scholarly journals Evaluation of partial body weight for predicting body weight and average daily gain in growing beef cattle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D MacNeil ◽  
D P Berry ◽  
S A Clark ◽  
J J Crowley ◽  
M M Scholtz
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Predicted Body Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Partial Body ◽  
Genetic Evaluations ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Information on body weight and average daily gain (ADG) of growing animals is key not only to monitoring performance, but also for use in genetic evaluations in the pursuit of achieving sustainable genetic gain. Accurate calculation of ADG, however, requires serial measures of body weight over at least 70 days. This can be resource intensive and thus alternative approaches to predicting individual animal ADG warrant investigation. One such approach is the use of continuously collected individual animal partial body weights. The objective of the present study was to determine the utility of partial body weights in predicting both body weight and ADG; a secondary objective was to deduce the appropriate length of test to determine ADG from partial body weight records. The dataset used consisted of partial body weights, predicted body weights and recorded body weights recorded for 8,972 growing cattle from a range of different breed types in 35 contemporary groups. The relationships among partial body weight, predicted body weight and recorded body weight at the beginning and end of the performance test were determined and calculated ADG per animal from each body weight measure were also compared. On average, partial body weight explained 90.7 ± 2.0% of the variation in recorded body weight at the beginning of the postweaning gain test and 87.9 ± 2.9% of the variation in recorded body weight at its end. The GrowSafe proprietary algorithm to predict body weight from the partial body weight strengthened these coefficients of determination to 95.1 ± 0.9% and 94.9 ± 0.8%, respectively. The ADG calculated from the partial body weight or from the predicted body weight were very strongly correlated (r = 0.95); correlations between these ADG values with those calculated from the recorded body weights were weaker at 0.81 and 0.78, respectively. For some applications, ADG may be measured with sufficient accuracy with a test period of 50 days using partial body weights. The intended inference space is to individual trials which have been represented in this study by contemporary groups of growing cattle from different genotypes.

scholarly journals 93 Evaluation of the intake and digestibility of ensiled residual material from edamame soybean processing with and without the use of an inoculant

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 74-74
Author(s):  
Ellen M Herring ◽  
Elizabeth B Kegley ◽  
Ken Coffey ◽  
Shane Gadberry ◽  
Jeremy G Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Soybean Processing ◽  
Silage Inoculant ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract This research evaluated the effects of ensiled edamame soybean processing waste on ruminant intake and total tract digestibility. Waste from processing stored edamame was obtained (3 trips) and wilted (28%, 25%, and 37% DM), then treated with or without inoculant (Lactobacillus buchneri) and ensiled in 167 L plastic barrels (2 or 3 barrels/treatment from each trip) for 72 (Trip 1) or 69 (Trip 2 and 3) days. Pregnant ewes (n = 18; body weight = 55.5 ± 1.2 kg; 2 to 3 years old) were blocked by body weight and assigned randomly within a block to treatments within a trip, then each ewe was assigned to a barrel of silage. Ewes were housed individually in 1 × 1.5-m pens and offered silage for a 10-day adaptation period followed by 7 days of total feces and urine collection. Ewes were offered silage to allow for 10% orts and were offered 0.2% of their body weight of soyhulls and 32 g of mineral supplement/day to meet their predicted nutrient requirements for gestating ewes. Ewes consumed 1,616 ± 54 g DM/day (X ± SEM) or 2.9 ± 0.12% of their body weight and there was no effect (P ≥ 0.85) of inoculant treatment on DM intake (g/day or % of body weight). Dry matter digestibility was not affected (P = 0.98) by inoculant and averaged 55.7 ± 0.66%. Ewe average daily gain for the 17-day trial tended to be greater (P = 0.08) for the ewes offered the silage without inoculant (0.18 vs. 0.04 kg/d). Ensiling edamame processing waste yielded a feed that ewes consumed in adequate amounts to maintain their body weights over 17 days when also supplemented with soyhulls. The addition of silage inoculant had minimal effects on intake, digestibility, or ewe body weight change.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF SLAUGHTER’ AGE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS AND NON-CARCASS COMPONENTS TRAITS OF BERBER BREED LAMBS

