Measurement of Cortical Thickness in a Human Cadaver Femur

1982 ◽  
Vol &NA; (169) ◽  
pp. 269???274 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOWARD W. SMITH ◽  
ARTHUR A. DE SMET ◽  
ERROL LEVINE
Author(s):  
M.D. Graham

The recent development of the scanning electron microscope has added great impetus to the study of ultrastructural details of normal human ossicles. A thorough description of the ultrastructure of the human ossicles is required in order to determine changes associated with disease processes following medical or surgical treatment.Human stapes crura were obtained at the time of surgery for clinical otosclerosis and from human cadaver material. The specimens to be examined by the scanning electron microscope were fixed immediately in the operating room in a cold phosphate buffered 2% gluteraldehyde solution, washed with Ringers, post fixed in cold 1% osmic acid and dehydrated in graded alcohol. Specimens were transferred from alcohol to a series of increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol and amyl acetate. The tissue was then critical point dried, secured to aluminum stubs and coated with gold, approximately 150A thick on a rotating stage in a vacuum evaporator. The specimens were then studied with the Kent-Cambridge S4-10 Scanning Electron Microscope at an accelerating voltage of 20KV.


2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gijbels ◽  
C B Serhal ◽  
G Willems ◽  
H Bosmans ◽  
G Sanderink ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pozza Susanne Bechtold-Dalla ◽  
Sonja Froschauer ◽  
Erik Harms ◽  
Nadine Herzig ◽  
Heike Holla ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Dennis Flanagan ◽  
Alessandro Fisher BS ◽  
Carmen Ciardiello ◽  
Vito Moreno ◽  
Alen Uvalic ◽  
...  

When planning an implant supported restoration the dentist is faced with the surgical and prosthetic technical issues as well as the patient’s expectations. Many patients wish an immediate solution to an edentulous condition. This is especially may be true in the esthetic zone. The extent of the zone is determined by the patient. The dentist may consider when it is feasible to load the supporting implants with definitive or provisional prosthetics. For the work herein, consideration of many parameters were theoretically assessed for inclusion: bone density, cortical thickness, seating torque, parafunction, bite load capacity, number of implants under load, implant/crown ratio, implant diameter and length. After assessment, the most influential parameters were selected. An iteration, using patient age, implant diameter, bite load capacity and cortical thickness, is now presented to aid the implant dentist in determining the feasibility for immediate functional loading of a just placed dental implant in a healed site. Extensive testing is required to develop this concept. According to this iteration, most immediate functional loaded implants would fail. A future refined and definitive formula may enable the clinician to safely immediately functional load an implant with a definitive prosthesis.


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