Lean Tissue Mass And Fat Mass Changes In HIV-infected Persons Following Moderate Intensity Exercise Training

5133 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a well-established treatment for hormone sensitive prostate cancer, but is associated with adverse side effects including loss of bone and lean mass and increased adipose mass. Activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) signaling is necessary for the negative regulation of lean tissue mass and treatment with a non-signaling, decoy ActRIIB results in a robust increase in lean tissue mass. Methods: Similar to ADT patients, orchiectomized (ORX) mice lose bone and lean mass and gain fat mass. To determine the therapeutic potential of inhibiting ActRIIB signaling to reduce the negative effects associated with ADT, we treated sham-operated (SHAM) and orchiectomized (ORX) mice with RAP-031, a fusion protein comprised of a form of the extracellular domain of ActRIIB linked to a murine Fc. Mice received twice weekly injections for 10 weeks with either vehicle (VEH) or 10 mg/kg RAP-031 (RAP). NMR scanning was used to determine body composition and whole body DEXA scans were performed to determine bone mineral density (BMD). Results: ORX resulted in a 4.4% decrease in BMD, an 18% reduction in lean tissue and a 41.6% increase in adiposity compared to the VEH-SHAM cohort. Both RAP-031treated groups of mice had significantly increased BMD and lean tissue mass and decreased adipose mass compared to their respective VEH groups. However, BMD, lean tissue and adiposity were not significantly different between the VEH-SHAM and RAP-ORX groups. These data illustrate that RAP-031 treatment completely attenuates ORX-induced alterations in bone, lean and fat mass. Conclusions: These data support the hypothesis that treatment with a form of soluble ActRIIB can offset negative side effects of ADT and have significant therapeutic implications for the treatment of patients with prostate cancer. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]

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Moderate-intensity Aerobic and Resistance Training Increases Lean Tissue Mass and Strength In HIV-infected Men

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000321583.66952.c1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 40 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S31-S32

Author(s):

G. William Lyerly ◽

Kenneth D. Phillips ◽

Wesley D. Dudgeon ◽

Stephanie Burgess ◽

J. Larry Durstine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass

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High baseline fat mass, but not lean tissue mass, is associated with high intensity low back pain and disability in community-based adults

Arthritis Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13075-019-1953-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sharmayne R. E. Brady ◽

Donna M. Urquhart ◽

Sultana Monira Hussain ◽

Andrew Teichtahl ◽

Yuanyuan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Fat Mass ◽

High Intensity ◽

Low Back ◽

Community Based ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass ◽

High Baseline

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Effect of Creatine Supplementation and Resistance-Exercise Training on Muscle Insulin-Like Growth Factor in Young Adults

International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism ◽

10.1123/ijsnem.18.4.389 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 389-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Darren G. Burke ◽

Darren G. Candow ◽

Philip D. Chilibeck ◽

Lauren G. MacNeil ◽

Brian D. Roy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Resistance Exercise ◽

Creatine Supplementation ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽

Resistance Exercise Training ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass ◽

Igf I

The purpose of this study was to compare changes in muscle insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) content resulting from resistance-exercise training (RET) and creatine supplementation (CR). Male (n = 24) and female (n = 18) participants with minimal resistance-exercise-training experience (≥1 year) who were participating in at least 30 min of structured physical activity (i.e., walking, jogging, cycling) 3–5 ×/wk volunteered for the study. Participants were randomly assigned in blocks (gender) to supplement with creatine (CR: 0.25 g/kg lean-tissue mass for 7 days; 0.06 g/kg lean-tissue mass for 49 days; n = 22, 12 males, 10 female) or isocaloric placebo (PL: n = 20, 12 male, 8 female) and engage in a whole-body RET program for 8 wk. Eighteen participants were classified as vegetarian (lacto-ovo or vegan; CR: 5 male, 5 female; PL: 3 male, 5 female). Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were taken before and after the intervention and analyzed for IGF-I using standard immunohistochemical procedures. Stained muscle cross-sections were examined microscopically and IGF-I content quantified using image-analysis software. Results showed that RET increased intramuscular IGF-I content by 67%, with greater accumulation from CR (+78%) than PL (+54%; p = .06). There were no differences in IGF-I between vegetarians and nonvegetarians. These findings indicate that creatine supplementation during resistance-exercise training increases intramuscular IGF-I concentration in healthy men and women, independent of habitual dietary routine.

