scholarly journals Intake of trans fatty acid isomers found in ruminant fat versus industrial sources differentially impact concentrations of fatty acids in erythrocytes (1025.17)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Gebauer ◽  
Nirupa Matthan ◽  
Alice Lichtenstein ◽  
David Baer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Isomers ◽  
Industrial Sources

scholarly journals Trans Fat Labeling and Levels in U.S. Foods: Assessment of Gas Chromatographic and Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for Regulatory Compliance

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 1284-1300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi M Mossoba ◽  
Julie Moss ◽  
John K G Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflection ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Trans Fat ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Isomers

Abstract Trans fatty acids are found in a variety of foods like dairy and meat products, but the major dietary sources are products that contain commercially hydrogenated fats. There has been a renewed need for accurate analytical methods for the quantitation of total Trans fat since mandatory requirements to declare the amount of Trans fat present in food products and dietary supplements were issued in many countries. Official capillary GC and IR methodologies are the two most common validated methods used to identify and quantify Trans fatty acids for regulatory compliance. The present article provides a comprehensive discussion of the GC and IR techniques, including the latest attenuated total reflection (ATR)-FTIR methodology called the negative second derivative ATR-FTIR procedure, which is currently being validated in an international collaborative study. The identification and quantitation of Trans fatty acid isomers by GC is reviewed and an alternative GC method is proposed using two temperature programs and combining their results; this proposed method deals more effectively with the resolution of large numbers of geometric and positional monoene, diene, and triene fatty acid isomers present in ruminant fats. In addition, the different methylation procedures that affect quantitative conversion to fatty acid methyl esters are reviewed. There is also a lack of commercial chromatographic standards for many Trans fatty acid isomers. This review points to potential sources of interferences in the FTIR determination that may lead to inaccurate results, particularly at low Trans levels. The presence of high levels of saturated fats may lead to interferences in the FTIR spectra observed for Trans triacylglycerols (TAGs). TAGs require no derivatization, but have to be melted prior to IR measurement. While GC is currently the method of choice, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is a viable, rapid alternative, and a complementary method to GC for a more rapid determination of total Trans fats for food labeling purposes.

Silver ion chromatography for the analysis of trans-fatty acid isomers in humans

2021 ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Na Wei ◽  
◽  
Heather Kuiper ◽  
Enada Archibold ◽  
Hubert Vesper
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ion Chromatography ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Silver Ion ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Silver Ion Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Isomers ◽  
Cis And Trans

More than 65 different fatty acids, including positional and geometric fatty acid isomers, have been reported in humans. These isomers have the same molecular mass and very similar chemical structures but can have very different biological functions. The large number of cis- and trans-isomers in human blood pose analytical challenges and require detailed investigations to appropriately determine their effects on health and changes in the amount and composition in people. Silver ion chromatography, a technology used to separate complex fatty acid mixtures, in combination with an expanded version of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) method for fatty acids can effectively separate cis- and trans-fatty acid isomers. This approach has potential for determining comprehensive trans-fatty acid profiles in people.

scholarly journals Trans Fatty Acid Intake Induces Intestinal Inflammation and Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Okamura ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Saori Majima ◽  
Takafumi Senmaru ◽  
Emi Ushigome ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

Background and AimsMany nutritional and epidemiological studies have shown that high consumption of trans fatty acids can cause several adverse effects on human health, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effect of trans fatty acids on innate immunity in the gut by observing mice fed with a diet high in trans fatty acids, which have been reported to cause dysbiosis.MethodsWe used C57BL6/J mice and fed them with normal diet (ND) or high-fat, high-sucrose diet (HFHSD) or high-trans fatty acid, high-sucrose diet (HTHSD) for 12 weeks. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on the mice stool samples, in addition to flow cytometry, real-time PCR, and lipidomics analysis of the mice serum and liver samples. RAW264.7 cells were used for the in vitro studies.ResultsMice fed with HTHSD displayed significantly higher blood glucose levels and advanced fatty liver and intestinal inflammation, as compared to mice fed with HFHSD. Furthermore, compared to mice fed with HFHSD, mice fed with HTHSD displayed a significant elevation in the expression of CD36 in the small intestine, along with a reduction in the expression of IL-22. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the populations of ILC1s and T-bet-positive ILC3s in the lamina propria in mice fed with HTHSD. Finally, the relative abundance of the family Desulfovibrionaceae, which belongs to the phylum Proteobacteria, was significantly higher in mice fed with HFHSD or HTHSD, than in mice fed with ND; between the HFHSD and HTHSD groups, the abundance was slightly higher in the HTHSD group.ConclusionsThis study revealed that compared to saturated fatty acid intake, trans fatty acid intake significantly exacerbated metabolic diseases such as diabetes and fatty liver.

