scholarly journals The Distribution of Fusarium Wilt of Blackeyed Cowpeas within California Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum Race 4

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (7) ◽  
pp. 694-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Smith ◽  
D. M. Helms ◽  
S. R. Temple ◽  
C. Frate
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
University Of California ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Single Field ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium wilt of blackeyed cowpeas has been known in California since the 1930s, and breeding for resistance to this disease pathogen has been a continuous effort. During the 1960s and 1970s, California Blackeye 5 (CB 5) cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.), a widely grown cultivar of the time, became increasingly diseased by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum (Fot) Race 3 (2) throughout the growing regions of California. University of California cultivars CB 46 and CB 88 (1) were developed for resistance to Fot Races 1, 2, and 3. CB 46 is currently the principal blackeye cultivar grown on the majority of the acreage in the San Joaquin Valley. In 1989, a new race we designate “Fot Race 4” was isolated from wilted plants at a single field site in Stanislaus County. In years prior to identification, Fot Race 4 had caused severe wilt of CB 46 and CB 88 in this field. Even though the new Fot Race 4 remained confined to a small area for a number of years, sources of host plant resistance to Fot Race 4 were identified, hybridized, and screened, resulting in new progeny with desirable commercial agronomic characteristics. As observed in Stanislaus County, F. oxysporum f. sp. tracheiphilum Race 4 has the potential to cause serious crop damage, depending on virulence and soil inoculum levels, which may vary from year to year. In 1997 and 1998, an entirely different area in the southern San Joaquin Valley, about 140 miles from the original site in Stanislaus County, was found to have plants infected with Fot Race 4. Diseased plants were collected from patches in three separate CB 46 or CB 88 field sites in Tulare County. About 30 cultures were isolated from the diseased plants, which showed stunting, yellowing, and vascular discoloration. In greenhouse fusarium dip tests CB 46, CB 88, CB 5, and several Fot Race 4 resistant breeding lines were inoculated with all the collected isolates and evaluated. CB 46, CB 88, and CB 5 proved to be susceptible to these isolates, showing typical Fot Race 4 symptoms. The Fot Race 4 pathogen was then reisolated from greenhouse-grown, diseased stem tissue of CB 46, CB 88, and CB 5. These findings emphasize the importance of vigilance and necessity of continual disease surveys. They serve as an early alert for the University of California breeding program, and validate local cooperation with University of California Extension Farm Advisors. As a result of this effort new cultivar candidates with resistance to Fot Race 4 are in the final phases of multi-year commercial testing. References: (1) D. M. Helms et al. Crop Sci. 31:1703, 1991. (2) K. S. Rigert and K. W. Foster. Crop Sci. 27:220, 1987.

Characterization of current Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates from cotton in the San Joaquin Valley of California and Lower Valley El Paso Texas

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josue Diaz ◽  
Jorge Garcia ◽  
Celeste Lara ◽  
Robert B. Hutmacher ◽  
Mauricio Ulloa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
San Joaquin Valley ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Race 4

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (FOV) race 4, is a causal agent of Fusarium wilt of cotton (Gossypium spp.). This study aimed to characterize the existing distribution and frequency of current field populations of FOV race 4 genotypes in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) of California and Lower Valley El Paso, Texas and examine representative isolates for aggressiveness during different stages of seedling development. A survey was conducted from 2017 to 2019 across 13 locations in the SJV and one location in El Paso, Texas during 2018. From the SJV, isolates identified as the FOV race 4 T genotype were dispersed across the SJV, while isolates identified as the FOV race 4 N genotype were most frequently isolated from cotton fields in the northern county of Merced. The FOV race 4 isolates from the Texas location were identified as the MT genotype. A selection of representative isolates was evaluated using three inoculation assays, a rolled towel, FOV infested-oat seed, and a root dip inoculation assay to test the isolates’ abilities to produce symptoms during seedling stages of cotton development. All isolates tested were capable of producing symptoms on cotton, however isolate aggressiveness varied within and across inoculation assays. In all assays, higher levels of disease development were observed in the moderately susceptible Pima (G. barbadense L.) cultivars (DP-340 or PYH-830) when compared to the moderately tolerant Upland (G. hirsutum L.) cultivar (FM-2334). However, no correlation was found among the different response variables for the rolled towel assay when compared with the root dip and infested-oat seed assays. These results suggest that different genes are involved in the resistance response during the early seedling development stage measured in the rolled towel assay compared to the later seedling development stages measured during the root dip inoculation and infested-oat seed assays, revealing the complexity of the Fusarium wilt disease and host-plant resistance mechanisms.

