treatments with the dietary supplementation of 0, 300 and 500 g/t of the enzyme combination. Diet and amino acid (AA) digestibility were assessed. Experiment 2 was a 2 × 3 (enzyme × diet) factorial arrangement with 10 replicates of 12 male broilers per replicate. Diets were based on corn-Soybean meal (SBM) diet and had 3 nutritional levels (normal, 2% apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and crude protein (CP) reduction, and 4% AME and CP reduction). Each of these diets was fed with or without enzyme supplementation. Growth performance, chyme viscosity, nutrients digestibility, and endogenous enzymes activity were assessed. In experiment 1, enzyme supplementation improved the digestibility of Ca (P = 0.025) and ileal digestibility of total AA, Pro, Alu, Ile, Lys, His, Thr, Glu, Val, Leu, Tyr and Phe (P < 0.05), and also tended to increase the AME of diets (P < 0.10). In experiment 2, broilers fed the corn-SBM diet with 4% nutrient reduction had better growth performance (P < 0.05), jejunal digesta viscosity at 42 days (P < 0.01), and lower digestibility of gross energy (GE) (P < 0.05) when compared to those fed the normal nutrient diet. Enzyme inclusion increased digestibility of CP (P = 0.044), GE (P = 0.009), raffinose (P < 0.001) and stachyose (P < 0.001), improved average daily gain (P = 0.031), and reduced jejunal digesta viscosity at 42 days (P = 0.011). Besides, similar improvements trend in amylase, trypsin, sucrase, and maltase activity with enzyme inclusion were observed as with energy. These data support that the enzyme supplementation increased nutrients and ileal amino acid digestibility, improved performance and endogenous enzymes activity.

Download Full-text

Effects of organic chromium sources on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, breast amino acid and fatty acid profiles in broilers

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.11053 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Miaomiao Han ◽

Yiqiang Chen ◽

Juntao Li ◽

Yuanyang Dong ◽

Zhiqiang Miao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Antioxidant Status ◽

Fatty Acid Profiles

Download Full-text

Synthesis, Characterization, and Non-Covalent Interactions of Palladium(II)-Amino Acid Complexes

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26144331 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (14) ◽

pp. 4331

Author(s):

David B. Hobart ◽

Michael A. G. Berg ◽

Hannah M. Rogers ◽

Joseph S. Merola

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Spectroscopic Techniques ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Amino Acid Complexes ◽

Acetone Water ◽

Square Planar ◽

Non Covalent Interactions ◽

Covalent Interactions

The reaction of palladium(II) acetate with acyclic amino acids in acetone/water yields square planar bis-chelated palladium amino acid complexes that exhibit interesting non-covalent interactions. In all cases, complexes were examined by multiple spectroscopic techniques, especially HRMS (high resolution mass spectrometry), IR (infrared spectroscopy), and 1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy. In some cases, suitable crystals for single crystal X-ray diffraction were able to be grown and the molecular structure was obtained. The molecular geometries of the products are discussed. Except for the alanine complex, all complexes incorporate water molecules into the extended lattice and exhibit N-H···O and/or O···(HOH)···O hydrogen bonding interactions. The non-covalent interactions are discussed in terms of the extended lattice structures exhibited by the structures.

Download Full-text

Impact of a phytogenic feed additive on growth performance, feed intake, and carcass traits of finishing steers

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txz109 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 1162-1172

Author(s):

Tassilo Brand ◽

Martin Hünerberg ◽

Tim A McAllister ◽

Maolong He ◽

Atef M Saleem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Carcass Traits ◽

Feed Additive ◽

Muscle Area ◽

Mineral Supplement ◽

Liver Abscesses ◽

Finishing Steers

Abstact: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a phytogenic feed additive (Digestarom [DA]; Biomin, Getzersdorf, Austria) on growth performance, feed intake, carcass traits, fatty acid composition, and liver abscesses of finishing steers. One hundred twenty Angus × Charolais crossbred steers (488 ± 26.5 kg) were used in a 110-d feeding experiment. Steers were blocked by weight and randomly assigned to 12 pens with 10 steers per pen. Each pen was allocated to one of three diets. Each diet contained 86.5% barley, 10.0% barley silage, and 3.5% vitamin and mineral supplement on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets contained 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g DA/kg complete diet (DM basis), to achieve average daily DA intakes of 0 (control), 0.5 (LowDA), and 1.0 g (HighDA) per steer. Diets were prepared once daily and provided ad libitum. Two pens per treatment were equipped to record individual feed intake behavior. Steers were weighed every 28 d and carcass traits and liver scores were recorded at slaughter. Dry matter intake (average: 9.34 kg/d) did not differ (P > 0.05) among diets. Average daily gain tended to increase linearly as DA increased (control: 1.82; LowDA: 1.87; and HighDA: 1.95 kg/d; P < 0.09), but gain:feed ratio was not affected. Supplementation of DA affected longissimus muscle area quadratically (P = 0.05) with the largest area observed for LowDA. However, dressing percentage decreased linearly in response to increasing level of DA (P < 0.01). Total abscessed livers were not affected, whereas proportion of severe liver abscesses was numerically lower with DA (30.8% and 42.5% for LowDA and HighDA) compared to the control (50%).

Download Full-text