scholarly journals Characterization of Diaporthe australafricana and Diaporthe spp. Associated with Stem Canker of Blueberry in Chile

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 1042-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Elfar ◽  
René Torres ◽  
Gonzalo A. Díaz ◽  
Bernardo A. Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Type Strains ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 ◽  
Highly Virulent ◽  
Study Species

Stem canker and dieback are important factors that limit the longevity and reduce the yield of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) in Chile. In this study, species of Diaporthe associated with blueberry were isolated and identified. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of ribosomal DNA of 30 isolates and the translation elongation factor 1-α (EF1-α) of 14 isolates were sequenced, analyzed, and compared with their morphological and pathological characteristics. The molecular analysis of ITS sequences by alignment with those of ex-type strains deposited in GenBank and morphological characteristics allowed the identification of Diaporthe ambigua, D. australafricana, D. neotheicola, D. passiflorae, and Diaporthe sp. 1. However, morphology alone was insufficient to identify these species. The combined analysis of ITS and EF1-α gene sequences grouped the Chilean blueberry isolates in the same five groups obtained in the ITS analysis. Pathogenicity tests conducted with attached and detached blueberry shoots (<1 year old) and stems (1 to 2 years old) confirmed that isolates of these Diaporthe spp. were pathogenic. The symptoms were reproducible and consisted of necrotic reddish-brown cankers on blueberry shoots and stems. These isolates were capable of infecting blueberry fruit, causing a soft decay, suggesting that they were tissue nonspecific and were also pathogenic on shoots of apple, grapevine, and pear. D. australafricana was the most frequently isolated species and D. ambigua, D. australafricana, and D. passiflorae were highly virulent in shoots, stems, and fruit of blueberry. This study showed that at least four species of Diaporthe are primary pathogens, capable of causing stem canker symptoms on blueberry, and this is the first report of D. ambigua, D. neotheicola, and D. passiflorae attacking this host.

Six Species of Diaporthe Associated with Phomopsis Stem Canker of Sunflower in Southern Pampean Region of Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Zambelli ◽  
María F. Mancebo ◽  
María E. Bazzalo ◽  
Roberto J. Reid ◽  
María C. Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Fungal Isolation ◽  
Pampean Region ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

A survey of 67 commercial fields in 19 locations was conducted in the southern Pampean region of Argentina for Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) between 2014 and 2019. A total of 210 plants having typical symptoms of Phomopsis stem canker were randomly sampled, and fungal isolation was performed. Of the 187 isolates of Diaporthe that were recovered, 94% of the isolates showed morphological characteristics similar to D. helianthi, 3% to D. gulyae, 1% to D. caulivora, 1% to D. sojae, 0.5% to D. kongii, and 0.5% to D. longicolla. Following morphological characterization, the identity of the six morpho-species was confirmed by phylogenetic analyses of β-tubulin, translation elongation factor 1-α, and internal transcribed spacer gene regions. Koch’s postulates were completed for the six fungi by inoculating one susceptible sunflower hybrid with one isolate each of the six species of Diaporthe using the stem-wound inoculation method. Seven days postinoculation, significant differences in disease severity were observed between the six isolates (P < 0.0001), with D. helianthi and D. gulyae isolates causing significantly greater disease severity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D. kongii, D. longicolla, D. caulivora, and D. sojae associated with Phomopsis stem canker of sunflower in Argentina.

scholarly journals Survey, Identification, and Characterization of Cylindrocarpon-Like Asexual Morphs in Spanish Forest Nurseries