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The relative contributions of lean tissue mass and fat mass to bone density in young women

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2005.04.038 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 474-481 ◽

Cited By ~ 162

Author(s):

M.C. Wang ◽

L.K. Bachrach ◽

M. Van Loan ◽

M. Hudes ◽

K.M. Flegal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Density ◽

Young Women ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass

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The ACTN3 Gene and Differences between Playing Positions in Bone Mineral Content, Fat Mass and Lean Tissue Mass in the Arms, Legs and Trunk Of Rugby Union Football Players

Journal of Exercise Sports & Orthopedics ◽

10.15226/2374-6904/2/2/00123 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Bell W

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Rugby Union ◽

Football Players ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass

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Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Body Composition and Improves Physiological Markers of Stress in HIV-Infected Men

ISRN AIDS ◽

10.5402/2012/145127 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Wesley David Dudgeon ◽

Jason Reed Jaggers ◽

Kenneth Doyle Phillips ◽

John Larry Durstine ◽

Stephanie E. Burgess ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Salivary Cortisol ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Peak Strength ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Tissue Mass

HIV/AIDS and its treatment often alter body composition and result in poorer physical functioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise program on body composition and the hormones and cytokines associated with adverse health outcomes. HIV-infected males (N=111) were randomized to an exercise group (EX) who completed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training, or to a nonintervention control group (CON). In pre- and postintervention, body composition was estimated via DXA, peak strength was assessed, and resting blood samples were obtained. There was a decrease in salivary cortisol at wake (P=0.025) in the EX and a trend (P=0.07) for a decrease 1 hour after waking. The EX had a significant increase in lean tissue mass (LTM) (P<0.001) following the intervention. Those in the EX below median body fat (20%) increased LTM (P=0.014) only, while those above 20% decreased fat mass (P=0.02), total fat (N=0.009), and trunk fat (P=0.001), while also increasing LTM (P=0.027). Peak strength increased between 14% and 28% on all exercises in the EX group. These data indicate that 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training can decrease salivary cortisol levels, improve physical performance, and improve body composition in HIV-infected men.

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Strategic creatine supplementation and resistance training in healthy older adults

Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1139/apnm-2014-0498 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (7) ◽

pp. 689-694 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Darren G. Candow ◽

Emelie Vogt ◽

Sarah Johannsmeyer ◽

Scott C. Forbes ◽

Jonathan P. Farthing

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Creatine Supplementation ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass ◽

Leg Press ◽

Repeated Measures Design

Creatine supplementation in close proximity to resistance training may be an important strategy for increasing muscle mass and strength; however, it is unknown whether creatine supplementation before or after resistance training is more effective for aging adults. Using a double-blind, repeated measures design, older adults (50–71 years) were randomized to 1 of 3 groups: creatine before (CR-B: n = 15; creatine (0.1 g/kg) immediately before resistance training and placebo (0.1 g/kg cornstarch maltodextrin) immediately after resistance training), creatine after (CR-A: n = 12; placebo immediately before resistance training and creatine immediately after resistance training), or placebo (PLA: n = 12; placebo immediately before and immediately after resistance training) for 32 weeks. Prior to and following the study, body composition (lean tissue, fat mass; dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) and muscle strength (1-repetition maximum leg press and chest press) were assessed. There was an increase over time for lean tissue mass and muscle strength and a decrease in fat mass (p < 0.05). CR-A resulted in greater improvements in lean tissue mass (Δ 3.0 ± 1.9 kg) compared with PLA (Δ 0.5 ± 2.1 kg; p < 0.025). Creatine supplementation, independent of the timing of ingestion, increased muscle strength more than placebo (leg press: CR-B, Δ 36.6 ± 26.6 kg; CR-A, Δ 40.8 ± 38.4 kg; PLA, Δ 5.6 ± 35.1 kg; chest press: CR-B, Δ 15.2 ± 13.0 kg; CR-A, Δ 15.7 ± 12.5 kg; PLA, Δ 1.9 ± 14.7 kg; p < 0.025). Compared with resistance training alone, creatine supplementation improves muscle strength, with greater gains in lean tissue mass resulting from post-exercise creatine supplementation.

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