Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Body Composition and Improves Physiological Markers of Stress in HIV-Infected Men

HIV/AIDS and its treatment often alter body composition and result in poorer physical functioning. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a moderate-intensity exercise program on body composition and the hormones and cytokines associated with adverse health outcomes. HIV-infected males (N=111) were randomized to an exercise group (EX) who completed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training, or to a nonintervention control group (CON). In pre- and postintervention, body composition was estimated via DXA, peak strength was assessed, and resting blood samples were obtained. There was a decrease in salivary cortisol at wake (P=0.025) in the EX and a trend (P=0.07) for a decrease 1 hour after waking. The EX had a significant increase in lean tissue mass (LTM) (P<0.001) following the intervention. Those in the EX below median body fat (20%) increased LTM (P=0.014) only, while those above 20% decreased fat mass (P=0.02), total fat (N=0.009), and trunk fat (P=0.001), while also increasing LTM (P=0.027). Peak strength increased between 14% and 28% on all exercises in the EX group. These data indicate that 6 weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training can decrease salivary cortisol levels, improve physical performance, and improve body composition in HIV-infected men.

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Exercise improves long-term social and behavioral rhythms in older adults: Did it play a role during the COVID-19 lockdown?

Journal of Public Health Research ◽

10.4081/jphr.2021.2432 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Giulia Cossu ◽

Cesar Ivan Abbile Gonzalez ◽

Luigi Minerba ◽

Roberto Demontis ◽

Massimiliano Pau ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Behavioral Rhythms

The study aimed to verify whether exercise training in older adults can improve social behavioral rhythms (SBR) and if any modification is maintained over time. Older adults (n=120) from a previous randomized controlled trial, were randomly allocated to either a moderate-intensity exercise group or a control group. SBR was evaluated at t0, t26, and t48 weeks (during the COVID-19 lockdown), using the brief social rhythms scale (BSRS). Seventy-nine participants completed the follow-up (age 72.3±4.7, women 55.3%). An improvement in the BSRS score was found in the exercise group at 26 weeks (p=0.035) when the exercise program was concluded, and it was maintained at 48 weeks (p=0.013). No improvements were observed in the control group. To conclude, SBR, previously found as a resilience factor in older adults during COVID-19, appear to improve after a moderate 12 weeks exercise program, and the improvement persisted even after stopping exercise during the COVID-19 lockdown.

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Abstract 19037: Exercise Reduces 24-hr Blood Pressure and Albuminuria in Patients with Moderate Diabetic Kidney Disease

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.19037 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 130 (suppl_2) ◽

Author(s):

Ulf G Bronas ◽

Marc Weber ◽

Paul Drawz ◽

John Bantle ◽

Daniel Duprez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Inverse Association ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise

Introduction: Observational studies have shown an inverse association between physical function and CVD mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) through unknown mechanisms. We have previously reported a significant exercise-induced reduction in resting blood pressure (BP) in 85 patients with stage 2-4 type 2 diabetes related CKD (DKD). The efficacy of exercise to reduce 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that 12wks of exercise would reduce 24-hr ABP and ACR in patients with stage 3-4 DKD and hypertension, compared to the control group. Methods: We randomly assigned 28 participants (21 male, age 62.9 yrs, BMI 34.8 kg/m2) with stage 3-4 DKD and hypertension (141(17)/75 (10) mmHg) to either 12-wks of moderate-intensity exercise training, 4x/wk for 45 minutes (n=15) or a usual medical care control group (n=13). The primary endpoint was change in 24-hr ABP at 12-wks. Results: There were no significant differences between groups in baseline demographic or medical variables. There were no changes in pharmacological variables at 12-week follow-up; group comparisons were analyzed by ANCOVA using baseline and exercise performed as covariates. Systolic BP levels and ACR were significantly reduced in the exercise-intervention group compared to the control group (Table 1). Reductions in diastolic BP levels were not significant between groups. Heart rate variables did not differ between groups. There was a strong inverse association between change in aerobic capacity and change in systolic and diastolic BP levels in the exercise group only (r=-.56, p=.039, and -.66, p=.011). Conclusion: This study suggests that exercise training imparts a favorable modulation of BP levels and ACR in patients with stage 3-4 DKD, potentially providing insight into the cardioprotective effect of exercise in this population.

