5 Dietary Sodium Restriction in Free-Living Offspring with and without a Family History of High Blood Pressure

1984 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
G C M Watt ◽  
C J W Foy ◽  
J T Hart
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Free Living ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

scholarly journals The Effects of Short-Term Changes in Sodium Intake on Plasma Marinobufagenin Levels in Patients with Primary Salt-Sensitive and Salt-Insensitive Hypertension

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Łabno-Kirszniok ◽  
Agata Kujawa-Szewieczek ◽  
Andrzej Wiecek ◽  
Grzegorz Piecha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

Increased marinobufagenin (MBG) synthesis has been suggested in response to high dietary salt intake. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of short-term changes in sodium intake on plasma MBG levels in patients with primary salt-sensitive and salt-insensitive hypertension. In total, 51 patients with primary hypertension were evaluated during acute sodium restriction and sodium loading. Plasma or serum concentrations of MBG, natriuretic pro-peptides, aldosterone, sodium, potassium, as well as hematocrit (Hct) value, plasma renin activity (PRA) and urinary sodium and potassium excretion were measured. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and echocardiography were performed at baseline. In salt-sensitive patients with primary hypertension plasma MBG correlated positively with diastolic blood pressure (ABPM) and serum NT-proANP concentration at baseline and with serum NT-proANP concentration after dietary sodium restriction. In this subgroup plasma MBG concentration decreased during sodium restriction, and a parallel increase of PRA was observed. Acute salt loading further decreased plasma MBG concentration in salt-sensitive subjects in contrast to salt insensitive patients. No correlation was found between plasma MBG concentration and left ventricular mass index. In conclusion, in salt-sensitive hypertensive patients plasma MBG concentration correlates with 24-h diastolic blood pressure and dietary sodium restriction reduces plasma MBG levels. Decreased MBG secretion in response to acute salt loading may play an important role in the pathogenesis of salt sensitivity.

Effect of dietary sodium restriction on body water, blood pressure, and inflammation in hemodialysis patients: a prospective randomized controlled study

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Silva Rodrigues Telini ◽  
Gabriela de Carvalho Beduschi ◽  
Jacqueline Costa Teixeira Caramori ◽  
João Henrique Castro ◽  
Luis Cuadrado Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Body Water ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Randomized Controlled Study ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

Changes in the circadian rhythm of blood pressure in primary aldosteronism in response to dietary sodium restriction and adrenalectomy

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1745-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Uzu ◽  
Masataka Nishimura ◽  
Takashi Fujii ◽  
Masanobu Takeji ◽  
Setsuko Kuroda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

Dietary sodium restriction and development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 245 (6) ◽  
pp. H1081-H1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Toal ◽  
F. H. Leenen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Basal Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction ◽  
Wistar Kyoto ◽  
And Control

Blood pressure and body weight of conscious spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were measured up to 16 wk of age in animals started at birth on five different sodium-containing diets. SHR on 9 mumol sodium/g food did not show a rise in basal blood pressure; however, when stressed the SHR still exhibited slightly higher blood pressures than WKY. In SHR on 17 mumol sodium/g food the development of hypertension was blunted compared with that of control (101 mumol/g) diet animals. SHR on 26 or 44 mumol sodium/g diet exhibited a development of hypertension similar to that of SHR on control diet. The 26 mumol/g, 44 mumol/g, and control sodium diet groups, regardless of strain, had similar growth rates. By contrast, on 17 mumol sodium/g food both SHR and WKY showed a substantially reduced growth rate, and all animals on 9 mumol sodium/g diet were severely retarded in growth. The results indicate that dietary sodium restriction can ameliorate the development of hypertension in SHR, but only when the sodium levels are so low as to affect overall growth.

