Expert Opinions on the Future Production of Five Manufactured Wood Products in the Pacific Northwest

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lita C. Rule ◽  
Jay O'Laughlin
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Product Group ◽  
Softwood Lumber ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Future Production ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Relative Product ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Level

Abstract A panel of 21 experts provided their opinions on future production levels of manufactured wood products in the Pacific Northwest. Their projections covered a 50-year span for five groups of products: softwood lumber, plywood and panels, woodpulp, export chips, and log exports. Explanations for three projection levels—low, median, and high—are described for each product group and then converted into an aggregated estimate of total roundwood timber consumption forecasts. Aggregate totals reveal that over the next 50 years, only the high-level scenario indicates a return to the historic peak production levels of the 1970s. No significant change in the relative product group proportions of aggregate roundwood consumption is expected under any of the three projection levels. This means that lumber and woodpulp, presently constituting two-thirds of total roundwood consumption, are expected to remain as the leading manufactured wood products during the next 50 years. West. J. Appl. For. 4(3):92-98, July 1989

The Demise of Community and Ecology in the Pacific Northwest: Historical Roots of the Ancient Forest Conflict

1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clayton W. Dumont
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ancient Forest ◽  
The Future ◽  
Political Economic

The Pacific Northwest has become the site of a bitterly fought struggle over the future of the remaining 10% of the region's ancient, or “old growth,” forests. The remaining stands of these forests are important components of the local economy and of the region's ecology. The article begins with a brief description of the economic and ecological crises which are now coming to fruition as a result of the loss of 90% of these forests. It then provides a description of the cultural heritage and sense of community which is being lost in the small, timber-dependent communities of the region—a social crisis resulting from the economic and ecological crises. In conclusion, the article argues that all of these crises should be understood as resulting from the political, economic, and historical circumstances which facilitated the emergence of the largest and wealthiest timber ownership.

Delayed Emergence, Stem Distortion, Stunting, and Foliar Symptoms Associated with Tobacco Rattle Virus and Paratrichodorus Allius in Potatoes Grown in the Pacific Northwest

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy L. Gieck ◽  
Nicholas L. David ◽  
Philip B. Hamm ◽  
James M. Crosslin ◽  
Russell E. Ingham
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Tobacco Rattle Virus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Us ◽  
Delayed Emergence ◽  
The Future

This is the first report of stunting, stem distortion, delayed emergence and foliar TRV symptoms on potato in the Pacific Northwest where approximately 50% of the US potato crop is grown. The shift in use from 1,3 dichloropropene to oxamyl may suggest these symptoms will be more frequently observed in the future. Accepted for publication 19 May 2007. Published 17 September 2007.

scholarly journals Optimum Timing of Preplant Applications of Glyphosate to Manage Rhizoctonia Root Rot in Barley

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Babiker ◽  
S. H. Hulbert ◽  
K. L. Schroeder ◽  
T. C. Paulitz
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Rhizoctonia Root Rot ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Seminal Roots ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Level

Rhizoctonia root rot, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-8 and R. oryzae, is considered one of the main deterrents for farmers to adopt reduced-tillage systems in the Pacific Northwest. Because of the wide host range of Rhizoctonia spp., herbicide application before planting to control weeds and volunteer plants is the main management strategy for this disease. To determine the effect of timing of glyphosate applications on the severity of Rhizoctonia root rot of barley, field experiments were conducted in 2007, 2008, and 2009 in a field naturally infested with a high level of both R. solani and R. oryzae. Crop volunteer plants and weeds were allowed to grow over the winter and plots were sprayed with glyphosate at 42, 28, 14, 7, and 2 days prior to planting. As the herbicide application interval increased, there were significant increases in shoot length, length of the first true leaf, and number of healthy seminal roots and a decrease in disease severity. Yield and the number of seminal roots did not show a response to herbicide application interval in most years. The activity of R. solani, as measured by toothpick bioassay and real-time polymerase chain reaction, declined over time in all treatments after planting barley. The herbicide application interval required to meet 80 and 90% of the maximum response (asymptote) for all plant and disease measurements ranged from 11 to 27 days and 13 to 37 days, respectively. These times are the minimum herbicide application intervals required to reduce disease severity in the following crop.

scholarly journals The Future of Restoration and Management of Prairie-Oak Ecosystems in the Pacific Northwest

2011 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Dunwiddie ◽  
Jonathan D. Bakker
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Future

A Structured Framework for Adaptive Management: Bridging Theory and Practice in the Olympic Experimental State Forest

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 478-489
Author(s):  
Teodora V Minkova ◽  
Jennifer S Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Multiple Use ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
High Level

Abstract Adaptive management is a systematic approach to learning from outcomes to improve management. Although its virtues are commonly praised, it has been implemented infrequently in natural resource management because of the challenges of developing a feasible process that can be sustained over time. Our analysis of regional experiences from private, state, and federal lands in the Pacific Northwest (United States and Canada) finds that the questions addressed by private organizations tend to be more specific, associated with a narrower scope of uncertainties, and addressed in a shorter time frame with limited stakeholder involvement. On publicly managed lands, questions tend to be more complex and open-ended, usually driven by their mandate for multiple use and high level of stakeholder engagement. We present a structured adaptive management framework that translates theory into action by describing an implementation process and organizational structure, explicitly linking learning to management planning and implementation, and integrating the technical and social aspects of adaptive management. Forest managers and policymakers can customize our example according to their mandate and management objectives. The framework is particularly relevant to land management for multiple uses, where the uncertainties are abundant and complex, and the decisionmakers increasingly use mathematical modeling to inform their decisions.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of Populations of Botrytis cinerea from Pear-Related Sources to Benzimidazole and Dicarboximide Fungicides

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Lennox ◽  
Robert A. Spotts
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Baseline Sensitivity ◽  
Benzimidazole Fungicides ◽  
Postharvest Application ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Type Population ◽  
High Level

Botrytis cinerea is responsible for a major portion of postharvest decay in winter pears in the Pacific Northwest. The baseline sensitivity levels (mean EC50 values) of a wild-type B. cinerea population to thiabendazole and iprodione were 6.66 and 0.56 mg/liter, respectively. B. cinerea from commercial orchards not treated with a benzimidazole had significantly lower incidence of resistance (0.59%) to a discriminatory concentration of thiabendazole at 10 mg/liter than did isolates from orchards in which benomyl had been applied for experimental purposes (16.0%), unsprayed control trees in benomyl-sprayed orchards (5.34%), and isolates from packinghouses where thiabendazole was applied as a prestorage drench or packingline spray (3.23%). The mean EC50 value of isolates in the wild-type population was lower than those of resistant isolates from all other sources. High-level thiabendazole resistance (EC50 > 100 mg/liter) was found in 0.20% of isolates from unsprayed commercial orchards, 9.33% of isolates from benomyl-sprayed orchards, and 2.67% of isolates from unsprayed control trees in these benomyl-sprayed orchards. In isolates from packinghouses where a thiabendazole line spray was applied, 1.52% had high-level thiabendazole resistance. All isolates from all pear-related sources tested were sensitive to iprodione at 10 mg/liter. This study provides evidence supporting current recommendations of a single postharvest application of a benzimidazole to control decay caused by B. cinerea, and no application of benzimidazole fungicides in the orchard.

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