Cephalic Tetanus: A Rare Case Report

Abstract Introduction Tetanus is a preventable infectious disease with vaccination. Cephalic tetanus is the rarest form in which local tetanus can involve the cranial nerves. Case Herein, we report a case of cephalic tetanus in a 16-month-old girl who had never been vaccinated. The patient, who had a complaint of a wound on the cheek mucosa for 2 weeks, was seen playing with the soil in the garden 1 week ago and was found to have abundant soil removed by her mother. The patient was diagnosed as cephalic tetanus according to her complaints and clinical findings. Discussion We believe that, this is the first case reported in the literature of cephalic tetanus in such a young child wherein the disease focus of infection from a wound on the cheek mucosa. The symptom we defined as ‘a child who cries when she smiles’ presented in this case could only be associated with this disease. Conclusion In addition to detailed anamnesis and meticulous physical examination, the clinical symptoms that we have described for the first time in a child with cephalic tetanus should also be considered for early and accurate diagnosis.

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Severe Trombiculiasis in Hunting Dogs Infested With Neotrombicula inopinata (Acari: Trombiculidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjz071 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 1389-1394 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M Areso Apesteguía ◽

J B Areso Portell ◽

N Halaihel Kassab ◽

M J Gracia Salinas

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Mite Species ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Risk Area ◽

Hunting Dogs ◽

Natural Park ◽

Large Numbers ◽

La Rioja ◽

First Time ◽

Fast Acting

Abstract This study records the clinical findings in nine hunting dogs showing systemic illness associated with trombiculids and identifies the mite species involved. In fall, coinciding with the seasonality of mites, all dogs were infested with mites and had been in the risk area (Sierra Cebollera Natural Park, La Rioja, Spain) a few hours before the onset of symptoms. The symptoms included vomiting, anorexia, weakness and lethargy, diarrhea, and even stupor. The clinical picture was fast-acting and potentially fatal. The infestations varied from low to severe. Molecular analysis of mites that fed on the dogs confirmed that they were larvae of Neotrombicula inopinata (Oudemans, Acari, Trombiculidae). This is the first time that N. inopinata has been identified as feeding on dogs and implicated in canine systemic illness associated with trombiculids. In contrast to other chiggers, N. inopinata does not seem to cause dermatitis. Likewise, the clinical and epidemiological similarity between the clinical symptoms we describe herein and the occurrence of seasonal canine illness (SCI) led us to suspect that this illness may be caused by infestation with these mites. The condition could be the consequence of severe infestation from large numbers of feeding mites, especially N. inopinata. Whether or not the cases were due to a severe allergic host response to salivary proteins or the result of the transmission of a new or emerging trombiculid-borne pathogen is not known.

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A Case of Neurosarcoidosis with Labyrinthine Involvement

Case Reports in Radiology ◽

10.1155/2014/530431 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Peter B. Johnson ◽

Roxanne Melbourne-Chambers ◽

Amit Manohar Saindane ◽

Nilesh Desai ◽

Myrton Smith

Keyword(s):

Cranial Nerves ◽

Central Nervous System Involvement ◽

Visual Disturbance ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Pituitary Dysfunction ◽

First Case ◽

Cranial Neuropathies ◽

The Right ◽

Temporal Bones

Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, which may involve any organ system. It most commonly occurs in adults with childhood involvement being rare. Central nervous system involvement is seen in up to 25% and typically involves meningeal disease resulting in multiple cranial neuropathies. Other common clinical findings include seizures, headache, dementia, and pituitary dysfunction. Imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis with typical findings including pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancing lesions. Other imaging findings include lacunar and major territory infarcts, hypothalamic and infundibular thickening, hydrocephalus, and cranial nerve enhancement. We present a case of an eight-year-old male patient with progressive headache, visual disturbance, unilateral sensory hearing loss, and multiple cranial neuropathies. Imaging findings demonstrated the classic pachymeningeal and leptomeningeal enhancement along much of the skull base, as well as enhancement of the right and left second and eighth cranial nerves. Extensive inflammatory changes were noted in the temporal bones and paranasal sinuses. There was also enhancement of the right and left labyrinths. Sinus biopsy confirmed sarcoidosis. We present the first case to our knowledge of sarcoid labyrinthitis.

