scholarly journals Stem Rust Resistance in A-Genome Diploid Relatives of Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Rouse ◽  
Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes

Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, has been effectively controlled through the use of genetic resistance. P. graminis f. sp. tritici race TTKSK (Ug99) possesses virulence to many resistance genes that have been used in wheat breeding worldwide. One strategy to aid breeders in developing resistant cultivars is to utilize resistance genes transferred from wild relatives to wheat. Stem rust resistance genes have previously been introgressed from Triticum monococcum to wheat. In order to identify additional resistance genes, we screened 1,061 accessions of T. monococcum and 205 accessions of T. urartu against race TTKSK and four additional P. graminis f. sp. tritici races: TTTTF, TRTTF, QFCSC, and MCCFC. A high frequency of the accessions (78.7% of T. monococcum and 93.0% of T. urartu) were resistant to P. graminis f. sp. tritici race TTKSK, with infection types ranging from 0 to 2+. Among these resistant accessions, 55 T. monococcum accessions (6.4% of the total) were also resistant to the other four races. Associations of resistance in T. monococcum germplasm to different races indicated the presence of genes conferring resistance to multiple races. Comparing the observed infection type patterns to the expected patterns of known genes indicated that previously uncharacterized genes for resistance to race TTKSK exist in both T. monococcum and T. urartu.

scholarly journals Mapping and characterization of wheat stem rust resistance genes SrTm5 and Sr60 from Triticum monococcum

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shisheng Chen ◽  
Yan Guo ◽  
Jordan Briggs ◽  
Felix Dubach ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Triticum Monococcum ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

scholarly journals Identification of stem rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars in China using molecular markers

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4882 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Xu ◽  
Depeng Yuan ◽  
Dandan Li ◽  
Yue Gao ◽  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn. (Pgt), is a major disease that has been effectively controlled using resistance genes. The appearance and spread of Pgt races such as Ug99, TKTTF, and TTTTF, which are virulent to most stem rust-resistant genes currently deployed in wheat breeding programs, renewed the interest in breeding cultivars resistant to wheat stem rust. It is therefore important to investigate the levels of resistance or vulnerability of wheat cultivars to Pgt races. Resistance to Pgt races 21C3CTHQM, 34MKGQM, and 34C3RTGQM was evaluated in 136 Chinese wheat cultivars at the seedling stage. A total of 124 cultivars (91.2%) were resistant to the three races. Resistance genes Sr2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, and Sr38 were analyzed using molecular markers closely linked to them, and 63 of the 136 wheat cultivars carried at least one of these genes: 21, 25, and 28 wheat cultivars likely carried Sr2, Sr31, and Sr38, respectively. Cultivars “Kehan 3” and “Jimai 22” likely carried Sr25. None of the cultivars carried Sr24 or Sr26. These cultivars with known stem rust resistance genes provide valuable genetic material for breeding resistant wheat cultivars.

scholarly journals Mapping and Characterization of a Wheat Stem Rust Resistance Gene in Durum Wheat “Kronos”

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongna Li ◽  
Lei Hua ◽  
Matthew N. Rouse ◽  
Tianya Li ◽  
Shuyong Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Or Gene

Wheat stem (or black) rust is one of the most devastating fungal diseases, threatening global wheat production. Identification, mapping, and deployment of effective resistance genes are critical to addressing this challenge. In this study, we mapped and characterized one stem rust resistance (Sr) gene from the tetraploid durum wheat variety Kronos (temporary designation SrKN). This gene was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 2B and confers resistance to multiple virulent Pgt races, such as TRTTF and BCCBC. Using a large mapping population (3,366 gametes), we mapped SrKN within a 0.29 cM region flanked by the sequenced-based markers pku4856F2R2 and pku4917F3R3, which corresponds to 5.6- and 7.2-Mb regions in the Svevo and Chinese Spring reference genomes, respectively. Both regions include a cluster of nucleotide binding leucine-repeat (NLR) genes that likely includes the candidate gene. An allelism test failed to detect recombination between SrKN and the previously mapped Sr9e gene. This result, together with the similar seedling resistance responses and resistance profiles, suggested that SrKN and Sr9e may represent the same gene. We introgressed SrKN into common wheat and developed completely linked markers to accelerate its deployment in the wheat breeding programs. SrKN can be a valuable component of transgenic cassettes or gene pyramids that includes multiple resistance genes to control this devastating disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation and identification of stem rust resistance genesSr2,Sr24,Sr25,Sr26,Sr31andSr38in wheat lines from Gansu Province in China