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (11) ◽  
pp. 2083-2100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Mora-Sala ◽  
Ana Cabral ◽  
Maela León ◽  
Carlos Agustí-Brisach ◽  
Josep Armengol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Asexual Morphs ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Cylindrocarpon-like asexual morphs infect herbaceous and woody plants, mainly in agricultural scenarios, but also in forestry systems. The aim of the present study was to characterize a collection of Cylindrocarpon-like isolates recovered from the roots of a broad range of forest hosts from nurseries showing decline by morphological and molecular studies. Between 2009 and 2012, 17 forest nurseries in Spain were surveyed and a total of 103 Cylindrocarpon-like isolates were obtained. Isolates were identified based on DNA sequences of the partial gene regions histone H3 (his3). For the new species, the internal transcribed spacer and intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS) region, β-tubulin (tub2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) were also used to determine their phylogenetic position. Twelve species belonging to the genera Cylindrodendrum, Dactylonectria, and Ilyonectria were identified from damaged roots of 15 different host genera. The species C. alicantinum, D. macrodidyma, D. novozelandica, D. pauciseptata, D. pinicola, D. torresensis, I. capensis, I. cyclaminicola, I. liriodendri, I. pseudodestructans, I. robusta, and I. rufa were identified. In addition, two Dactylonectria species (D. hispanica sp. nov. and D. valentina sp. nov.), one Ilyonectria species (I. ilicicola sp. nov.), and one Neonectria species (N. quercicola sp. nov.) are newly described. The present study demonstrates the prevalence of this fungal group associated with seedlings of diverse hosts showing decline symptoms in forest nurseries in Spain.

scholarly journals Bambusicolous Arthrinium Species in Guangdong Province, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indunil C. Senanayake ◽  
Jayarama D. Bhat ◽  
Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon ◽  
Ning Xie
Keyword(s):  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Guangdong Province ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Bambusicolous Fungi ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

A survey of bambusicolous fungi in Bijiashan Mountain Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, revealed several Arthrinium-like taxa from dead sheaths, twigs, and clumps of Bambusa species. Phylogenetic relationships were investigated based on morphology and combined analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), beta tubulin (β-tubulin), and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef 1-α) gene sequences. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic data, Arthrinium acutiapicum sp. nov. and Arthrinium pseudorasikravindrae sp. nov. are introduced herein with descriptions and illustrations. Additionally, two new locality records of Arthrinium bambusae and Arthrinium guizhouense are described and illustrated.

scholarly journals Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria Species Causing Black Foot Disease of Andean Blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in Ecuador

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Sánchez ◽  
Paola Iturralde ◽  
Alma Koch ◽  
Cristina Tello ◽  
Dennis Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Histone 3 ◽  
Dactylonectria Torresensis ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Foot Disease ◽  
Black Foot ◽  
Black Foot Disease

Andean blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth) plants from the provinces of Tungurahua and Bolivar (Ecuador) started showing symptoms of black foot disease since 2010. Wilted plants were sampled in both provinces from 2014 to 2017, and fungal isolates were obtained from tissues surrounding necrotic lesions in the cortex of the roots and crown. Based on morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing of histone 3 and the translation elongation factor 1α gene, isolates were identified as one of seven species, Ilyonectria vredehoekensis, Ilyonectria robusta, Ilyonectria venezuelensis, Ilyonectria europaea, Dactylonectria torresensis, or Dactylonectria novozelandica. Pathogenicity tests with isolates from each species, excluding I. europaea and D. novozelandica whose isolates were lost due to contamination, confirmed that the four species tested can produce black foot disease symptoms in Andean blackberry. This is the first report of Dactylonectria and Ilyonectria species causing black foot disease of Andean blackberry.

scholarly journals Characterization of Botryosphaeriaceae Species as Causal Agents of Trunk Diseases on Grapevines

Plant Disease ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1678-1688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Carlucci ◽  
Francesca Cibelli ◽  
Francesco Lops ◽  
Maria Luisa Raimondo
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Neofusicoccum Parvum ◽  
Grapevine Trunk Diseases ◽  
General Decline ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Trunk Diseases ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Botryosphaeriaceae spp. have a cosmopolitan distribution and a wide range of plant hosts. Over the last 15 years, worldwide, 21 species of this family have been associated with grapevine trunk diseases that cause cankers and dieback on grapevines. Here, we surveyed vineyards of Vitis vinifera ‘Lambrusco’, ‘Sangiovese’, and ‘Montepulciano’ in three areas of the Foggia province (Cerignola, Foggia, and San Severo) in southern Italy. Wood samples from grapevines showing general decline, dieback, cankers, and wood and foliar discoloration yielded 344 fungal isolates identified as Botryosphaeriaceae spp. A phylogenetic study combining internal transcribed spacer and translation elongation factor 1-α sequences of 60 representative isolates identified nine botryosphaeriaceous species: Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia corticola, D. mutila, D. seriata, Dothiorella iberica, Do. sarmentorum, Lasiodiplodia citricola, L. theobromae, and Neofusicoccum parvum. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that all nine species cause canker and dieback of grapevines. However, this is the first report of L. citricola as causal agent of wood cankers and dieback of grapevine. To date, including L. citricola, there are 25 botryosphaeriaceous species associated with V. vinifera worldwide, of which 12 have been reported for grapevines in Italy.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analyses of Lophodermella needle pathogens (Rhytismataceae) on Pinus species in the USA and Europe

