Losartan prevents body weight gain in diet induced obese rats

The vagus nerve (VN) and spleen represent a complex interface between neural and immunological functions, affecting both energy metabolism and white adipose tissue (WAT) content. Here, we evaluated whether vagal and splenic axis participates in WAT mass regulation in obese and non-obese male Wistar rats. High doses of monosodium glutamate (M; 4 g/Kg) were administered during the neonatal period to induce hypothalamic lesion and obesity (M-Obese rats). Non-obese or Control (CTL) rats received equimolar saline. At 60 days of life, M-Obese and CTL rats were randomly distributed into experimental subgroups according to the following surgical procedures: sham, subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SV), splenectomy (SPL), and SV + SPL (n = 11 rats/group). At 150 days of life and after 12 h of fasting, rats were euthanized, blood was collected, and the plasma levels of glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, insulin, and interleukin 10 (IL10) were analyzed. The visceral and subcutaneous WAT depots were excised, weighed, and histologically evaluated for number and size of adipocytes as well as IL10 protein expression. M-Obese rats showed higher adiposity, hyperinsulinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and insulin resistance when compared with CTL groups (p < 0.05). In CTL and M-Obese rats, SV reduced body weight gain and triglycerides levels, diminishing adipocyte size without changes in IL10 expression in WAT (p< 0.05). The SV procedure resulted in high IL10 plasma levels in CTL rats, but not in the M-Obese group. The splenectomy prevented the SV anti-adiposity effects, as well as blocked the elevation of IL10 levels in plasma of CTL rats. In contrast, neither SV nor SPL surgeries modified the plasma levels of IL10 and IL10 protein expression in WAT from M-Obese rats. In conclusion, vagotomy promotes body weight and adiposity reduction, elevating IL10 plasma levels in non-obese animals, in a spleen-dependent manner. Under hypothalamic obesity conditions, VN ablation also reduces body weight gain and adiposity, improving insulin sensitivity without changes in IL10 protein expression in WAT or IL10 plasma levels, in a spleen-independent manner. Our findings indicate that the vagal-spleen axis influence the WAT mass in a health state, while this mechanism seems to be disturbed in hypothalamic obese animals.

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Effect of phenoxybenzamine on development of adipose tissue in lean and obese Zucker rats

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1982.243.5.e398 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 243 (5) ◽

pp. E398-E406

Author(s):

K. Comai ◽

A. C. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Cell Size ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Zucker Rats ◽

Fat Cell ◽

Fat Depots ◽

Fat Cell Size ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Fat Depot

Young male Zucker lean (Fa/-) and obese (fa/fa) rats were fed the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent phenoxybenzamine as a dietary admixture for 35 days. In lean and obese rats, phenoxybenzamine treatment decreased significantly body weight gain, food consumption, grams of carcass fat, and grams of carcass protein. Lean rats exhibited reduced fat cell size and number in retroperitoneal, epididymal, and inguinal fat depots. Obese rats treated with phenoxybenzamine exhibited significantly decreased numbers of fat cells in the retroperitoneal, epididymal, and inguinal fat depots and a small decreased cell size in the inguinal fat depot only. The levels of carcass fat and protein and fat cell number in obese and lean rats treated with phenoxybenzamine for 35 days were similar to pretreatment values in agreement with the lack of body weight gain. Although values in agreement with the lack of body weight gain. Although rats exhibited marked decreases in fat accumulation during phenoxybenzamine treatment, fat cell size and number returned to control values during the posttreatment period with a marked hyperplasia occurring particularly in the retroperitoneal fat depot of obese rats. Serum levels of insulin were suppressed and free fatty acid levels increased in obese rats during phenoxybenzamine treatment, suggesting a stimulation of the sympathoadrenal system. This study shows that despite severe restrictions in fat cell proliferation during the rapid-growth phase of the obese Zucker rat, the mechanisms for cellular proliferation and fat deposition remain intact.

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Long-term high animal protein diet reduces body weight gain and insulin secretion in diet-induced obese rats

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.5679 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (13) ◽

pp. 2638-2643 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Haiyan Chen ◽

Yiling Wang ◽

Lichuan Ma ◽

Jiajun Zhao ◽

Yinyin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Insulin Secretion ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Animal Protein ◽

Protein Diet ◽

High Animal ◽

Obese Rats

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Combination of fucoxanthin and conjugated linoleic acid attenuates body weight gain and improves lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics ◽

10.1016/j.abb.2012.01.011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 519 (1) ◽

pp. 59-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

Xiaojie Hu ◽

Yanmei Li ◽

Chunhua Li ◽

Yuanqing Fu ◽

Fang Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Linoleic Acid ◽

Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats

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Dietary supplementation withLactobacillus plantarumdy-1 fermented barley suppresses body weight gain in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ◽

10.1002/jsfa.7786 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 96 (15) ◽

pp. 4907-4917 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jiayan Zhang ◽

Xiang Xiao ◽

Ying Dong ◽

Tian Xu ◽

Fei Wu

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Dietary Supplementation ◽

High Fat ◽

Obese Rats

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Psyllium husk combined with hydroxycitrate reduces body weight gain and body fat in diet-induced obese rats

Nutrition Research ◽

10.1016/j.nutres.2007.04.010 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 349-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Duk Ho Kang ◽

Eun Young Jung ◽

Un Jae Chang ◽

Song-Hwan Bae ◽

Hyung Joo Suh

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Body Fat ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Psyllium Husk ◽

Obese Rats

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Emblica officinalis – Anti-obesity activity

Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine ◽

10.1515/jcim-2016-0051 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Iram Nazish ◽

Shahid H Ansari

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Oral Feeding ◽

Emblica Officinalis ◽

Traditional System ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Context Emblica officinalis Gaertn. (family-Phyllanthaceae) fruits, known commonly as amla, is extensively used in Indian traditional system of medicine for the treatment of various disorders. The ethanolic E. officinalis extract is reported to have various activity such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in experimental animals. Objective To evaluate anti-obesity effect of aqueous E. officinalis extract in murine model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Materials and methods Male Wistar rats fed with HFD (20 g/day/rat, p.o) for a period of 42 days were used to induce obesity. Aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg bw) administered orally to HFD-fed rats from day 8 to 50 days for a period of 42 days. Body weight gain, serum lipids, insulin and leptin parameters were measured. Results Oral feeding of the aqueous E. officinalis extract (20 mg/kg) to HFD-induced obese rats for a period of 42 days resulted in significant reduction in body weight gain, insulin, leptin, lipids as compared to rats fed HFD alone. Further, the extract also showed significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels. Discussion and conclusions These results show that aqueous E. officinalis extract possess significant anti-obesity potential.

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