scholarly journals Genetic and Antigenic Characterization of Avian Avulavirus Type 6 (AAvV-6) Circulating in Canadian Wild Birds (2005–2017)

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 543
Author(s):  
Tamiko Hisanaga ◽  
Catherine Soos ◽  
Nicola Lewis ◽  
Oliver Lung ◽  
Matthew Suderman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Fusion Gene ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
First Time

We describe for the first time the genetic and antigenic characterization of 18 avian avulavirus type-6 viruses (AAvV-6) that were isolated from wild waterfowl in the Americas over the span of 12 years. Only one of the AAvV-6 viruses isolated failed to hemagglutinate chicken red blood cells. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of 16 and 2 fusion gene sequences from the remaining 2 isolates. This is more than double the number of full genome sequences available at the NCBI database. These AAvV-6 viruses phylogenetically grouped into the 2 existing AAvV-6 genotype subgroups indicating the existence of an intercontinental epidemiological link with other AAvV-6 viruses isolated from migratory waterfowl from different Eurasian countries. Antigenic maps made using HI assay data for these isolates showed that the two genetic groups were also antigenically distinct. An isolate representing each genotype was inoculated in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens, however, no clinical symptoms were observed. A duplex fusion gene based real-time assay for the detection and genotyping of AAvV-6 to genotype 1 and 2 was developed. Using the developed assay, the viral shedding pattern in the infected chickens was examined. The chickens infected with both genotypes were able to shed the virus orally for about a week, however, no significant cloacal shedding was detected in chickens of both groups. Chickens in both groups developed detectable levels of anti-hemagglutinin antibodies 7 days after infection.

Full genome sequences and molecular characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus strains isolated from human patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Formanová ◽  
Jiří Černý ◽  
Barbora Černá Bolfíková ◽  
James J. Valdés ◽  
Irina Kozlova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis ◽  
Tick Borne Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Virus Strains

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of full genome sequences of Newcastle disease viruses circulating among vaccinated chickens in Egypt during 2011–2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 809-816
Author(s):  
Giang Thi Huong TRAN ◽  
Serageldeen SULTAN ◽  
Nabila OSMAN ◽  
Mohamed Ismail HASSAN ◽  
Hieu VAN DONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from late April in Stockholm, Sweden reveal a novel mutation in the spike protein

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiany Aparecida Teixeira Soratto ◽  
Hamid Darban ◽  
Annelie Bjerkner ◽  
Maarten Coorens ◽  
Jan Albert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
List Type ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Group B ◽  
First Time ◽  
Large Research

AbstractLarge research efforts are going into characterizing, mapping the spread, and studying the biology and clinical features of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we report four complete SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences obtained from patients confirmed to have the disease in Stockholm, Sweden, in late April. A variant at position 23463 was found for the first time in one genome. It changes an arginine (R) residue to histidine (H) at position 364 in the S1 subunit of the spike protein. The genomes belonged to two different genetic groups, previously reported as two of the three main genetic groups found in Sweden. Three of them are from group B.1/G, corresponding to the Italian outbreak, reported by the Public Health Agency of Sweden to have declined in prevalence by late April, and more investigation is needed in order to ensure that the spread of different types of SARS-CoV-2 is fully characterized.HighlightsFour near-complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 were assembled from late April in Stockholm.A novel mutation in the spike protein were found.The phylogeny of the strains were discussed.

scholarly journals Genomic and antigenic characterization of the newly emerging Chinese duck egg-drop syndrome flavivirus: genomic comparison with Tembusu and Sitiawan viruses

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 2158-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peipei Liu ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Shuang Li ◽  
Gregory Moureau ◽  
Yong-Qiang Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Glycosylation Sites ◽  
Antigenic Characterization ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Duck Egg ◽  
First Time

Duck egg-drop syndrome virus (DEDSV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus causing avian diseases in China. The infection occurs in laying ducks characterized by a severe drop in egg production with a fatality rate of 5–15 %. The virus was found to be most closely related to Tembusu virus (TMUV), an isolate from mosquitoes in South-east Asia. Here, we have sequenced and characterized the full-length genomes of seven DEDSV strains, including the 5′- and 3′-non-coding regions (NCRs). We also report for the first time the ORF sequences of TMUV and Sitiawan virus (STWV), another closely related flavivirus isolated from diseased chickens. We analysed the phylogenetic and antigenic relationships of DEDSV in relation to the Asian viruses TMUV and STWV, and other representative flaviviruses. Our results confirm the close relationship between DEDSV and TMUV/STWV and we discuss their probable evolutionary origins. We have also characterized the cleavage sites, potential glycosylation sites and unique motifs/modules of these viruses. Additionally, conserved sequences in both 5′- and 3′-NCRs were identified and the predicted secondary structures of the terminal sequences were studied. Antigenic cross-reactivity comparisons of DEDSV with related pathogenic flaviviruses identified a surprisingly close relationship with dengue virus (DENV) and raised the question of whether or not DEDSV may have a potential infectious threat to man. Importantly, DEDSV can be efficiently recognized by a broadly cross-reactive flavivirus mAb, 2A10G6, derived against DENV. The significance of these studies is discussed in the context of the emergence, evolution, epidemiology, antigenicity and pathogenicity of the newly emergent DEDSV.