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Clinical findings and molecular cytogenetic characterization of 19q13.42 microduplication: three cases report and literature review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-86452/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xinyue Zhang ◽

Fagui Yue ◽

Qingyang Shi ◽

Yuting Jiang ◽

Jing He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Nuchal Translucency ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Causative Role ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Long Term Follow Up ◽

Cytogenetic Characterization ◽

First Time

Abstract BackgroundTrisomy 19q is a recognizable syndrome and associated with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes in clinic. The purpose of this study was to explore the prenatal phenotypes of 19q13.42 duplication, which was rarely reported in clinic. Case presentationThree pregnant women presenting diverse indications for prenatal diagnosis accepted amniocentesis: increased nuchal translucency (case 2) and high risk of trisomy 21 (case 1 and case 3). Case 1 and case 2 shared similar duplicated locus in the region of 19q13.42, encompassing part NLRP12 gene. Case 2 inherited the chromosomal duplication from the mother with normal phenotypes. Case 3 carried a 1.445Mb duplication in the 19q13.42q13.43 region. It was proposed that evolutionary duplication of NLRP12 gene could have a causative role in autoinflammatory diseases development. The genotype-phenotype correlation depends mainly on the duplicated size and functional genes involved, which is still yet to be determined. All pregnant women chose to continue the pregnancy and delivered healthy children with no apparent abnormalities.ConclusionsThe 19q13.42 microduplications in our study are the smallest fragments compared to previous literature. We delineated 19q duplication cases without structural ultrasound anomalies for the first time, which enriched the prenatal phenotypes of this chromosomal aberration. It was proposed that long term follow up analysis should be guaranteed till adulthood to determine whether there will be other emerging clinical symptoms and developmental-behavioral disorders for such carriers.

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TBE in Lithuania

Tick-borne encephalitis - The Book ◽

10.33442/26613980_12b20-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Viral Encephalitis ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Shoulder Girdle ◽

Muscle Paralysis ◽

First Case ◽

Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽

Autopsy Data ◽

Forest Worker ◽

Girdle Muscle ◽

Shoulder Girdle Muscle

The first case of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Lithuania, diagnosed by clinical and epidemiologic criteria only, was reported in 1953. A forest worker became ill with the disease in April after a tick bite, had a typical clinical presentation with shoulder girdle muscle paralysis and bulbar syndrome, and died after 12 days from the start of clinical symptoms. Autopsy data were compatible with viral encephalitis.1 Serological diagnosis of TBE in Lithuania was started in 1970.2

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Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): A Narrative Review Based on Current Status

Anti-Infective Agents ◽

10.2174/2211352518999201020202540 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 ◽

Author(s):

Rina Das ◽

Dinesh Kumar Mehta ◽

Meenakshi Dhanawat

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

World Health ◽

Current Status ◽

Future Research ◽

Treatment And Prevention ◽

First Case ◽

Novel Coronavirus

Abstract:: A novel virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), appeared and expanded globally by the end of year in 2019 from Wuhan, China, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. During its initial stage, the disease was called the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). It was named COVID-19 by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 February 2020. The WHO declared worldwide the SARS-CoV-2 virus a pandemic on March 2020. On 30 January 2020 the first case of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in India. Now in current situation the virus is floating in almost every part of the province and rest of the globe. -: On the basis of novel published evidences, we efficiently summarized the reported work with reference to COVID-19 epidemiology, pathogen, clinical symptoms, treatment and prevention. Using several worldwide electronic scientific databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Science direct, Scopus, etc were utilized for extensive investigation of relevant literature. -: This review is written in the hope of encouraging the people successfully with the key learning points from the underway efforts to perceive and manage SARS-CoV-2, suggesting sailent points for expanding future research.

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First case report of acute cholangitis secondary to Cronobacter sakazakii

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06195-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Syeda Sahra ◽

Abdullah Jahangir ◽

Neville Mobarakai ◽

Allison Glaser ◽

Ahmad Jahangir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Cholangitis ◽

Tube Placement ◽

Cronobacter Sakazakii ◽

First Case ◽

Shunt Procedure ◽

Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt ◽

History Of ◽

Cholecystostomy Tube ◽

Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Tube ◽

First Time

Abstract Introduction Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which may be a causative agent of meningitis in premature infants and enterocolitis and bacteremia in neonates and adults. While there have been multiple cases of C. sakazakii infections, there have been no acute cholangitis cases reported in humans. Case presentation An 81-year-old male with a past medical history of basal cell carcinoma, alcoholic liver cirrhosis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedure, complicated by staphylococcus bacteremia, pituitary tumor, glaucoma, and hypothyroidism presented to the emergency room with the complaint of diffuse and generalized 10/10 abdominal pain of 1 day’s duration. There was a concern for pancreatitis, acute cholangitis, and possible cholecystitis, and the patient underwent a percutaneous cholecystostomy tube placement. Blood cultures from admission and biliary fluid cultures both grew C. sakazakii. The patient was treated with a carbapenem and clinically improved. Conclusions The case study described a patient with multiple medical comorbidities that presented with C. sakazakii bacteremia and cholangitis. While this bacterium has been implicated in other infections, we believe this is the first time the bacteria is being documented to have caused acute cholangitis.