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1401-1407
Author(s):  
S. Atroun ◽  
C. Aissaoui ◽  
S. Smeti ◽  
N. Atti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective of this work was to study the lamb’s growth, the carcass yield and composition and the importance of main organs of Berber lambs slaughtered at 4 or 6 months. The study concerned 40 lambs reared under motherhood. Lambs of the first group were slaughtered at the age of 4 months (4M) and the second at 6 months (6M). Slaughter body weights (BW), hot and cold carcass weights and organs were recorded. The carcass was cut out and dissected. The average BW at birth was 4.14 + 0.506 kg while the BW at slaughter was 22.86 kg + 3.40 and 31.51 + 3.50 kg for 4M and 6M groups, respectively. The average daily gain were 172 and 164g for 4M and 6M groups, respectively. Therefore, during 2months the lambs of 6M group gained 8.67 kg in BW. The carcasses were heavier for 6M than 4M. The carcass commercial yields were 42% and 45% for 4M and 6M groups, respectively, resulting in 4.1 kg gain of meat during 2 months. The tissular (muscle, fat and bone) and the regional (leg, shoulder …) carcass composition did not differ among groups. All organs were heavier for 6M than 4M; however, their proportion in the empty body weight were variables. The BWand carcass gain at six months are encouraging to prolong the lamb’s slaughter age without carcass composition difference given the similar fat proportion in the carcass of both groups.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF STOCKING RATE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TWO HYBRIDS OF COMMERCIAL BROILERS IN THE HUMID TROPICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 114-120
Author(s):  
J. A. Agunbiade ◽  
K. Benyi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Humid Tropics ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Daily Gain

The effects of four stocking rates (0.070, 0.093, 0.116 and 0.140m2/ bird) on the performance of two hybrids of commercial broilers were investigated. There were significant hybrid effects on initial and final body weights (P< 0.01) and on feed effici­ency (P <0.05) but not on average daily gain and feed consumption and mortality. Stocking effects which were not signi­ficant for initial body weight, feed efficiency and mortality were highly significant for final body weight, average daily gain and feed consumption, (P < 0.01). There were significant interactions bet­ween hybrid and stocking rate for average daily gain (P <0.01) and mortality (P < 0.05). It is suggested that in the humid tropics, the stocking rates of 0.116 and 0.140m2/ bird would be appropriate for rearing broilers. The results of the study also show­ed that different hybrids do vary on space requirements in respect • of certain produc­tion traits.

scholarly journals Study on growth traits at weaning and yearling stages of indigenous and F1 crossbred buffalo in Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-503
Author(s):  
Md Shahjahan ◽  
Asma Khatun ◽  
Sumya Khatun ◽  
Md Mahbubul Hoque ◽  
Sohrab Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Gain Measurement ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Imported Semen

This study was planned to clarify the variation of body weight and average daily gain traits in both indigenous and F1 crossbreed (Local×Mediterranean) buffalo at weaning (sixth month) and yearling stages (twelfth month). Data were collected from 33 indigenous and 35 F1 crossbred buffalo progeny during the period of 2011 to 2014 with intensive management system at Research and Development farm of Lal Teer Livestock Limited in Bangladesh. The gathered data were analyzed using general linear model (GLM) and independent sample t test. The effect of parity, sex, season and breeding year on body weight and average daily gain were observed where significant values found in breeding period (p <0.01) of crossbred buffalo for body weight. It might be the reason of crossbreeding to indigenous buffalo cows using imported semen with better genetic merit. The parity (p <0.05), season (p <0.05) and breeding period (p <0.01) were also significant for average daily gain measurement which suggesting environmental adaptability beside additive genetic effects. Body weights were measured at weaning and yearling stages for both local (113 to 195 kg) and F1 crossbred (144 to 220 kg) buffalo progeny to screen the elite offspring for the Genetic Farm and Bull station. Similarly, average daily gain observed 469 to 457 g and 600 to 506 g at the previously mentioned two stages for both local and F1 buffalos, respectively. It was observed that studied traits were comparatively better in F1 buffalo progeny than indigenous. The comparison of average daily weight gains between indigenous and F1 buffalos at weaning and yearling periods showed significant differences for body weight (p <0.001) and average daily gain (p <0.05), respectively. It is concluded that genetic gain might be possible in local buffalo population by grading up process which could switch the traditional buffalo rearing to commercial level as well as meeting the nutritional demand of country people.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2017, 3(4): 499-503

scholarly journals Selection indexes for genetic improvement of yearling weight in Egyptian buffaloes

