scholarly journals Oral taurine supplementation does not increase muscle taurine content or alter substrate metabolism during prolonged submaximal cycling in active males

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D.R. Galloway ◽  
Jason L. Talanian ◽  
Anna K. Shoveller ◽  
George J.F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Lawrence L. Spriet
Keyword(s):  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Substrate Metabolism

The Effect Of Taurine Supplementation On Substrate Metabolism During Fasting And Endurance Running In Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 589-590
Author(s):  
Yumiko Takahashi ◽  
Tatsuya Hanawa ◽  
Eiki Urushibata ◽  
Hiroyuki Masuda ◽  
Tsuyoshi Masuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Running ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Substrate Metabolism

Seven days of oral taurine supplementation does not increase muscle taurine content or alter substrate metabolism during prolonged exercise in humans

2008 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D. R. Galloway ◽  
Jason L. Talanian ◽  
Anna K. Shoveller ◽  
George J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Lawrence L. Spriet
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Peak Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Isoleucine Leucine ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Exercise In Humans

This study examined 1) the plasma taurine response to acute oral taurine supplementation (T), and 2) the effects of 7 days of T on muscle amino acid content and substrate metabolism during 2 h of cycling at ∼60% peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2peak). In the first part of the study, after an overnight fast, 7 volunteers (28 ± 3 yr, 184 ± 2 cm, 88.0 ± 6.6 kg) ingested 1.66 g oral taurine doses with breakfast (8 AM) and lunch (12 noon), and blood samples were taken throughout the day. In the second part of the study, eight men (22 ± 1 yr, 181 ± 1 cm, 80.9 ± 3.8 kg, 4.21 ± 0.16 l/min V̇o2peak) cycled for 2 h after 7 days of placebo (P) ingestion (6 g glucose/day) and again following 7 days of T (5 g/day). In the first part of the study, plasma taurine was 64 ± 4 μM before T and rose rapidly to 778 ± 139 μM by 10 AM and remained elevated at noon (359 ± 56 μM). Plasma taurine reached 973 ± 181 μM at 1 PM and was 161 ± 31 μM at 4 PM. In the second part of the study, seven days of T had no effect on muscle taurine content (mmol/kg dry muscle) at rest (P, 44 ± 15 vs. T, 42 ± 15) or after exercise (P, 43 ± 12 vs. T, 43 ± 11). There was no difference in muscle glycogen or other muscle metabolites between conditions, but there were notable interaction effects for muscle valine, isoleucine, leucine, cystine, glutamate, alanine, and arginine amino acid content following exercise after T. These data indicate that 1) acute T produces a 13-fold increase in plasma taurine concentration; 2) despite the ability to significantly elevate plasma taurine for extended periods throughout the day, 7 days of T does not alter skeletal muscle taurine content or carbohydrate and fat oxidation during exercise; and 3) T appears to have some impact on muscle amino acid response to exercise.

scholarly journals Age-related decline in the taurine content of the skin in rodents

Amino Acids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Yoshimura ◽  
Yuki Inokuchi ◽  
Chikako Mutou ◽  
Takanobu Sakurai ◽  
Tohru Nagahama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Hairless Mice ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Effects Of Aging

AbstractTaurine, a sulfur-containing amino acid, occurs at high concentrations in the skin, and plays a role in maintaining the homeostasis of the skin. We investigated the effects of aging on the content and localization of taurine in the skin of mice and rats. Taurine was extracted from the skin samples of hairless mice and Sprague Dawley rats, and the taurine content of the skin was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of the investigation revealed that the taurine content in both the dermis and epidermis of hairless mice declined significantly with age. Similar age-related decline in the skin taurine content was also observed in rats. In contrast, the taurine content in the sole remained unchanged with age. An immunohistochemical analysis also revealed a decreased skin taurine content in aged animals compared with younger animals, although no significant differences in the localization of taurine were observed between the two age groups. Supplementation of the drinking water of aged mice with 3% (w/v) taurine for 4 weeks increased the taurine content of the epidermis, but not the dermis. The present study showed for the first time that the taurine content of the skin decreased with age in mice and rats, which may be related to the impairment of the skin homeostasis observed with aging. The decreased taurine content of the epidermis in aged animals was able to be rescued by taurine supplementation.