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium Wilt on Cavendish Bananas, Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (VCG 01213/16), in Vietnam

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. N. Hung ◽  
N. Q. Hung ◽  
D. Mostert ◽  
A. Viljoen ◽  
C. P Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
First Report ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals First Report of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 Causing Fusarium Wilt of Cavendish Bananas in Israel

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (12) ◽  
pp. 2655 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maymon ◽  
U. Shpatz ◽  
Y. M. Harel ◽  
E. Levy ◽  
G. Elkind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
First Report ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals Non-Synergistic Effect of Trichoderma harzianum and Glomus spp. in Reducing Infection of Fusarium Wilt in Banana

Pathogens ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arfe Castillo ◽  
Cecirly Puig ◽  
Christian Cumagun
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Glomus Spp ◽  
Race 4

Philippine banana is currently threatened by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 (FocR4). This study investigated the use of Trichoderma harzianum pre-treated with Glomus spp, as a means of managing Fusarium wilt on young ‘Lakatan’ banana seedlings. Results showed that Glomus applied basally significantly improved banana seedling growth with increased increment in plant height and pseudostem diameter and heavier root weight. The application of Glomus spp. alone offered 100% protection to the ‘Lakatan’ seedlings against FocR4 as indicated by the absence of the wilting symptom. A combination of T. harzianum and Glomus spp. also gave significant effect against Fusarium wilt through delayed disease progression in the seedlings but was not synergistic. Competitive effects were suspected when application of the two biological control agents on banana roots was done simultaneously.

Sources, selection and breeding of Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum) race 4 (FOV4) resistance in Upland (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cotton

Euphytica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 216 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio Ulloa ◽  
Robert B. Hutmacher ◽  
TariLee Schramm ◽  
Margaret L. Ellis ◽  
Robert Nichols ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Race 4

scholarly journals Proteomic Analysis of Banana Vascular Sap Provides Insight Into Resistance Mechanisms to Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Cubense Tropical Race 4

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Lina Liu ◽  
Shu Li ◽  
Alberto Cenci ◽  
Mathieu Rouard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Ubiquitin Ligase E3 ◽  
Protein Response ◽  
Race 4

Abstract Background: Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4) is the causal agent of Fusarium wilt, and is the most destructive soil-borne and vascular invasive fungus of banana. The sap circulating in vascular cells transports proteins including those that might be involved in disease-resistance processes. However, there is no research to analyze changes in banana vascular sap protein response to TR4 to date. Results: To gain an integrated understanding of differential protein abundance in banana vascular sap during TR4 infection, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of vascular sap of the resistant ‘Pahang’ and the susceptible ‘Brazilian’ bananas inoculated with TR4. We identified 129 differential expression proteins (DEPs) between resistant and susceptible tested combinations. Of these DEPs, hypersensitive-induced response protein 1 (HIR1) and E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) decreased in abundance in Pahang with no change in Brazilian under TR4 infection; chalcone isomerase (CHI) and glycine-rich RNA-binding protein (GRP) increased in abundance in Pahang but no significant changes in Brazilian under TR4 infection; carboxylesterase (CXE) and GDSL lipase (GLIP) were specifically in higher abundance in Pahang response to TR4 compared to that of Brazilian. It suggested that these proteins played important roles in bananas against TR4. Conclusions: Our study identified 129 DEPs in vascular sap between resistant and susceptible tested combinations. Of which, HIR1, E3, CHI, GRP, CXE and GLIP played important roles in bananas response to TR4. To our knowledge, this is first report to analyze changes in banana vascular sap proteins in response to TR4, which help us to explore the molecular mechanisms of banana defense to Fusarium wilt.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense, the Fusarium Wilt Pathogen of Banana, in Ecuador

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1133
Author(s):  
Freddy Magdama ◽  
Lorena Monserrate-Maggi ◽  
Lizette Serrano ◽  
José García Onofre ◽  
María del Mar Jiménez-Gasco
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Compatibility Group ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Race 4 ◽  
Latin America Countries

The continued dispersal of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical race 4 (FocTR4), a quarantine soil-borne pathogen that kills banana, has placed this worldwide industry on alert and triggered enormous pressure on National Plant Protection (NPOs) agencies to limit new incursions. Accordingly, biosecurity plays an important role while long-term control strategies are developed. Aiming to strengthen the contingency response plan of Ecuador against FocTR4, a population biology study—including phylogenetics, mating type, vegetative compatibility group (VCG), and pathogenicity testing—was performed on isolates affecting local bananas, presumably associated with race 1 of F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc). Our results revealed that Foc populations in Ecuador comprise a single clonal lineage, associated with VCG0120. The lack of diversity observed in Foc populations is consistent with a single introduction event from which secondary outbreaks originated. The predominance of VCG0120, together with previous reports of its presence in Latin America countries, suggests this group as the main cause of the devastating Fusarium wilt epidemics that occurred in the 1950s associated to the demise of ‘Gros Michel’ bananas in the region. The isolates sampled from Ecuador caused disease in cultivars that are susceptible to races 1 and 2 under greenhouse experiments, although Fusarium wilt symptoms in the field were only found in ‘Gros Michel’. Isolates belonging to the same VCG0120 have historically caused disease on Cavendish cultivars in the subtropics. Overall, this study shows how Foc can be easily dispersed to other areas if restriction of contaminated materials is not well enforced. We highlight the need of major efforts on awareness and monitoring campaigns to analyze suspected cases and to contain potential first introduction events of FocTR4 in Ecuador.

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