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-446
Author(s):  
K. A. Shahin ◽  
O. Y. Abdallah ◽  
T. A. Fooda ◽  
K. A. Mourad
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Practical Standpoint ◽  
Selection Indexes ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of age, and for preweaning and postweaning average daily gain were computed and used to construct 14 selection indexes to improve the 12-month weight in Egyptian buffaloes. The full index incorporating body weight at birth, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age had the highest correlation with aggregate breeding value (rTI=0.63). The correlation fell to 0.62 when body weight at birth and 3 months were omitted from the index. Selection for body weight at 12 months of age alone is expected to be 76.2 % as efficient as selection for the full index. The maximum expected genetic gain in 12-month body weight was 8.85 kg/generation when all five body weights were included in the index; this decreased to 8.09 kg/generation when body weights at birth, 3 and 6 months were excluded and further decreased to 6.94 kg/ generation when selection based on yearling weight only. From the practical standpoint, selection on I5 involving body weight at 9 month of age can be considered as the best for improving body weight at 12 month since its application is earlier, less expensive, higher accuracy than any index excluding body weight at 12 month and giving reasonable amount (+5.39 kg) improvement in yearling weight as compared to direct selection (+6.94 kg).

Variance of body weights and daily weight gains of weaner pigs housed at various stocking densities in confinement

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. T. Kornegay ◽  
D. R. Notter ◽  
H. S. Bartlett ◽  
M. D. Lindemann
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Weaner Pigs

AbstractBody weight and gain data from eight studies conducted with weaner pigs to determine the relationship between stocking density and performance were used to evaluate the effect of various stocking densities on several factors which measure variation within pens. The initial weight of the pigs ranged from 5·7 to 8·3 kg and final weight ranged from 17·7 to 32·1 kg. There were 244 pens of pigs with floor space ranging from 0·11 to 0·28 m2 per pig. Average daily gain and body weight were depressed as stocking density increased. Natural logarithms of variance, coefficients of variation and ranges of average daily gains and body weights were not increased by stocking density. Body weights and daily gains appeared equally effective in measuring variance of weaner pigs housed at various densities. These results indicate that increasing stocking density within the range of densities tested does not cause a greater variation in body-weight gains.

Trends in growth and age at first calving for Holstein and Ayrshire heifers in Quebec

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Pietersma ◽  
R. Lacroix ◽  
D. Lefebvre ◽  
R. Cue ◽  
K. M. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Final Score ◽  
Estimated Breeding Values ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective was to provide an overview of heifer growth in Quebec and analyze its relationship with age at first calving. Heifer body weights, wither heights, body condition scores, and breeding events collected from 1993 to 2003 were obtained and combined with first lactation data, mature body weights, type classification final score and frame/capacity, and estimated breeding values for milk, conformation, frame/capacity, and Lifetime Profit Index. Analyses were restricted to 39 animal-level variables. The resulting data set consisted of 44 989 Holsteins and 2294 Ayrshires with data available for at least one variable. The average age at first calving was 26.5 and 27.1 mo for Holsteins and Ayrshires, respectively. For Holsteins, average daily gains in body weights were 0.79, 0.89, 0.87, and 0.70 kg d-1 for 0 to 4 mo (birth to weaning), 4 to 10 mo (to target onset of puberty), 10 to 14 mo (to first breeding), and 14 mo to pre-calving periods of growth, respectively. Body weights at 14 mo, conception, and post calving were 398, 464, and 601 kg, respectively, and relative to mature body weight were 59, 68 and 89%, respectively. Correlations with age at first calving, corrected for herd and year of birth effects, were positive for body weight at conception (0.69), body weight at first calving (0.31), and number of breedings (0.37), and negative for the average daily gain from conception to post calving (-0.38) and body weight at 14 mo relative to mature body weight (-0.20). For Ayrshires, body weights and average daily gains were lower than for Holsteins, but body weights relative to mature body weight and correlations were generally similar. Holsteins and Ayrshires calved substantially earlier and at a heavier body weight compared with Quebec data from the 1980s. The results of this study suggest that heifer growth may not be a limiting factor in reducing the average age at first calving in Québec. Key words: Dairy cattle, field-recorded data, heifer, growth