scholarly journals Dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted and fermented soybean meals with taurine supplementation for pompano fish: effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters in a long-term feeding period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Phuc Nguyen ◽  
Thinh Van Do ◽  
Hau Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Fermented Soybean

Abstract A 16-wk growth trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted soybean meal (SBM) and fermented soybean meal (FSBM) with taurine supplementation on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and biological parameters of pompano fish. The FSBM was produced by fermenting SBM with Lactobacillus spp. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 35% or 50% of fish meal by SBM or FSBM with taurine supplementation. The diets are denoted as follows: FM, SBM35, SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50, SBM50T, and FSBM50T. The FM (the basal diet) contained fish meal as a main source of dietary protein. Taurine was supplemented to SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50T, and FSBM50T at the level of 15 g/kg diet. Pompano juveniles with an initial body weight (BW) of 80 g reared in floating net cages were fed the experimental diets twice daily for 16 wk. Results showed that the final BW, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were significantly lower than those of fish fed FM (P < 0.05), indicating that the replacement of fish meal by SBM at the rate of 35% in the diet is excessive for pompano. Supplementation of taurine to the SBM-included diets significantly increased growth performance and feed utilization (P < 0.05); however, these diets did not restore the performance back to a level equivalent to that of fish offered the basal diet. Meanwhile, fish fed FSBM35T had comparable growth and feed performances to those fed FM. Hematocrit values, total biliary bile acid levels, whole body lipid contents, and tissue taurine concentrations of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were the lowest among the treatments, but these parameters were improved by taurine supplementation and FSBM inclusion in the diet. Taurine supplementation increased lipid ADC, and SBM fermentation slightly enhanced both lipid and protein ADCs of the fish. These findings suggest that the combination of FSBM and taurine supplementation is an effective way to improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters, and that FSBM with taurine supplementation can replace 35% of fish meal in pompano diets without any negative effects on growth and feed performances in a long-term feeding period.

scholarly journals Fasting-induced changes in the expression of genes controlling substrate metabolism in the rat heart

2001 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1752-1758
Author(s):  
Karin A.J.M. Van der Lee ◽  
Peter H.M. Willemsen ◽  
Sonia Samec ◽  
Josiane Seydoux ◽  
Abdul G. Dulloo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rat Heart ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Regulation of Energy Substrate Metabolism in Endurance Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4963
Author(s):  
Abdullah F. Alghannam ◽  
Mazen M. Ghaith ◽  
Maha H. Alhussain
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Fat Metabolism ◽  
Glycogen Storage ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Energy Substrate ◽  
Substrate Metabolism ◽  
Atp Turnover ◽  
Energy Demands

The human body requires energy to function. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the cellular currency for energy-requiring processes including mechanical work (i.e., exercise). ATP used by the cells is ultimately derived from the catabolism of energy substrate molecules—carbohydrates, fat, and protein. In prolonged moderate to high-intensity exercise, there is a delicate interplay between carbohydrate and fat metabolism, and this bioenergetic process is tightly regulated by numerous physiological, nutritional, and environmental factors such as exercise intensity and duration, body mass and feeding state. Carbohydrate metabolism is of critical importance during prolonged endurance-type exercise, reflecting the physiological need to regulate glucose homeostasis, assuring optimal glycogen storage, proper muscle fuelling, and delaying the onset of fatigue. Fat metabolism represents a sustainable source of energy to meet energy demands and preserve the ‘limited’ carbohydrate stores. Coordinated neural, hormonal and circulatory events occur during prolonged endurance-type exercise, facilitating the delivery of fatty acids from adipose tissue to the working muscle for oxidation. However, with increasing exercise intensity, fat oxidation declines and is unable to supply ATP at the rate of the exercise demand. Protein is considered a subsidiary source of energy supporting carbohydrates and fat metabolism, contributing to approximately 10% of total ATP turnover during prolonged endurance-type exercise. In this review we present an overview of substrate metabolism during prolonged endurance-type exercise and the regulatory mechanisms involved in ATP turnover to meet the energetic demands of exercise.

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