scholarly journals Characterization of Co-infection With Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4 and 8a

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Xinjin Shi ◽  
Lu Lv ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Zhiwei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tunel Staining ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Fowl Adenovirus Serotype 4

Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs), which are distributed worldwide, have caused considerable economic losses to poultry farms. Co-infection with FAdVs and other avian pathogens has been reported previously. However, the pathogenicity of different serotypes of FAdVs causing co-infection remains unclear. Herein, strain HN from FAdV species C serotype 4 (FAdV-4) and strain AH720 from species E serotype 8a (FAdV-8a) were used to assess the pathogenicity of their co-infection in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. Compared with chickens infected with FAdV-4 alone, those co-infected with FAdV-4 and FAdV-8a showed similar clinical symptoms, mortality rates and degree of tissue lesions, and notably decreased viral loads of HN. Conversely, the viral loads of AH720 increased markedly in the co-infection group compared with that in chickens infected with AH720 strain alone. Increased viral loads of AH720 in the liver were suspected to contribute to the pathogenicity of chickens co-infected with the HN and AH720 strains. This was further investigated by histopathology and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining analyses. Collectively, these data indicated that co-infection with FAdV-4 and FAdV-8a suppresses the replication and proliferation of FAdV-4 but enhances the replication and proliferation of FAdV-8a in chicken liver. This study will provide valuable information for the further investigation of the interactions between FAdV-4 and FAdV-8a during co-infection.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Characterization of Eight Human Parainfluenza Viruses from the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
My V. T. Phan ◽  
Georgina Arron ◽  
Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel ◽  
Robin C. Huisman ◽  
Richard Molenkamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Characterization ◽  
Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Human Parainfluenza Viruses ◽  
Generation Sequencing

We report the complete genome sequences of eight human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV) belonging to Human respirovirus 1 (HPIV-1), Human respirovirus 3 (HPIV-3), Human rubulavirus 2 (HPIV-2), and Human rubulavirus 4 (HPIV-4). The genome sequences were generated using random-primed next-generation sequencing and represent the first HPIV full-genome sequences from the Netherlands.

scholarly journals First Whole-Genome Characterization of Avian Nephritis Virus 2 of Broiler Chicken from Pará, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceyla Maria Oeiras Castro ◽  
Elaine Hellen Nunes Chagas ◽  
Delana Andreza Melo Bezerra ◽  
Sandro Patroca da Silva ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Full Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genome Characterization ◽  
Avian Nephritis Virus ◽  
The Family

ABSTRACT Our results show the first full-genome characterization of avian nephritis virus 2 recovered from stools of broiler chickens at a commercial farm located in Benevides, Pará, Brazil. Nucleotide analyses of whole-genome sequences showed the isolate to be a strain of Avastrovirus 2 in the family Astroviridae.

Characterization of a Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Isolate

1981 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Evermann ◽  
L. Baumgartener ◽  
R. L. Ott ◽  
E. V. Davis ◽  
A. J. McKeirnan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Infectious Bronchitis ◽  
Canine Coronavirus ◽  
Viral Particles ◽  
Specific Pathogen

A virus isolated in cell culture from the spleen of a cat with feline infectious peritonitis was identified by physicochemical, morphological and antigenic criteria as a coronavirus. The feline infectious peritonitis virus was compared in vitro with canine coronavirus, a reported enteric pathogen of dogs. The feline isolate was characterized, by chloroform sensitivity and resistance to 5-iododeoxyuridine, respectively, as containing essential lipid and an RNA genome. Other traits of the isolate included resistance to acidic conditions, heat lability, and resistance to trypsin. Electron microscopy showed viral particles with a structure consistent with that of the prototype of the coronavirus group, infectious bronchitis virus. Indirect immunofluorescence with canine coronavirus monospecific antiserum showed the viral isolate to be antigenically related to canine coronavirus. Specific-pathogen-free cats inoculated by various routes with cell-culture-propagated virus had both clinical symptoms and lesions consistent with feline infectious peritonitis.

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