Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial membrane potential heterogeneity in unsynchronized and synchronized cancer cells

Background: Reserpine, an indole alkaloid commonly used for hypertension, is found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina. Although the root extract has been used for the treatment of cancer, the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer activity on hormonal independent prostate cancer remains elusive. Methods: we evaluated the cytotoxicity of reserpine and other indole alkaloids, yohimbine and ajmaline on Prostate Cancer cells (PC3) using MTT assay. We investigated the mechanism of apoptosis using a combination of techniques including acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, high content imaging of Annexin V-FITC staining, flow cytometric quantification of the mitochondrial membrane potential and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and cell cycle analysis. Results: Our results indicate that reserpine inhibits DNA synthesis by arresting the cells at the G2 phase and showed all standard sequential features of apoptosis including, destabilization of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced production of reactive oxygen species and DNA ladder formation. Our in silico analysis further confirmed that indeed reserpine docks to the catalytic cleft of anti-apoptotic proteins substantiating our results. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings suggest that reserpine can be a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of androgen-independent prostate cancer.

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The repopulating cancer cells in melanoma are characterized by increased mitochondrial membrane potential

Cancer Letters ◽

10.1016/j.canlet.2016.08.027 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 382 (2) ◽

pp. 186-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Don G. Lee ◽

Beom K. Choi ◽

Young H. Kim ◽

Ho S. Oh ◽

Sang H. Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Membrane Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane

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ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF CHRYSANTHEMIN IN PC-3 HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS ARE MEDIATED VIA APOPTOSIS INDUCTION, CASPASE SIGNALLING PATHWAY AND LOSS OF MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines ◽

10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 54-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

De-Kang Sun ◽

Lin Wang ◽

Pen Zhang

Keyword(s):

Prostate Cancer ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Human Prostate ◽

Human Prostate Cancer ◽

Apoptosis Induction ◽

Prostate Cancer Cells ◽

Antitumor Effects

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Sojucktang induces apoptosis via loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and caspase-3 activation in KLE human endometrial cancer cells

Science Bulletin ◽

10.1007/s11434-009-0656-7 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 54 (23) ◽

pp. 4387-4392 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yeon-Suk Oh ◽

Hee-Young Kwon ◽

Soo-Jin Jeong ◽

Ki-Young Park ◽

Sun-Young Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endometrial Cancer ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Caspase 3

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Emodin, isolated and characterized from an endophytic fungus Polyporales sp., induces apoptotic cell death in human lung cancer cells through the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential

The Journal of Phytopharmacology ◽

10.31254/phyto.2017.6506 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 288-292

Author(s):

Refaz Ahmad Dar ◽

◽

Rabiya Majeed ◽

Abid Ali sheikh ◽

Shakeel-u Rehman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Endophytic Fungus ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Lung Cancer Cells ◽

Human Lung Cancer ◽

Close Relative ◽

Dependent Manner

Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a Chinese herbal anthraquinone that exhibits numerous biological activities, such as antitumor, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, and immunosuppressive. From an endophytic fungus, a close relative of Polyporales sp., found in association with Rheum emodi, Wall. ex Meissn a compound (Rz) was isolated and characterizedby different spectroscopic techniques (1H-NMR, 13CNMR, 2D-NMR, and HRMS). The compound (Rz) displayed a range of cytotoxicities against different human cancer cell lines like THP-1(Leukemia), A549 (Lung), NCI-H322 (lung) and Colo-205(colon) at a concentration of 70 and 100 µM. The compound had strong anticancer activity by arresting the cell cycle at G1 and G2/M phase and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in A-549 lung cancer cells in concentration dependent manner. The study suggests that emodin induced anticancer effects may have novel therapeutic applications for the treatment of lung cancer.

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The Novel Curcumin Derivative 1g Induces Mitochondrial and ER-Stress-Dependent Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells by Induction of ROS Production

10.21203/rs.3.rs-111009/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hao Wang ◽

Jia-Lin Sun ◽

Ying-Xing Xu ◽

Zhong-Guo Sui

Keyword(s):

Colon Cancer ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Er Stress ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Colon Cancer Cells ◽

Ros Scavenging ◽

Stress Dependent

Abstract Background: A novel curcumin (Cur) derivative 1g can inhibit the proliferation of colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of 1g in inducing apoptosis of colon cancer cells, especially mitochondrial apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS).Methods: Bioinformatics was used to analyze differentially expressed mrnas. Gene expression was measured by using qRT-PCR and protein expression was measured by using western blotting. Cell apoptosis, cycle, mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS were analyzed by flow cytometry. Experiments on transplanted tumors in animals.Results: The mechanism of this effect was a change in mitochondrial membrane potential caused by 1g that increased its pro-apoptotic activity. In addition, 1g produced ROS, induced G1 checkpoint blockade, and enhanced ER-stress in colon cancer cells. On the contrary, pretreatment with the ROS scavenging agent N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) inhibited the mitochondrial dysfunction caused by 1g and reversed ER-stress, cell cycle stagnation, and apoptosis. Additionally, pretreatment with the p-PERK inhibitor GSK2606414 significantly reduced ER-stress and reversed the apoptosis induced by colon cancer cells.Conclusions: This study not only found that 1g inherits the safety of Cur and has a more inhibitory effect on colon cancer cells than Cur, but also revealed that excessive production of ROS is one of the mechanisms of anti-tumor action.

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Nisin induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells via reactive oxygen species generation and mitochondrial membrane potential changes

Biochemistry and Cell Biology ◽

10.1139/bcb-2021-0225 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Houri Sadri ◽

Mahmoud Aghaei ◽

Vajihe Akbari

Keyword(s):

Reactive Oxygen Species ◽

Cervical Cancer ◽

Membrane Potential ◽

Cancer Cells ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane Potential ◽

Mtt Assay ◽

Mitochondrial Membrane ◽

Reactive Oxygen ◽

Oxygen Species ◽

Cervical Cancer Cells

Nisin, an antimicrobial peptide produced by Lactococcus lactis, is widely used as a safe food preservative and has been recently attracting the attention of many researchers as a potential anticancer agent. The cytotoxicity of nisin against HeLa, OVCAR-3, SK-OV-3, and HUVEC cells was evaluated using MTT assay. The apoptotic effect of nisin was identified by Annexin-V/propidium iodide assay, and then it was further confirmed by western blotting analysis, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) analysis, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay. The MTT assay showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of nisin towards cancer cell lines, with the IC50 values of 11.5-23 µM, but less toxicity against normal endothelial cells. Furthermore, treatment of cervical cancer cells with 12 µM nisin significantly (P<0.05) increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio (4.9-fold), reduced ΔΨm (70%), and elevated ROS levels (1.7-fold). These findings indicated that nisin might have anticancer and apoptogenic activities through mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress damage in cervical cancer cells.

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