scholarly journals A cbb3-Type Cytochrome C Oxidase Contributes to Ralstonia solanacearum R3bv2 Growth in Microaerobic Environments and to Bacterial Wilt Disease Development in Tomato

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Colburn-Clifford ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome C ◽  
Cytochrome C Oxidase ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Oxygen Conditions

Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3bv2) is an economically important soilborne plant pathogen that causes bacterial wilt disease by infecting host plant roots and colonizing the xylem vessels. Little is known about R3bv2 behavior in the host rhizosphere and early in bacterial wilt pathogenesis. To explore this part of the disease cycle, we used a novel taxis-based promoter-trapping strategy to identify pathogen genes induced in the plant rhizosphere. This screen identified several rex (root exudate expressed) genes whose promoters were upregulated in the presence of tomato root exudates. One rex gene encodes an assembly protein for a high affinity cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidase (cbb3-cco) that enables respiration in low-oxygen conditions in other bacteria. R3bv2 cbb3-cco gene expression increased under low-oxygen conditions, and a cbb3-cco mutant strain grew more slowly in a microaerobic environment (0.5% O2). Although the cco mutant could still wilt tomato plants, symptom onset was significantly delayed relative to the wild-type parent strain. Further, the cco mutant did not colonize host stems or adhere to roots as effectively as wild type. These results suggest that R3bv2 encounters low-oxygen environments during its interactions with host plants and that the pathogen depends on this oxidase to help it succeed in planta.

scholarly journals Tomato root transformation followed by inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum for straightforward genetic analysis of bacterial wilt disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael J. L. Morcillo ◽  
Achen Zhao ◽  
María I. Tamayo-Navarrete ◽  
José M. García-Garrido ◽  
Alberto P. Macho
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Sustainable Solutions ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Tomato Roots ◽  
Root Transformation

ABSTRACTRalstonia solanacearum is a devastating soil borne vascular pathogen that is able to infect a large range of plant species, causing an important threat to agriculture. However, the Ralstonia model is considerably under-explored in comparison to other models involving bacterial plant pathogens, such as Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis. Research targeted to understanding the interaction between Ralstonia and crop plants is essential to develop sustainable solutions to fight against bacterial wilt disease, but is currently hindered by the lack of straightforward experimental assays to characterize the different components of the interaction in native host plants. In this scenario, we have developed an easy method to perform genetic analysis of Ralstonia infection of tomato, a natural host of Ralstonia. This method is based on Agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated transformation of tomato roots, followed by Ralstonia soil-drenching inoculation of the resulting plants, containing transformed roots expressing the construct of interest. The versatility of the root transformation assay allows performing either gene overexpression or gene silencing mediated by RNAi. As a proof of concept, we used this method to show that RNAi-mediated silencing of SlCESA6 of tomato roots conferred resistance to Ralstonia. Here, we describe this method in detail, enabling genetic approaches to understand bacterial wilt disease in a relative short time and with small requirements of equipment and plant growth space.SUMMARYA versatile method for tomato root transformation followed by inoculation with Ralstonia solanacearum to perform straightforward genetic analysis for the study of bacterial wilt disease.

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN UJI KEMAMPUAN BAKTERIOFAG SEBAGAI AGENS PENGENDALI PENYAKIT LAYU BAKTERI (Ralstonia solanacearum) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Fery Abdul Choliq ◽  
Mintarto Martosudiro ◽  
Istiqomah Istiqomah ◽  
Muhammad Fanhash Nijami
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacteriophage Infection

Tomato is the top priority in the development of horticultural crops. The obstacle which mostly encountered is Ralstonia solanacearum pathogen attack. Bacteriophage can cause bacterial lysis after they they develop themselves inside the bacteria. The specific of the bacteriophage can provide result quickly, accurately, and efficiently so that it can be used as an alternative to control bacterial wilt disease R. solanacearum environmentally friendly. This study aims to find out the effectiveness of bacteriophage to control the bacterial wilt disease R. solanacearum. The testing method are plaque assay, bacteriophage infections test in various dilutions, bacteriophage infection test in a liquid medium, and transmission electron microscopy test. In the greenhouse scale testing using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 6 treatments and 4 replications. Quantitative data were analyzed using analysis of variance 5% error level and followed by least significant different  test level of 5%. The results showed that bacteriophages can infect R. solanacearum. Bacteriophage can infect bacteria R. solanacearum indicated by the appearance of plaques in NA media, the declining value of absorbance spectophotometer, and can lyse bacterial cells from dilutions 10-1 to 10-9. The morphology of bacteriophages that infect R. solanacearum have hexagonal head structure and it have which is with a size of 200 nm. In the greenhouse scale showed that the symptoms of R. solanacearum appear at 29 days after inoculation. Application of bacteriophages can control R. solanacearum with lower percentage than the control treatment.

scholarly journals Streptomyces sp.: Characterization, Identification and Its Potential as a Ralstonia solanacearum Biological Control Agent in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachmad Saputra ◽  
Triwidodo Arwiyanto ◽  
Arif Wibowo
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Streptomyces Sp ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Wide Range

Streptomyces sp. bacteria have the potential to produce antibiotic compounds, which are one of the mechanisms that are widely used in biological control. However, in general, biological control mechanisms also occur through competition, cell wall degradation and induced resistance. This study was aimed to determine the physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of two isolates of Streptomyces sp. (S-4 and S16 isolates) isolated from the tomatoes roots, and to find out their ability to control Ralstonia solanacearum, which causes bacterial wilt disease on a wide range of hosts. The results showed both Streptomyces sp. isolates had several different physiological and biochemical characteristics and had a different ability to inhibit R. solanacearum in vitro. Streptomyces sp. S-16 isolate had a high similarity with Streptomyces diastaticus subsp. ardesiacus strain NRRL B-1773T based on the molecular identification results. Further research needs to be done to see the potential inhibition of the two Streptomyces isolates in inhibiting the development of bacterial wilt disease in tomato plants caused by R. solanacearum.

scholarly journals The plant-based chimeric antimicrobial protein SlP14a-PPC20 protects tomato against bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum

Plant Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tâmara P. Morais ◽  
Paulo A. Zaini ◽  
Sandeep Chakraborty ◽  
Hossein Gouran ◽  
Camila P. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Antimicrobial Protein ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease

Disease Resistance Against a Broad-Host-Range Pathogen

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. Jacobs ◽  
Caitilyn Allen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Broad Host Range ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease

The bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum causes major agricultural losses on many crop hosts worldwide. Resistance breeding is the best way to control bacterial wilt disease, but the biological basis for bacterial wilt resistance is unknown. We found that R. solanacearum uses an AvrE-family, Type III-secreted effector called PopS to overcome plant defenses and cause disease on tomato. Orthologs of PopS are widely conserved across distinct classes of plant pathogenic bacteria and could provide novel, durable targets for resistance. Accepted for publication 25 September 2013. Published 25 November 2013.

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