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Optimization of thermal conductivity in composites loaded with the solid-solid phase-change materials

Science and Engineering of Composite Materials ◽

10.1515/secm-2016-0301 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (6) ◽

pp. 1157-1165

Author(s):

Taoufik Mnasri ◽

Adel Abbessi ◽

Rached Ben Younes ◽

Atef Mazioud

Keyword(s):

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Phase Change ◽

Phase Change Materials ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Spherical Inclusions ◽

First Case ◽

The Matrix ◽

Composite Conductivity ◽

First Time

AbstractThis work focuses on identifying the thermal conductivity of composites loaded with phase-change materials (PCMs). Three configurations are studied: (1) the PCMs are divided into identical spherical inclusions arranged in one plane, (2) the PCMs are inserted into the matrix as a plate on the level of the same plane of arrangement, and (3) the PCMs are divided into identical spherical inclusions arranged periodically in the whole matrix. The percentage PCM/matrix is fixed for all cases. A comparison among the various situations is made for the first time, thus providing a new idea on how to insert PCMs into composite matrices. The results show that the composite conductivity is the most important consideration in the first case, precisely when the arrangement plane is parallel with the flux and diagonal to the entry face. In the present work, we are interested in exploring the solid-solid PCMs. The PCM polyurethane and a wood matrix are particularly studied.

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Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Avian Avulavirus Type 6 (AAvV-6) Circulating in Canadian Wild Birds (2005–2017)

Viruses ◽

10.3390/v13040543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 543

Author(s):

Tamiko Hisanaga ◽

Catherine Soos ◽

Nicola Lewis ◽

Oliver Lung ◽

Matthew Suderman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Fusion Gene ◽

Full Genome ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Viral Shedding ◽

Genetic Groups ◽

Antigenic Characterization ◽

Specific Pathogen ◽

First Time

We describe for the first time the genetic and antigenic characterization of 18 avian avulavirus type-6 viruses (AAvV-6) that were isolated from wild waterfowl in the Americas over the span of 12 years. Only one of the AAvV-6 viruses isolated failed to hemagglutinate chicken red blood cells. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of 16 and 2 fusion gene sequences from the remaining 2 isolates. This is more than double the number of full genome sequences available at the NCBI database. These AAvV-6 viruses phylogenetically grouped into the 2 existing AAvV-6 genotype subgroups indicating the existence of an intercontinental epidemiological link with other AAvV-6 viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl from different Eurasian countries. Antigenic maps made using HI assay data for these isolates showed that the two genetic groups were also antigenically distinct. An isolate representing each genotype was inoculated in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, however, no clinical symptoms were observed. A duplex fusion gene based real-time assay for the detection and genotyping of AAvV-6 to genotype 1 and 2 was developed. Using the developed assay, the viral shedding pattern in the infected chickens was examined. The chickens infected with both genotypes were able to shed the virus orally for about a week, however, no significant cloacal shedding was detected in chickens of both groups. Chickens in both groups developed detectable levels of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies 7 days after infection.

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Exclusive Neurogenic Bladder and Fecal Incontinency in an Achondroplasic Child Successfully Treated with Lumbar Foraminal Decompression

Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽

10.1159/000517652 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Flavio Giordano ◽

Matteo Lenge ◽

Pierarturo Donati ◽

Lorenzo Mongardi ◽

Gianpiero Di Giacomo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fecal Incontinence ◽

Neurogenic Bladder ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Motor Impairment ◽

Foramen Magnum ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Lumbar Stenosis ◽

Endochondral Bone ◽

Case Presentation ◽

First Case

Introduction: Achondroplasia is a genetic disorder characterized by defects in the development of endochondral bone resulting in skeletal abnormalities like stenosis of the foramen magnum and of the spine, shortened limb bones, and macrocephaly. Congenital spinal stenosis is frequent and due to premature fusion of the pedicles to the laminae. Case Presentation: We report a case of neurogenic bladder and fecal incontinence due to lumbar stenosis successfully treated with L1–L5 partial laminectomy and foraminotomy in a 7-year-old achondroplasic child. Discussion/Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first case report of exclusive neurogenic bladder and fecal incontinence in an achondroplasic child. Neurogenic bladder and fecal incontinence without motor impairment may be early and exclusive clinical findings of lumbar stenosis in children with achondroplasia.

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Microcystic/Reticular Schwannoma of the Frontal Lobe: An Unusual Occurrence

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2017/4728585 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lauren Pearson ◽

Erinc Akture ◽

Julien Wonderlick ◽

Gregory Fuller ◽

Maryam Zenali

Keyword(s):

Frontal Lobe ◽

Cranial Nerves ◽

Neck Region ◽

Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽

Reticular Pattern ◽

Nerve Sheath ◽

First Case ◽

Unusual Occurrence

Schwannoma is a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that typically involves cranial nerves of the head and neck region. Intraparenchymal occurrence of this tumor is uncommon. Even rarer in this site is the microcystic/reticular pattern of schwannoma. This histologic variant, first described in 2008, has a predilection for visceral organs. Herein, we report the first case of microcystic/reticular schwannoma of the frontal lobe.

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