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The effects of an individualized exercise intervention on body composition in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802007000100005 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 22-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Claudio Battaglini ◽

Martim Bottaro ◽

Carolyn Dennehy ◽

Logan Rae ◽

Edgar Shields ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Body Composition ◽

Resistance Training ◽

Cancer Treatment ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Changes in metabolism have been reported in the majority of patients undergoing cancer treatment, and these are usually characterized by progressive change in body composition. The effects of aerobic exercise programs to combat the cancer and cancer treatment-related side effects, which include the negative changes in body composition, have been extensively reported in the literature. However, few resistance exercise intervention studies have hypothesized that breast cancer patients might benefit from this type of exercise. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise protocols that emphasize resistance training would change body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Randomized controlled trial, at the Campus Recreation Center and Rocky Mountain Cancer Rehabilitation Institute of the University of Northern Colorado, and the North Colorado Medical Center. METHODS: Twenty inactive breast cancer patients were randomly assigned to a 21-week exercise group (n = 10) or a control group (n = 10). The exercise group trained at low to moderate intensity for 60 minutes on two days/week. The primary outcome measurements included body composition (skinfold method) and muscle strength (one repetition maximum). RESULTS: Significant differences in lean body mass, body fat and strength (p = 0.004, p = 0.004, p = 0.025, respectively) were observed between the groups at the end of the study. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that exercise emphasizing resistance training promotes positive changes in body composition and strength in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment.

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The Experimental Effects of Acute Exercise on Long-Term Emotional Memory

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm7120486 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 486 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Breanna Wade ◽

Paul Loprinzi

Keyword(s):

Acute Exercise ◽

Group Interaction ◽

Emotional Memory ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Main Effect ◽

Randomized Controlled Experiment ◽

Memory Recognition

Emerging work suggests that acute, moderate-intensity aerobic exercise may help to subserve episodic memory of neutral stimuli. Less investigated, however, is whether acute exercise is associated with enhanced memory recognition of emotional stimuli, which was the purpose of this experiment. A parallel-group randomized controlled experiment was employed. Participants (mean age = 20 yr) were randomized into an exercise (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group engaged in a 15-min bout of moderate-intensity treadmill walking. Emotional memory recognition was assessed via images from the International Affective Picture System, including assessments of varying degrees of valence and arousal. Memory recognition was assessed at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-memory encoding. We observed a significant main effect for time (F(2) = 104.2, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.77) and a significant main effect for valence–arousal classification (F(4) = 21.39, p < 0.001, η2p = 0.40), but there was no significant time by group interaction (F(2) = 1.09, p = 0.34, η2p = 0.03), classification by group interaction (F(4) = 0.12, p = 0.97, η2p = 0.01), time by classification interaction (F(8) = 1.78, p = 0.08, η2p = 0.05), or time by classification by group interaction (F(8) = 0.78, p = 0.62, η2p = 0.02). In conclusion, emotional memory recognition decreased over the 14-day follow-up period and this rate of memory decay was not altered by acute moderate-intensity exercise engagement. We discuss these findings in the context of exercise intensity and the temporal effects of exercise.

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Abstract 452: Effect of Exercise Training on Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Post Myocardial Infarction Patients

Circulation Research ◽

10.1161/res.119.suppl_1.452 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 119 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Jayati Vohra ◽

Kushal Madan ◽

Manish Sharma ◽

J.P.S Sawhney

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Physical Functioning ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Experimental Group

