scholarly journals Identification of Tobacco streak virus in Cranberry and the Association of TSV with Berry Scarring

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Wells-Hansen ◽  
J. J. Polashock ◽  
N. Vorsa ◽  
B. E. L. Lockhart ◽  
P. S. McManus
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis

Cranberry plants bearing disfigured, scarred fruit were reported by growers in the major cranberry-growing region of central Wisconsin in July 2012. Plants bearing scarred fruit have since been observed in Massachusetts and New Jersey. Three complementary methods provided evidence of Tobacco streak virus (TSV) in symptomatic plants: (i) leaves and scarred berries tested positive for TSV by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; (ii) quasi-isometric particles approximately 33 nm in diameter were extracted from leaves of symptomatic plants and visualized using transmission electron microscopy; and (iii) coat protein gene sequence analysis revealed 94 to 99% nucleotide similarity with reference TSV sequences. In newer cultivars, 99% of uprights with scarred berries tested positive for TSV. In older cultivars, 31% of uprights with scarred berries tested positive for TSV and the remaining 69% of uprights with scarred berries tested positive for Blueberry shock virus. TSV overwintered in cranberry plants, and leaves, pollen, and fruit tested positive for TSV the year following symptom occurrence. Attempts to inoculate cranberry using infected pollen or sap as inoculum failed, but several herbaceous hosts tested TSV positive following mechanical inoculation. Phylogenetic analysis of the coat protein gene of 26 TSV isolates from various cultivars of cranberry in Wisconsin, New Jersey, and Massachusetts revealed diversity. This work provides information that will be useful in understanding the epidemiology of TSV in cranberry and in the development of management strategies.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization Coat Protein Gene of Tobacco streak virus Causing Peanut Stem Necrosis Disease in Coastal and Rayalaseema Districts of Andhra Pradesh, South-India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Saratbabu ◽  
K. Vemana ◽  
A.K. Patibanda ◽  
B. Sreekanth ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Tobacco Streak Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Stem Necrosis

Background: Peanut stem necrosis disease (PSND) caused by Tobacco streak virus (TSV) is a major constraint for groundnut production in Andhra Pradesh (A.P.). However, studies on prevalence and spread of the disease confined to only few districts of A.P. with this background current study focused on incidence and spread of the disease in entire state of A.P. Further an isolate of TSV occurring in A.P. characterized on the basis of genetic features by comparing with other TSV isolates originated from different hosts and locations from world.Methods: Roving survey was conducted during kharif 2017-18 in groundnut growing districts of Andhra Pradesh (A.P.) for peanut stem necrosis disease incidence. Groundnut plants showing PSND symptoms were collected and tested with direct antigen coating enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA). Groundnut samples found positive by ELISA once again tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The representative TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate from Prakasham district was maintained on cowpea seedlings by standard sap inoculation method in glasshouse for further molecular characterization. The Phylogenetic tree for coat protein (CP) gene was constructed using aligned sequences with 1000 bootstrap replicates following neighbor-joining phylogeny.Result: Thirty-eight (52.7%) of seventy-two groundnut samples collected from different locations in A.P were given positive reaction to TSV by DAC-ELISA. For the first time, PSND incidence observed in coastal districts (Krishna, Guntur, Sri Pottisriramulu Nellore, Prakasham) of A.P. Maximum PSND incidence recorded from Bathalapalli (22.2%) and the minimum incidence in Mulakalacheruvu (4.1%). The coat protein (CP) gene of TSV-GN-INDVP groundnut isolate was amplified by RT-PCR and it shared maximum per cent nucleotide identity (97.51-98.62%) with TSV isolates from groundnut and other different crops reported in India. All Indian isolates cluster together irrespective of crop and location based on the phylogenetic analysis.

scholarly journals First Report of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus in Rubus multibracteatus from China

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Chamberlain ◽  
J. Kraus ◽  
P. D. Kohnen ◽  
C. E. Finn ◽  
R. R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Dwarf Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Black Raspberry ◽  
First Report ◽  
Raspberry Bushy Dwarf Virus ◽  
Plant Pathol

Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV), genus Idaeovirus, has been reported in commercial Rubus spp. from North and South America, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. Infection can cause reduced vigor and drupelet abortion leading to crumbly fruit and reduced yields (3,4). In recent years, Rubus germplasm in the form of seed, was obtained on several collection trips to The People's Republic of China to increase the diversity of Rubus spp. in the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository, (Corvallis, OR). Before planting in the field, seedlings were tested for the presence of RBDV, Tomato ringspot virus, and Tobacco streak virus using triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) (antiserum produced by R. R. Martin). One symptomless plant of R. multibracteatus H. Lev. & Vaniot (PI 618457 in USDA-ARS GRIN database), from Guizhou province in China, tested positive for RBDV (RBDV-China). After mechanical transmission on Chenopodium quinoa Willd., this isolate produced typical symptoms of RBDV (3). To determine if RBDV-China was a contaminant during the handling of the plants, or if the source was a seedborne virus, the coat protein gene was sequenced and compared to published sequences of RBDV. RNA was extracted from leaves of R. multibracteatus and subjected to reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using primers that flank the coat protein gene. Products from four separate PCR reactions were sequenced directly or were cloned into the plasmid vector pCR 2.1 (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) and then sequenced. The coding sequence of the coat protein gene of RBDV-China was 87.5% (722/825) identical to that isolated from black raspberry (Genbank Accession No. s55890). The predicted amino acid sequences were 91.6% (251/274) identical. Previously, a maximum of five amino acid differences had been observed in the coat proteins of different RBDV strains (1). The 23 differences observed between RBDV-China and the isolate from black raspberry (s55890) confirm that the RBDV in R. multibracteatus is not a greenhouse contaminant but is indeed a unique strain of RBDV. In addition, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to RBDV (2) were tested against RBDV-China. In these tests, MAb D1 did not detect RBDV-China, whereas MAb R2 and R5 were able to detect the strain. This is the first strain of RBDV that has been clearly differentiated by MAbs using standard TAS-ELISA tests. Although RBDV is common in commercial Rubus spp. worldwide, to our knowledge, this is the first report of RBDV in R. multibracteatus, and the first report of RBDV from China. The effects of this new strain of RBDV could be more or less severe, or have a different host range than previously studied strains. It is more divergent from the type isolate than any other strain that has been studied to date. Phylogenetic analysis of coat protein genes of RBDV may be useful in understanding the evolution and spread of this virus. References: (1) A. T. Jones et al. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 106:623, 2000. (2) R. R. Martin. Can. J. Plant. Pathol. 6:264, 1984. (3) A. F. Murant. Raspberry Bushy Dwarf. Page 229 in: Virus Diseases of Small Fruits. R. H. Converse, ed. U.S. Dep. Agric. Agric. Handb. 631, 1987. (4) B. Strik and R. R. Martin. Plant Dis. 87:294, 2003.

scholarly journals First Report of Cherry virus A and Little cherry virus-1 in Poland

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (8) ◽  
pp. 909-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Komorowska ◽  
M. Cieślińska
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Mottle Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report ◽  
Primer Sets