scholarly journals Dietary trans Fatty Acid Isomers Differ in Their Effects on Mammary Lipid Metabolism As Well As Lipogenic Gene Expression in Lactating Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil K. G. Kadegowda ◽  
Erin E. Connor ◽  
Beverly B. Teter ◽  
Joseph Sampugna ◽  
Pierluigi Delmonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipogenic Gene ◽  
Lipogenic Gene Expression ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Isomers

scholarly journals Dietary trans-fatty acid intake in relation to cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Michels ◽  
Ina Olmer Specht ◽  
Berit L Heitmann ◽  
Veronique Chajès ◽  
Inge Huybrechts
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Context Apart from ruminant fat, trans-fatty acids are produced during the partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils, (eg, in the production of ultraprocessed foods). Harmful cardiovascular effects of trans-fatty acids are already proven, but the link with cancer risk has not yet been summarized. Objective A systematic review (following PRISMA guidelines) – including observational studies on the association of trans-fatty acid intake with any cancer risk – was conducted, with no limitations on population types. Data Sources The electronic databases PubMed and Embase were searched to identify relevant studies. Data Extraction This systematic review included 46 articles. Quality was assessed via the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Meta-analyses were conducted if at least 4 articles exploring the same transfat-cancer pairings were found. Data analysis Nineteen cancer types have been researched in cohort and case-control studies on trans-fatty acids, with breast cancer (n = 17), prostate cancer (n = 11), and colorectal cancer (n = 9) as the most researched. The meta-analyses on total trans-fat showed a significant positive association for prostate cancer (odds ratio [OR] 1.49; 95%CI, 1.13–1.95) and colorectal cancer (OR 1.26; 95%CI, 1.08–1.46) but not for breast cancer (OR 1.12; 95%CI, 0.99–1.26), ovarian cancer (OR 1.10; 95%CI, 0.94–1.28), or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (OR 1.32; 95%CI, 0.99–1.76). Results were dependent on the fatty acid subtype, with even cancer-protective associations for some partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. Enhancing moderators in the positive transfat-cancer relation were gender (direction was cancer-site specific), European ancestry, menopause, older age, and overweight. Conclusion Despite heterogeneity, higher risk of prostate and colorectal cancer by high consumption of trans-fatty acids was found. Future studies need methodological improvements (eg, using long-term follow-up cancer data and intake biomarkers). Owing to the lack of studies testing trans-fatty acid subtypes in standardized ways, it is not clear which subtypes (eg, ruminant sources) are more carcinogenic. Systematic Review Registration PROSPERO registration no. CRD42018105899

scholarly journals Hepatocytes respond differently to major dietary trans fatty acid isomers, elaidic acid and trans-vaccenic acid

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toke P. Krogager ◽  
Lone Vendel Nielsen ◽  
Derya Kahveci ◽  
Thomas F. Dyrlund ◽  
Carsten Scavenius ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Elaidic Acid ◽  
Vaccenic Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Isomers ◽  
Trans Vaccenic Acid

scholarly journals Comparison of branded and non-branded food samples widely consumed in north India with reference to Trans fatty acid content

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25
Author(s):  
Prashasti Tripathi ◽  
Vineeta Puranik ◽  
Shalini Purwar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
North India ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Trans Fatty Acid Content

Trans fatty acids (TFA) are the geometrical isomers of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids that affect the functional and physicochemical properties of these fatty acids, which in turn affect their metabolism in humans.  Since the database available for trans fatty acids in food from India is scarce, the research report generates data about trans fatty acid content in selected foods popular in north India. In this report, various food samples like cookies, chocolates, biscuits, pizza, fries, indigenous snacks like samosa, pakora and indigenous sweets like jalebi, gulab jamun, and laddoo were analyzed for the Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) content by gas chromatography. A large variation was found in trans fatty acid content among these food samples. The results also showed that only 4.5% of the samples were found to contain TFA less than 0.5% while approximately 8% of samples having more than 5% TFA (1 branded and 6 non-branded samples). Also, a large variation was found in the trans fatty acid content of branded and non-branded food samples with the mean value of TFA in branded and non-branded food groups as 1.781 and 6.125 respectively and the t-value of 0.852 between the two groups. When regulations are emphasizing on labelling the TFA content on the product, there are arrays of unlabelled products which are not governed under any regulations. Hence there is a need for strong food regulations to bring levels of trans fats in processed foods to negligible levels.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document