Pen enrichment and sex interaction on growth performance and metabolite concentrations of autochthonous Windsnyer pigs kept in a high stocking density

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 826-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V. Mkwanazi ◽  
A.T. Kanengoni ◽  
M. Chimonyo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Initial Body Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Better Than

The objective of the study was to determine the interaction of pen enrichment and sex on growth performance and blood metabolite concentrations of Windsnyer pigs. Forty-eight growing Windsnyer pigs of both sexes, with an average initial body weight of 21.6 (±9.01) kg were used. Daily feed intake and weekly body weights for each pen were measured. Blood was collected at the end of the experiment. Pen environment did not affect average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain. There was a pen environment and sex interaction on ADFI. Females in barren pens had higher ADFI than enriched females but ADFI in barren and enriched pens was similar for male pigs. Pigs in enriched environment were more efficient in converting feed into body weight than those in barren environment. There was an interaction of pen environment and sex on glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and alkaline phosphatase. Enriched males had higher albumin than males in barren environment. Enriched females had higher BUN than females in barren environment. It was concluded that enriched Windsnyer pigs housed at a density of 0.39 m2 per pig, particularly females, perform better than those in barren environments.

scholarly journals Selection indexes for improved weaning and marketing body weights of the Burundi local rabbits

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-568
Author(s):  
M. R. Anous
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Point Selection ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Selection Indexes ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for growth-related traits involving body weights at 4, 6 (weaning), 8 and 10 (marketing) weeks of age and average daily gains from 4- to 6- and 6- to 10-weeks of age (postweaning daily gain) were computed on 193 males of the Burundian local rabbits . Estimates were then used for constructing thirteen selection indexes, involved body weights at 4, 6 and 10 weeks of age and daily gains, to improve body weights of rabbits at weaning and marketing. The use of weaning weight in an index combined with body weight at 4 weeks of age (W4) and posuveaning average daily gain (index12) or postweaning daily gain solely (index2) resulted in a relative efficiency of about 100 % as using weaning weight combined with body weights at 4 and 10 weeks of age (index,) or with marketing body weight (index2) or W4 (index3). The accuracy of selection (rTI) using these indexes ranged between 0.890 and 0.906. They lead to a progress in weaning weight from 77–79 g and in marketing weight from 54–56 g. However, from a practical stand point, selection on index 3, including W4 and weaning weight, or on index 5, including weaning weight alone, could be recommended for improving both weaning and marketing weights of Burundian local rabbits.

Offspring-sire regressions for production traits of pigs in a West Australian selection herd

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
CA Morris ◽  
BM Goss ◽  
RH Wolskel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Sums Of Squares ◽  
Standard Errors ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Large White ◽  
Heritability Estimates ◽  
Daily Gain

Results from farm performance tests of Landrace and Large White pigs were collected over 14 months in a nucleus herd in Western Australia. They were used to make offspring-sire estimates of heritability for average daily gain and two combined ultrasonic fat depths (CK fat). Pigs were tested at about 85 kg and average daily gain was estimated from birth. Only 60% of records from the offspring of homebred sires were analysed, together with the performance test records from all of these sires. Data were adjusted for breed, and then contemporary deviations were estimated as the deviation of a pig's performance from that of all his contemporaries. The offspring-sire heritability estimates accounted for the effects of breed and sex, with sums of squares then being pooled, giving values of 0.05 � 0.1 6 and 0.57 � 0.15 for average daily gain and CK fat, respectively. Adjustments for body weight increased the estimates to 0.27 and 0.68 but with larger standard errors. These latter heritability estimates were very similar to the paternal half sib estimates. The means of all offspring of homebred and purchased boars indicated no advantage of purchased boars over homebreds in the Landrace breed. However, for Large Whites, the purchased boars were genetically superior in average daily gain and inferior in CK fat (by 2.1 and 0.9 a, respectively, in the performance of progeny). The heritability estimates from this study, applied to group-fed farm-tested pigs, suggest similar results to those from central tests or farm tests in Queensland. However, some attention should be given in tested pigs to variation in final liveweights, and possibly to a start weight at weaning instead of at birth.

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