Occurrence of Puccinia polysora Causing Southern Corn Rust in the Northeast Huanghuaihai Region of China

AbstractSouthern corn rust (SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw is one of the most devastating maize diseases, resulting in substantial yield losses worldwide. The pathogen is an obligate biotrophic parasite that is difficult to culture on artificial media. In recent years, the disease has become prevalent—both globally and in China—and increasing difficult to control because of its wide distribution, long-distance migration, multiple physiological races and fast evolution, all of which have contributed to a considerable increase in the risks of associated epidemics. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of P. polysora, with emphasis on its global distribution (particularly in China), life and disease cycle, population genetics, migration, physiological races, resistance genes in maize and management. Understanding the underlying factors and processes in SCR epidemics should facilitate management of the disease and breeding for resistant maize varieties.

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Epidermal cell response to rust hyphae and the resistance mode of tropical maize to southern corn rust (Puccinia polysora underwood)

Journal of Plant Biology ◽

10.1007/bf03178817 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 392-397 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hee Chung Ji

Keyword(s):

Epidermal Cell ◽

Cell Response ◽

Tropical Maize ◽

Southern Corn Rust ◽

Puccinia Polysora

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De novo transcriptome assembly, polymorphic SSR markers development and population genetics analyses for southern corn rust (Puccinia polysora)

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-97556-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qiuyu Sun ◽

Jie Liu ◽

Keyu Zhang ◽

Chong Huang ◽

Leifu Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ssr Markers ◽

De Novo ◽

Average Length ◽

Transcriptome Assembly ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Genotypic Diversity ◽

Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽

Significant Similarity ◽

Southern Corn Rust ◽

Puccinia Polysora

AbstractSouthern corn rust is a destructive maize disease caused by Puccinia polysora Underw that can lead to severe yield losses. However, genomic information and microsatellite markers are currently unavailable for this disease. In this study, we generated a total of 27,295,216 high-quality cDNA sequence reads using Illumina sequencing technology. These reads were assembled into 17,496 unigenes with an average length of 1015 bp. The functional annotation indicated that 8113 (46.37%), 1933 (11.04%) and 5516 (31.52%) unigenes showed significant similarity to known proteins in the NCBI Nr, Nt and Swiss-Prot databases, respectively. In addition, 2921 (16.70%) unigenes were assigned to KEGG database categories; 4218 (24.11%), to KOG database categories; and 6,603 (37.74%), to GO database categories. Furthermore, we identified 8,798 potential SSRs among 6653 unigenes. A total of 9 polymorphic SSR markers were developed to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure of 96 isolates collected from Guangdong Province in China. Clonal reproduction of P. polysora in Guangdong was dominant. The YJ (Yangjiang) population had the highest genotypic diversity and the greatest number of the multilocus genotypes, followed by the HY (Heyuan), HZ (Huizhou) and XY (Xinyi) populations. These results provide valuable information for the molecular genetic analysis of P. polysora and related species.

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First report of the southern corn rust pathogen Puccinia polysora on Zea mays in North Dakota

Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology ◽

10.1080/07060661.2021.1982012 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jessica Halvorson ◽

Yongjae Kim ◽

Upinder Gill ◽

Andrew Friskop

Keyword(s):

Zea Mays ◽

North Dakota ◽

First Report ◽

Southern Corn Rust ◽

Rust Pathogen ◽

Puccinia Polysora

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Capacidade de combinação e heterose para resistência a Puccinia polysora Underw. em milho

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162001000400020 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 777-783 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Herberte Pereira da Silva ◽

Mauricio Pires Machado Barbosa ◽

Luciano Lourenço Nass ◽

Luis Eduardo Aranha Camargo

Keyword(s):

Puccinia Polysora

A resistência genética é o método mais eficiente de controle das doenças foliares da cultura do milho. Para avaliar a capacidade específica e geral de combinação (CEC e CGC, respectivamente) e heterose para resistência a Puccinia polysora, nove linhagens e seus 36 híbridos F1 foram utilizados em experimentos conduzidos em três ambientes. A severidade da doença foi avaliada na planta inteira (PI) e na folha posicionada no ponto de inserção da espiga principal (AFA). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com três repetições e a parcela experimental foi representada por uma fileira de 5 m de comprimento. A análise da variância para as reações a ferrugem polissora foram feitas usando a análise II do método de Gardner & Eberhart, associado ao método 4, modelo I de Griffing. A análise dialélica em diferentes ambientes mostrou efeitos altamente significativos (P<0,01) entre ambientes (E), CGC e CGC x E, para os dois métodos de avaliação. O efeito de CEC foi significativo para PI mas não significativo para AFA. A interação CEC x E não foi significativa para os dois métodos de avaliação. A CGC foi mais importante que CEC nas nove linhagens avaliadas, sugerindo que efeitos genéticos aditivos são mais importantes como fonte de variação para resistência a P. polysora. Foram encontrados efeitos heteróticos para resistência tanto em cruzamentos entre linhagens resistentes como entre suscetíveis, embora nestes últimos os efeitos tenham sido maiores. Identificaram-se combinações híbridas específicas entre linhagens com alto potencial para o controle genético deste patógeno.