Cherry virus A (CVA), a member of the genus Capillovirus, has been reported in sweet cherry in Germany, Canada, and Great Britain. No data are available on the effects of CVA on fruit quality and yield of infected trees. Little cherry disease (LChD) occurs in most cherry growing areas of the world. Symptoms on sensitive cultivars include discolored fruit that remain small, pointed in shape, and tasteless. Three Closterovirus spp. associated with LChD have been described (Little cherry virus-1 [LChV-1], LChV-2, and LChV-3). Diseased local and commercial cultivars of sour cherry trees were found in a Prunus sp. germplasm collection and orchards in Poland during the 2003 growing season. The foliar symptoms included irregular, chlorotic mottling, distortion, and premature falling of leaves. Some of the diseased trees developed rosette as a result of decreased growth and shortened internodes. Severely infected branches exhibited dieback symptoms. Because the symptoms were suggestive of a possible virus infection, leaf samples were collected from 38 trees and assayed for Prune dwarf virus and Prunus necrotic ringspot virus using double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). RNA extracted from leaves was used in a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with the One-Step RT-PCR with Platinum Taq (Invitrogen Life Technologies) and primer sets specific for CVA (1), LChV-1 (3), and LChV-2 (3). The RNA samples were also tested using RT-PCR for detection of Cherry mottle leaf virus (CMLV), Cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus (CNRMV), and Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV) with specific primer sets (2). Amplification of a 397-bp coat protein gene product confirmed infection of 15 trees with CVA. A 419-bp fragment corresponding to the coat protein gene of LChV-1 was amplified from cv. Gisela rootstock and local cv. WVIII/1. To confirm RT-PCR results, CVA amplification products from local cv. WX/5 and LChV-1 from cvs. Gisela and WVIII/1 were cloned in bacterial vector pCR 2.1-TOPO and then sequenced. The sequences were analyzed with the Lasergene (DNASTAR, Madison, WI) computer program. The alignment indicated that the nucleotide sequence of cv. WX/5 was closely related to the published sequences of CVA (Genbank Accession No. NC_003689) and had an 89% homology to the corresponding region. The nucleotide sequence similarity between the 419-bp fragment obtained from cvs. Gisela and WVIII/1 was 87% and 91%, respectively, compared with the reference isolate of LChV-1 (Genbank Accession No. NC_001836). The sampled trees tested negative for LChV-2, CGRMV, CMLV, and CNRMV using RT-PCR. Some trees tested positive for PNRSV and PDV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CVA and LChV-1 in Poland. References: (1) D. James and W. Jelkmann. Acta Hortic. 472:299, 1998. (2) M. E. Rott and W. Jelkmann. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 107:411,2001. (3) M. E. Rott and W. Jelkmann. Phytopathology. 91:61, 2001.

scholarly journals Detection and Confirmation of Potato mop-top virus in Potatoes Produced in the United States and Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Xu ◽  
T.-L. DeHaan ◽  
S. H. De Boer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
The North ◽  
Potato Mop Top Virus ◽  
Pcr Targeting

Potato mop-top virus (PMTV) was detected in potatoes grown in the United States and Canada during surveillance testing by a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the coat protein gene in RNA3. Out of 3,221 lots of seed and ware potatoes that were tested, 4.3% were positive for PMTV. The reliability of the survey results was confirmed by reextraction of selected samples and additional RT-PCR tests using two primer sets targeting gene segments in RNA2 and RNA3. Amplicons generated from RNA2 and RNA3 were identified by analysis of fragment length polymorphisms after digestion with BamHI and HindIII, respectively. PMTV was further identified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, bioassay on Nicotiana debneyi, and transmission electron microscopy. Sequencing of a portion of the coat protein gene revealed near 100% identity among isolates from the United States and Canada and >97% homology of the North American isolates with European isolates.

scholarly journals Bidirectional transcription of maize streak virus DNA and identification of the coat protein gene

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 7237-7256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bret A.M. Morris-Krsinich ◽  
Philip M. Mullineaux ◽  
Jonathan Donson ◽  
Margaret I. Boulton ◽  
Peter G. Markham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Maize Streak Virus ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
Bidirectional Transcription

scholarly journals Survey for the Three Major Leafroll Disease-Associated Viruses in Finger Lakes Vineyards in New York

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fuchs ◽  
T. E. Martinson ◽  
G. M. Loeb ◽  
H. C. Hoch
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Coat Protein ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Finger Lakes ◽  
Leafroll Disease ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Reference Strains

Vineyards in the Finger Lakes region in New York were surveyed for the three major viruses associated with leafroll disease, i.e., Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1), Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 2 (GLRaV-2), and Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 (GLRaV-3). Target viruses were detected in nearly two-thirds (68%, 65 of 95) of the vineyard blocks surveyed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Single infections by GLRaV-1, GLRaV-2, and GLRaV-3 occurred in 10% (113 of 1,124), 3% (36 of 1,124), and 15% (173 of 1,124) of the samples tested, respectively, whereas mixed infections affected 3.6% (40 of 1,124) of them, essentially with GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3 (2.5%, 28 of 1,124). Presence of the target viruses was confirmed in selected samples by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. Comparative analysis indicated moderate to high nucleotide sequence identities in the second diverged copy of the GLRaV-1 coat protein gene (81.0 to 86.7%), GLRaV-2 coat protein gene (87.6 to 99.2%), and GLRaV-3 heat shock protein 70 homologue gene (91.5 to 98.3%) of New York isolates with corresponding virus reference strains. The prevalence of the three major leafroll disease-associated viruses in Finger Lakes vineyards results likely from poor sanitary status of planting materials, stressing the need to reinstate a certification program in New York.