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e4146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Xu ◽  
Dan Dan Li ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Yue Gao ◽  
Zi Yuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Wheat stem rust, caused byPuccinia granimisf. sp.tritici, severely affects wheat production, but it has been effectively controlled in China since the 1970s. However, the appearance and spread of wheat stem rust races Ug99 (TTKSK, virulence toSr31), TKTTF (virulence toSrTmp) and TTTTF (virulence to the cultivars carryingSr9eandSr13) have received attention. It is important to clarify the effectiveness of resistance genes in a timely manner, especially for the purpose of using new resistance genes in wheat cultivars for durable-resistance. However, little is known about the stem rust resistance genes present in widely used wheat cultivars from Gansu. This study aimed to determine the resistance level at the seedling stage of the main wheat cultivars in Gansu Province. A secondary objective was to assess the prevalence ofSr2,Sr24,Sr25,Sr26,Sr31, andSr38using molecular markers. The results of the present study indicated that 38 (50.7%) wheat varieties displayed resistance to all the tested races ofPuccinia graminisf. sp.tritici.The molecular marker analysis showed that 13 out of 75 major wheat cultivars likely carriedSr2; 25 wheat cultivars likely carriedSr31; and nine wheat cultivars likely carriedSr38. No cultivar was found to haveSr25andSr26, as expected. Surprisingly, no wheat cultivars carriedSr24. The wheat lines with known stem rust resistance genes could be used as donor parent for further breeding programs.

scholarly journals Mapping of genes for leaf and stem rust resistance in bread wheat genotype Selection 212

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Omkar M. Limbalkar ◽  
J. B. Sharma ◽  
S. K. Jha ◽  
N. Mallick ◽  
M. Niranjana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Resistance genes for leaf and stem rusts in bread wheat line Selection212 are recessive in nature. Both leaf and stem rust resistance genes, named tentatively as LrSel212 and SrSel212, have been mapped to the short arm of chromosome 2B separated by genetic distance of 16.4 cM. Xwmc474 was the closest marker located between two genes, 5.6 cM proximal to LrSel212 and 10.8 cM distal to SrSel212. Leaf rust pathotype 77-5 is virulent to leaf rust resistance genes located on chromosome 2B viz., Lr13, Lr16, Lr23, Lr35 and Lr73, but avirulent to Selection212, suggesting that LrSel212 is distinct from these genes. Six stem rust resistance genes have been assigned to chromosome 2B viz., Sr19, Sr20, Sr23, Sr36, Sr39 and Sr40. Stem rust pathotype 40A used in genetic analysis was virulent to Sr19 and Sr20, but avirulent to Selection212; and the latter showed a significantly lower infection type in comparison to Sr39. Sr23 and Sr36 showed susceptibility to few other stem rust pathotypes to which Selection212 was resistant. While the response of Sr40 to Indian pathotypes of Pgt is not known, differences in the genetic distance and nature of inheritance between Selection212 and Sr40 indicate their distinct identity. However, test of allelism with Sr40 is required to confirm whether SrSel212 represents a different locus. Selection212 may be useful in broadening the genetic base of rust resistance in wheat.

scholarly journals Markers Linked to Wheat Stem Rust Resistance Gene Sr11 Effective to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Race TKTTF

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1352-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaveeramuthu Nirmala ◽  
Shiaoman Chao ◽  
Pablo Olivera ◽  
Ebrahiem M. Babiker ◽  
Bekele Abeyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Snp Markers ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines

Wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, can cause severe yield losses on susceptible wheat varieties and cultivars. Although stem rust can be controlled by the use of genetic resistance, population dynamics of P. graminis f. sp. tritici can frequently lead to defeat of wheat stem rust resistance genes. P. graminis f. sp. tritici race TKTTF caused a severe epidemic in Ethiopia on Ug99-resistant ‘Digalu’ in 2013 and 2014. The gene Sr11 confers resistance to race TKTTF and is present in ‘Gabo 56’. We identified seven single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers linked to Sr11 from a cross between Gabo 56 and ‘Chinese Spring’ exploiting a 90K Infinium iSelect Custom beadchip. Five SNP markers were validated on a ‘Berkut’/‘Scalavatis’ population that segregated for Sr11, using KBioscience competitive allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (KASP) assays. Two of the SNP markers, KASP_6BL_IWB10724 and KASP_6BL_IWB72471, were predictive of Sr11 among wheat genetic stocks, cultivars, and breeding lines from North America, Ethiopia, and Pakistan. These markers can be utilized to select for Sr11 in wheat breeding and to detect the presence of Sr11 in uncharacterized germplasm.

scholarly journals Races of Puccinia graminis Identified in the United States During 2003

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Jin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Graminis ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes

Stem rust of small grain cereals, caused by Puccinia graminis, is a major disease of wheat, barley, and oat. In order to effectively utilize stem rust resistance in the improvement of small grain cereals, it is necessary to monitor the virulence composition and dynamics in the stem rust population. Races of P. graminis from barberry, wheat, barley, and oat were surveyed across the United States during 2003. Aecial infections on barberry were primarily due to P. graminis f. sp. secalis, as inoculations using aeciospores failed to produce infection on wheat and oat. Race QFCS of P. graminis f. sp. tritici was the most common race identified from wheat and barley. Race QFCS has virulence on stem rust resistance genes Sr5, 8a, 9a, 9d, 9g, 10, 17, and 21 that are used for race identification. Race TTTT was identified in 2003. This race possesses virulence to all 16 stem rust resistance genes present in the wheat stem rust differentials and should be targeted in breeding for stem rust resistance. Race QFCN appeared to be a new race in the U.S. stem rust population. Races QCCJ and MCCF were identified, but at low frequencies. Seven races of P. graminis f. sp. avenae were identified from oat, and races NA-27, NA-29, and NA-67 were the predominant races. Race NA-76 was identified for the first time in the United States.

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