Objectives: To study the effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise training, on sleep quality and quality of life parameters like anxiety, depression and physical functioning in Post Myocardial Infarction (MI) patients. Methods: ST elevated MI patients (n=21, <65years age) were voluntarily divided into 2 groups, control group (n=11) and exercising group (n=10). The patients in experimental group followed an exercise program of 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. The subjective quality of life, anxiety and depression levels were assessed by the SF 36 questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale (HAD scale) and the sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration was defined as PSQI > 5 and total sleep time <6hrs. respectively. After 4 weeks of the program the questionnaires were repeated for all 21 patients. Wilcoxon rank order test and Student T test were used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant Results: Intergroup analysis showed statically significant reduction in anxiety score (9vs0.5) and depression score (3vs0) in exercise group as compared to control group respectively. As compared to control group, exercise group also showed statistically significant improvement in the quality of life parameter score [physical functioning (750vs1000), role functioning physical (0vs400) & emotional (0vs300), energy level (215vs400), emotional well-being (400vs500), social functioning (120vs200), general health (230vs462.5) & health changes (50vs100)]. Intra group analysis also showed significant changes only in exercise group. After 4 weeks of exercise training, PSQI score improved in the experimental group from 9.5±4.11 to 1.13±0.35 (p=0.00029) indicating better sleep quality and duration. While it remained comparable to the baseline values in the control group i.e. from 9.9±4.70 to 10.33±3.87 (p value= 0.514). Conclusion: Four weeks of exercise program improves the quality & duration of sleep and quality of life in MI patients after 2 weeks of index event.

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Body Composition Changes Following a Concurrent Exercise Intervention in Perimenopausal Women: The FLAMENCO Project Randomized Controlled Trial

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8101678 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1678

Author(s):

Irene Coll-Risco ◽

Pedro Acosta-Manzano ◽

Milkana Borges-Cosic ◽

Daniel Camiletti-Moiron ◽

Pilar Aranda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Bone Mineral Content ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Mineral Content ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Perimenopausal Women

We assessed the effects of a 16-week primary-care-based exercise program on body composition in perimenopausal women. The women (n = 150) were randomized into control (n = 75) or exercise (n = 75) groups. Exercise was provided in a 16-week (60 min/session, 3 days/week) concurrent program. Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. These are secondary analyses of the FLAMENCO Project (Clinical Trials Reference NCT02358109). In the intention-to-treat analyses, the control group showed no changes in body mass index (BMI) between post- and pre-test, whereas the exercise group showed a 0.75 kg/m2 decrease in BMI (95% CI: −1.29 to −0.22; p = 0.006). Gynoid and android fat mass in control group decreased by 98.3 g and 46.1 g after the 16 weeks, whereas they decreased by 213 g and 139 g in the exercise group, respectively (95% CI: −209 to −3.86; p = 0.042 and 95% CI: −164 to −26.9; p = 0.007, respectively). The control group decreased their pelvis bone mineral content by 2.85 g in the post-test compared with the pre-test, whereas the exercise group increased it by 1.13 g (95% CI: 0.93 to 7.81; p = 0.013). Per-protocol analyses showed similar results. These analyses suggest that the exercise intervention decreased fat depositions and BMI. Exercise might improve bone mineral content in specific areas such as the pelvis.

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Lean Tissue Mass And Fat Mass Changes In HIV-infected Persons Following Moderate Intensity Exercise Training

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1097/00005768-200505001-00664 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 37 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S127

Author(s):

Wesley D. Dudgeon ◽

Kenneth D. Phillips ◽

Stephanie E. Burgess ◽

J. Larry Durstine ◽

Gregory A. Hand

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Lean Tissue ◽

Tissue Mass ◽

Lean Tissue Mass

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Aerobic Exercise Training and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.7.4.374 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 374-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Richard A. Boileau ◽

Edward McAuley ◽

Demetra Demetriou ◽

Naveen K. Devabhaktuni ◽

Gregory L. Dykstra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Aerobic Exercise ◽

Exercise Program ◽

The Elderly ◽

Aerobic Exercise Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Before And After

A trial was conducted to examine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise training (AET) on cardiorespiratory (CR) fitness. Previously sedentary participants, age 60-75 years, were randomly assigned to either AET treatment or a control group for 6 months. The AET consisted of walking for 40 min three times/week at an intensity that elevated heart rate to 65% of maximum heart rate reserve. The control group performed a supervised stretching program for 40 min three times/week. CR fitness was assessed before and after the treatments during a grade-incremented treadmill walking test. Both absolute and relative peak V̇O2 significantly increased (p < .01) in the AET group, whereas they decreased modestly in the control group. Maximum treadmill time increased significantly (p < .01) in the AET group relative to the control group. These results indicate that CR fitness as measured by peak V̇O2 modestly improves in the elderly with a moderate-intensity, relatively long-term aerobic exercise program.