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and practices of West Africans on genetic studies of stroke: Evidence from the SIREN Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rufus O Akinyemi ◽  
Fred S Sarfo ◽  
Joshua Akinyemi ◽  
Arti Singh ◽  
Matthew Onoja Akpa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Heritable Disorder ◽  
History Of ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Background It is crucial to assess genomic literacy related to stroke among Africans in preparation for the ethical, legal and societal implications of the genetic revolution which has begun in Africa. Objective To assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of West Africans about stroke genetic studies. Methods A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among stroke patients and stroke-free controls recruited across 15 sites in Ghana and Nigeria. Participants' knowledge of heritability of stroke, willingness to undergo genetic testing and perception of the potential benefits of stroke genetic research were assessed using interviewer-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, frequency distribution and multiple regression analyses were performed. Results Only 49% of 2029 stroke patients and 57% of 2603 stroke-free individuals knew that stroke was a heritable disorder. Among those who knew, 90% were willing to undergo genetic testing. Knowledge of stroke heritability was associated with having at least post-secondary education (OR 1.51, 1.25–1.81) and a family history of stroke (OR 1.20, 1.03–1.39) while Islamic religion (OR=0.82, CI: 0.72–0.94), being currently unmarried (OR = 0.81, CI: 0.70–0.92), and alcohol use (OR = 0.78, CI: 0.67–0.91) were associated with lower odds of awareness of stroke as a heritable disorder. Willingness to undergo genetic testing for stroke was associated with having a family history of stroke (OR 1.34, 1.03–1.74) but inversely associated with a medical history of high blood pressure (OR = 0.79, 0.65–0.96). Conclusion To further improve knowledge of stroke heritability and willingness to embrace genetic testing for stroke, individuals with less formal education, history of high blood pressure and no family history of stroke require targeted interventions.

Sodium intake and the effects of isoproterenol and exercise on plasma renin in man

1978 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 870-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. Leenen ◽  
P. Boer ◽  
G. G. Geyskes
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Dynamic Exercise ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and plasma renin activity (PRA) were assessed during infusion of increasing doses of isoproterenol and during increasing work loads of dynamic exercise in five normal young men. Studies were performed at three levels of dietary sodium restriction: normal, moderately, and more severely restricted. Isoproterenol induced the expected dose-related increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and PRA and decreases in diastolic blood pressure. Changes in dietary sodium intake affected these changes only to a minor degree. Dynamic exercise also induced the expected work-load-related increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and PRA and decreases in diastolic blood pressure. Also these changes were not significantly affected by changes in dietary sodium intake. Apparently dietary sodium restriction does not sensitize the renin-releasing mechanisms to sympathetic stimulation.

scholarly journals Dietary Sodium Restriction Restores Nocturnal Reduction of Blood Pressure in Patients with Primary Aldosteronism.

2002 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 737-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi TAKAKUWA ◽  
Kazuaki SHIMIZU ◽  
Yoshiaki IZUMIYA ◽  
Tamayo KATO ◽  
Izaya NAKAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction

Insulin sensitivity is associated with blood pressure response to sodium in older hypertensives

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (3) ◽  
pp. E403-E409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald R. Dengel ◽  
Robert V. Hogikyan ◽  
Michael D. Brown ◽  
Scott G. Glickman ◽  
Mark A. Supiano
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Group Effect ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
High Sodium ◽  
Sodium Diet ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Dietary Sodium Restriction ◽  
High Sodium Diet

The purpose of this study was to determine whether sodium-resistant hypertensives are more insulin resistant and whether dietary sodium restriction improves insulin sensitivity in older hypertensives. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test to determine the insulin sensitivity index (SI) after 1 wk each of low- (20 mmol ⋅ l−1 ⋅ day−1) and high- (200 mmol ⋅ l−1 ⋅ day−1) sodium diets in 21 older (63 ± 2 yr) hypertensives. Subjects were grouped on the difference in mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) between diets [sodium sensitive (SS): ≥5-mmHg increase in MABP on the high-sodium diet ( n = 14); sodium resistant (SR): <5-mmHg increase in MABP on the high-sodium diet ( n = 7)]. There was no dietary sodium effect on fasting plasma insulin or SI. An analysis of variance indicated a significant ( P = 0.0002) group effect, with SS individuals having lower fasting plasma insulins on the low- (13 ± 2 vs. 27 ± 3 μU/ml) and high- (12 ± 2 vs. 22 ± 3 μU/ml) sodium diets compared with SR individuals. Similarly, there was a significant ( P= 0.0002) group effect in regard to SI, with SS individuals having significantly higher SI on the low- (3.26 ± 0.60 vs. 0.91 ± 0.31 μU × 10−4 ⋅ min−1 ⋅ ml−1) and high- (3.45 ± 0.51 vs. 1.01 ± 0.30 μU × 10−4 ⋅ min−1 ⋅ ml−1) sodium diets compared with SR individuals. We conclude that SR individuals exhibit a greater degree of insulin resistance than SS individuals and that dietary sodium restriction fails to improve insulin sensitivity regardless of sodium sensitivity status.

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