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Penampilan Varietas Jagung Unggul Baru Bermutu Protein Tinggi di Jawa dan Bali

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v10n2.2004.p49-55 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 49 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Muhammad Azrai

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Yield Components ◽

Future Prospect ◽

Block Design ◽

Quality Protein Maize ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Puccinia Polysora ◽

Ear Height ◽

Biomass Plant

AbstractStudy on the performance of two quality protein maize (QPM) varieties (Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1) plus two Indonesian open pollinated varieties (Bayu and Lamuru) was conducted at seven environments in Java and Bali. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Each variety was grown in a four-row plot with 5 m length, 75cm apart and 25 cm within row spacing and one plant per hill. Observations were made on yield, biomass, plant height, ear height, flowering dates, yield components, plant and ear aspect, husk cover, diseases incidence of Puccinia polysora and Helminthossporium maydis, protein contains, lysine, and tryptophan-amino acids contains. In general, Srikandi Putih-1 and Srikandi Kuning-1 varieties had a good adaptations under all environments. They contained nearly twice the lysine and tryptophan-amino acids compared to Bayu and Lamuru varieties. Therefore, they have future prospect for the development of protein synthesis in humans and monogastric animals.AbstrakPenelitian penampilan varietas jagung unggul baru bermutu protein tinggi (Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1) dan dua varietas unggul nasional (Bayu dan Lamuru) telah dilaksanakan pada tujuh lokasi di Jawa dan Bali pada tahun 2003 sampai 2004. Penelitian ditata dalam percobaan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Setiap varietas ditanam pada petakan empat baris, panjang 5 m, jarak antar baris 75 cm, jarak dalam barisan 25 cm, dan ditumbuhkan satu tanaman per rumpun. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap hasil biji, biomas segar, tinggi tanaman, panjang tongkol, umur berbunga, komponen hasil, skor penampilan tanaman, penutupan kelobot, penyakit karat dan hawar daun, serta kandungan protein kasar, asam amino lisin, dan triptofan. Secara umum varietas Srikandi Putih-1 dan Srikandi Kuning-1 dapat beradaptasi baik pada semua lingkungan. Selain itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai kandungan lisin dan triptofan hampir dua kali lipat dibandingkan dengan varietas Bayu dan Lamuru. Oleh karena itu, kedua varietas tersebut mempunyai prospek untuk dikembangkan sebagai sintesis protein pada ternak monogastrik dan manusia.

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Quantitative resistance loci to southern rust mapped in a temperate maize diversity panel

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-04-21-0160-r ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guangchao Sun ◽

Ravi V. Mural ◽

Jonathan D. Turkus ◽

James C. Schnable

Keyword(s):

Disease Severity ◽

Quantitative Resistance ◽

Association Studies ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Genome Wide Association Studies ◽

Maize Germplasm ◽

Photosynthetic Productivity ◽

Maize Diversity ◽

Puccinia Polysora ◽

Candidate Loci

Southern rust is a severe foliar disease of maize (Zea mays) resulting from infection with the obligate biotrophic fungus Puccinia polysora. This disease reduces photosynthetic productivity, which in turn reduces yields, with the greatest yield losses (up to 50%) associated with earlier onset infections. P. polysora urediniospores overwinter only in tropical and subtropical regions but cause outbreaks when environmental conditions favor initial infection. Increased temperatures and humidity during the growing season combined with an increased frequency of moderate winters are likely to increase the frequency of severe southern rust outbreaks in the US corn belt. In summer 2020, a severe outbreak of southern rust was observed in eastern Nebraska (NE), USA. We scored a replicated maize association panel planted in Lincoln, NE for disease severity and found that disease incidence and severity showed significant variation among maize genotypes. Genome-wide association studies identified four loci associated with significant quantitative variation in disease severity. These loci were associated with candidate genes with plausible links to quantitative disease resistance. A transcriptome-wide association study identified additional genes associated with disease severity. Together, these results indicate that substantial diversity in resistance to southern rust exists among current temperate-adapted maize germplasm, including several candidate loci that may explain the observed variation in resistance to southern rust.

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