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11435
Author(s):  
Jessa P. Ata ◽  
Kelly S. Burns ◽  
Suzanne Marchetti ◽  
Isabel A. Munck ◽  
Ludwig Beenken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
Elongation Factor 1 Alpha ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Phylogenetic Resolution ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Increasing prevalence of conifer needle pathogens globally have prompted further studies on pathogen identification and a better understanding of phylogenetic relationships among needle pathogens. Several Lophodermella species can be aggressive pathogens causing needle cast in natural pine forests in the USA and Europe. However, their relationships with other Rhytismataceae species have historically been based on similarities of only limited phenotypic characters. Currently, no molecular studies have been completed to elucidate their relationships with other Lophodermella needle pathogens. This study collected and sequenced three gene loci, namely: internal transcribed spacer, large ribosomal subunit, and translation elongation factor 1-alpha, from five Lophodermella needle pathogens from North America (L. arcuata, L. concolor, L. montivaga) and Europe (L. conjuncta and L. sulcigena) to distinguish phylogeny within Rhytismatacaeae, including Lophophacidium dooksii. Phylogenetic analyses of the three loci revealed that all but L. conjuncta that were sampled in this study consistently clustered in a well-supported clade within Rhytismataceae. The multi-gene phylogeny also confirmed consistent nesting of L. dooksii, a needle pathogen of Pinus strobus, within the clade. Potential synapomorphic characters such as ascomata position and ascospore shape for the distinct clade were also explored. Further, a rhytismataceous species on P. flexilis that was morphologically identified as L. arcuata was found to be unique based on the sequences at the three loci. This study suggests a potential wider range of host species within the genus and the need for genetic characterization of other Lophodermella and Lophophacidium species to provide a higher phylogenetic resolution.

scholarly journals First Report of Dieback Caused by Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae on Ormosia pinnata in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 2551-2555
Author(s):  
Luoye Li ◽  
Mengying Lei ◽  
Honghong Wang ◽  
Xiaozhu Yang ◽  
Mebeaselassie Andargie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Type I ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Landscape Trees ◽  
Eventual Death ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Rdna ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor 1Α

Ormosia pinnata (Lour.) Merr. is an important tree used for landscape and plant recovery of barren slopes in China. During an investigation of plant disease on landscape trees in 2018, a dieback was observed on O. pinnata trees in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Symptoms were characterized by initial dryness of the twigs and eventual death of the whole branch of the tree. Isolations from symptomatic branches yielded 13 isolates including two main morphotypes. Pathogenicity tests showed that isolate GDOP1 from Type I caused dieback of O. pinnata. Based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of the internal transcribed spacer rDNA (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2) and partial sequence of the translation elongation factor 1α (EF1-α), the fungus causing dieback on O. pinnata was identified as Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. This is the first report of L. pseudotheobromae infecting O. pinnata in the world.

scholarly journals Phylogeny, Morphology, Distribution, and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthaceae from English Walnut in California