scholarly journals Isolation and Molecular Characterization of a Chilean Isolate of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (6) ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Prieto ◽  
A. Bruna ◽  
P. Hinrichsen ◽  
C. Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Zucchini Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Yellow Mosaic Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sequence Comparisons ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Chilean Isolate

Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) was described in 1981 affecting squash, melon, and other cultivated cucurbits with severe stunting and yellowing symptoms. It was reported to be present in most countries where cucurbits are grown, and in Chile since 1995, from surveys using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) but without further characterization. A potyvirus was isolated from ELISA-positive symptomatic plants. The results indicate that this virus is ZYMV based on symptoms on herbaceous indicators, immunospecific electron microscopy of the purified particle, and sequencing of 395 bases of the 3′ end of the coat protein gene. The virus was detected in melon, watermelon, and squash plants. In agreement with previous descriptions for ZYMV, the Chilean isolate is a flexuous filamentous particle 740 nm long with one main protein of approximately 36 kDa. Nucleotide sequence comparisons of the 3′ portion of the coat protein gene revealed a high similarity to the Connecticut and California strains.

scholarly journals First Report of Turnip mosaic virus in Rhubarb in Alaska

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. L. Robertson ◽  
D. C. Ianson
Keyword(s):  
Coat Protein ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Coat Protein Gene ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
First Report

In July 2003, noticeable red lesions were observed on rhubarb leaves (Rheum rhababarum cv. Kerwin) from a plant at the Arctic Plant Germplasm Research and Introduction Project in Palmer, AK. Extracts of leaf tissue tested positive for a potyvirus using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blots with a monoclonal antibody specific to the potyvirus group (Agdia, Inc., Elkhart, IN). During the following growing season (June 2004), obvious chlorotic ringspots developed into red lesions on the same plant and an adjacent plant of the same cultivar. Partially purified particles that were isolated from the infected rhubarb plants were mechanically inoculated to an experimental host range (number of infected plants per total number of plants), resulting in lesions on leaves of Rheum palmatum (1 of 2) and Chenopodium amaranticolor (3 of 5) but none on C. quinoa (0 of 4). The leaves with local lesions from C. amaranticolor were ground in phosphate buffer (1 g of tissue per 10 ml of buffer), and the extract rubbed onto a set of plants resulting in lesions on R. hybridum (raponticum) (1 of 2), C. amaranticolor (1 of 4), and C. quinoa (1 of 4). The original diseased rhubarb plants and experimental symptomatic plants were confirmed to have a potyvirus using ELISA. Subsequent compound direct ELISA and western blot assays revealed that the virus reacted strongly to monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) (Agdia, Inc.). Total RNA was extracted from leaves of the naturally infected rhubarb plants with an RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen Sciences, Germantown, Maryland), and used in reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with specific primers for TuMV (1) predicted to amplify a 1,134-bp 3′-terminal cDNA fragment encompassing the 3′-end of the nuclear inclusion protein gene (NIb), the coat protein gene, and the 3′-nontranslated region. A PCR product of approximately the expected size was obtained and then sequenced. Sequences (1,077 nt) that corresponded to the TuMV coat protein gene and 3′-terminal noncoding region were submitted to Genbank (Accession No. AY744930). Blast searches against NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) contained high identities to many TuMV isolates with up to 96% (1,043 of 1,077) nucleotide identity (i.e., GenBank Accession No. AF169561). Similar high identities of up to 97% at the amino acid level occurred within the coat protein coding region (i.e., GenBank Accession No. BAC02892.1). Infected rhubarb plants were removed from the site and none of the remaining 109 plants tested positive for TuMV using ELISA. On the basis of the mechanical transmission to plant hosts, the definitive TuMV serology, and the consensus of sequenced regions with TuMV, we concluded that the causal agent of the diseased rhubarb plants was TuMV. Although TuMV has a wide plant host range occurring worldwide (2), to our knowledge, this is the first report of TuMV in rhubarb in Alaska and the first time that TuMV has been detected in Alaska. References: (1) P. Lehmann et al. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 51:195, 1997. (2) R. Provvidenti. Page 1340 in: Viruses of Plants. A. A. Brunt et al., eds. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1996.

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