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Impact of exercise training on fatigue, severity of nocturnal leg cramps, and sleep quality in chronic venous insufficiency

Turkish Journal of Vascular Surgery ◽

10.9739/tjvs.2021.981 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 141-147

Author(s):

Sedat Yiğit ◽

Birol Yamak ◽

Dilek Yamak ◽

Yavuz Yakut ◽

Serkan Usgu

Keyword(s):

Exercise Training ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Chronic Venous Insufficiency ◽

Venous Insufficiency ◽

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Strengthening Exercises ◽

Fatigue Severity

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on fatigue, nocturnal leg cramps, and sleep quality in patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Patients and methods: A total of 42 patients with CVI (5 males, 37 females; mean age: 47.3±10.5 years; range, 25 to 67 years) were included in the study. The patients were randomly allocated to the exercise (n=21) group or control (n=21) group. The exercise group received stretching and strengthening exercises for the lower extremities for six weeks. The control group did not receive any exercise training. The severity of pain and leg cramps was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) was used to determine the severity of fatigue, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to determine the sleep quality. The assessments were performed at baseline and at the end of the study (Week 6). Results: The outcome measures of the two groups were comparable at baseline (p>0.05). Following exercise training, reduced severity of pain and leg cramps, as well as fatigue and improved sleep quality were observed in the exercise group (p<0.05). Control group showed an increase in the severity of leg cramps and a reduction in sleep quality (p<0.05). Conclusion: Exercise training reduces the severity of nocturnal leg cramps and leg fatigue and improves sleep quality. A regular exercise program can be a useful alternative treatment for the management of CVI symptoms.

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PO-098 Effect of HIIT on mitochondrial telomerase of skeletal muscle in aged rats

Exercise Biochemistry Review ◽

10.14428/ebr.v1i3.11723 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Yiyi Liu ◽

Hao Su ◽

Zhongye Jiang ◽

Tianhao Wen ◽

Jia Shao

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Group ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Intensity Exercise ◽

Aging Rats ◽

Age Related ◽

Significant Difference

Objective The HIIT and moderate-intensity exercise are two different exercise models among the public fitness. In recent years, HIIT become more and more popular, unfortunately, there is a tremendous lack of research being done effects of mitochondrial reverse transcriptase (TERT) on age-related degeneration of skeletal muscle by HIIT. The purpose of this study was to compare the HIIT group and moderate-intensity group, and research difference of telomerase expression and cardiopulmonary endurance between the exercise group and the quiet control group was discussed. Methods fifty-nine male Wistar rats were divided into three groups at random: control group (Q=19), moderate-intensity intervention group (M=20), and HIIT intervention group (H=20). The rats in Q group did not any exercise, and the rats in M group developed the exercise with 60% VO2max intensity for 8 weeks. H group did a training program for an 8-week exercise with alternating 40%, 60%, and 80% VO2max intensities. The rats in the experimental group were exercised for 50 minutes every day and trained for 5 days per week. After the baseline value group was sampled, each group of rats was selected after the training reached the specified number of weeks (4 and 8 weeks), and the maximum oxygen uptake test was performed before the material was taken. Single factor analysis of variance were used to assess differences in VO2max, and expression of protein between conditions. Results It was found that H group VO2max was significantly higher than M group and Q group (P<0.05). At same time, the mTERT expression of the M group at the 4th week was significantly higher than that of the Q group (P<0.05). The mTERT expression in group H was significantly higher than that in group Q at week 8 (P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the H group and the Q group at 8th week (P<0.05). Conclusions 1. HIIT exercise lasting for 8 weeks can effectively inhibit the decrease of maximal oxygen uptake in aging rats compared with moderate exercise. 2. HIIT training for 8 weeks promotes the expression of mTERT; 3. The maintenance of VO2max in aging rats may be related to the enhancement of mitochondrial antioxidant function by HIIT-promoted TERT to mitochondrial translocation.

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