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 636-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
ShuaiFei Chen ◽  
David P. Morgan ◽  
Janine K. Hasey ◽  
Kathleen Anderson ◽  
Themis J. Michailides
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Stem Canker ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Dna Sequence Data ◽  
English Walnut ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Species of family Botryosphaeriaceae and genus Diaporthe (anamorph: genus Phomopsis, family Diaporthaceae) were reported and caused diseases on various fruit and nut trees in California. In the last several years, diseases on English walnut (Juglans regia) caused by species of Botryosphaeriaceae and Diaporthe were observed frequently in California. Disease symptoms include stem canker; shoot canker and blight; twig, leaf, and fruit blight; and necrotic leaf lesions. Isolates of the pathogen were collected from English walnut in 13 counties in California. The aims of this study were to identify these isolates and to test their pathogenicity to English walnut cultivars. In total, 159 California isolates were identified based on comparisons of DNA sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer, translation elongation factor 1-α, and β-tubulin gene regions, and combined with the morphological features of the cultures and conidia. Research results revealed that isolates represent 10 species of Botryosphaeriaceae and two species of Diaporthe. These species include Botryosphaeria dothidea, Diplodia mutila, D. seriata, Dothiorella iberica, Lasiodiplodia citricola, Neofusicoccum mediterraneum, N. nonquaesitum, N. parvum, N. vitifusiforme, Neoscytalidium dimidiatum, Diaporthe neotheicola, and D. rhusicola. Pathogenicity on three English walnut cultivars (‘Chandler’, ‘Tulare’, and ‘Vina’) using a mycelium plug inoculation method revealed that all these species are pathogenic to all the tested cultivars, with L. citricola and N. parvum being the most pathogenic species, followed by N. mediterraneum, N. dimidiatum, and B. dothidea. Chandler was more tolerant to infection than Tulare and Vina. Results in this study determined that multiple numbers of the Botryosphaeriaceae fungi and two Diaporthe spp. cause cankers and blights of English walnut and vary in their virulence from highly to slightly virulent, respectively.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Aggressiveness of Fusarium spp. Isolated from Canola in Alberta, Canada

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 727-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongyan Chen ◽  
Qixing Zhou ◽  
Stephen E. Strelkov ◽  
Sheau-Fang Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Seedling Blight ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Fusarium Seedling Blight ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Canola (Brassica napus) is one of the most economically important oilseed crops in Canada. Fusarium seedling blight is a root disease with the potential to cause severe yield reductions in canola. Fusarium spp. are commonly isolated root pathogens from fields in Alberta. Fusarium infection can also cause root rot in adult plants. In this study, 128 isolates identified as Fusarium spp. were recovered from field soils in central Alberta and from the roots of diseased canola plants with typical Fusarium seedling blight symptoms. Six species of Fusarium were identified, with Fusarium acuminatum as the predominant species (57 of 128 isolates, 44.5%). Phylogenetic analyses based on the translation elongation factor 1-α and the internal transcribed spacer sequence data were used for evaluation of genetic variations, and also used for Fusarium spp. identification in combination with morphological characteristics and polymerase chain reaction-based analyses. Based on disease ratings in pathogenicity tests, six isolates of F. avenaceum showed high aggressiveness on canola. Also, the aggressiveness varied within all Fusarium spp. No correlation was observed between aggressiveness and the geographic origin of the isolates.

scholarly journals Pestalotiopsis-Like Species Causing Gray Blight Disease on Camellia sinensis in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjuan Chen ◽  
Liang Zeng ◽  
Na Shu ◽  
Maoyuan Jiang ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Camellia Sinensis ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Phylogenetic Grouping ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
High Bootstrap ◽  
Blight Disease ◽  
Elongation Factor 1

Gray blight of tea, caused by several Pestalotiopsis-like species, is one of the most destructive foliar diseases in tea cultivation yet the characteristics of these pathogens have not been confirmed until now. With morphological and multigene phylogenetic analyses, we have identified the gray blight fungi as Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, Neopestalotiopsis clavispora, and Pestalotiopsis camelliae. Phylogenetic analyses derived from the combined internal transcribed spacer, β-tubulin, and translation elongation factor 1-α gene regions successfully resolved most of the Pestalotiopsis-like species used in this study with high bootstrap supports and revealed three major clusters representing these three species. Differences in colony appearance and conidia morphology (shape, size, septation, color and length of median cells, and length and number of apical and basal appendages) were consistent with the phylogenetic grouping. Pathogenicity tests validated that all three species isolated from tea leaves were causal agents of gray blight disease on tea plant (Camellia sinensis). This is the first description of the characteristics of the three species Pseudopestalotiopsis camelliae-sinensis, N. clavispora, and Pestalotiopsis camelliae as causal agents of tea gray blight disease in China.

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