Soil Acidity and Plant Growth

Soil Science ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 903 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Robson ◽  
C. D. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Acidity

scholarly journals Mung bean response during immobilization of exchangeable aluminum in acidic soil

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Skwira ◽  
Agata Jakóbik-Kolon ◽  
Jerzy Ciba
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Aluminum Concentration ◽  
Soil Incubation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exchangeable Al ◽  
Exchangeable Aluminum ◽  
General Improvement ◽  
Stalk Length

AbstractA soil incubation and shot-term plant growth experiment was conducted to study the effect of ferruginous mineral application on exchangeable Al immobilization. The mineral containing mainly siderite was mixed at various rates with A-horizon soil and incubated at 80% humidity for 45 days. Following the incubation, a short-term plant growth test was carried out using mung beans. The ferruginous mineral application into tested soil resulted in a reduction of the exchangeable aluminum concentration and soil acidity. An increase in root growth and stalk length, as well as a general improvement of plant condition was observed in the case of ferruginous mineral application. This observation was confirmed by chemical analysis of roots and stalks. The greatest amount of essential elements: calcium and magnesium and the lowest amount of aluminum were determined in green part of mung beans sown in the soil with addition of 2% ferruginous mineral.

Short-term nickel residual effect in field-grown soybeans: Nickel-enriched soil acidity amendments promote plant growth and safe soil nickel levels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Wurr Rodak ◽  
Douglas Siqueira Freitas ◽  
Leonardo Franco Bernardes ◽  
G. J. E. D. O. Lima ◽  
A. R. D. Reisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Promote Plant Growth

scholarly journals The Potential of Clover Green Amendment, Associated with Biochar, Activated Carbon or Ochre, for the Phytoremediation, Using Populus x. canescens, of a Former Mine Technosol

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1374
Author(s):  
Manhattan Lebrun ◽  
Sylvain Bourgerie ◽  
Domenico Morabito
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Remediation Strategy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Assisted Phytoremediation

Metal(loid) soil pollution resulting from past and present mine activities is a serious environmental and health issues worldwide. Therefore, the remediation of those polluted areas has been a growing research interest over the last decades, especially the assisted phytoremediation. In this study, a pot experiment was set up, using a former mine technosol, highly polluted by As and Pb, to which biochar, activated carbon, or ochre was applied, alone or in combination to clover green amendment. Following amendment application, Populus x. canescens cuttings were planted. Results showed that all four amendments reduced soil acidity. However only the first three amendments immobilized As and Pb, while the green amendment drastically mobilized those two pollutants and none of the amendments improved plant growth. In conclusion, the association of clover green amendment to biochar, activated carbon, or ochre did not appear as an efficient remediation strategy in this case; although the aging of the amendments and degradation of the green amendment in the soil with time could have positive outcomes.

scholarly journals Availability of a soluble phosphorus source applied to soil samples with different acidicity levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1126-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Almeida Viégas ◽  
Roberto Ferreira Novais ◽  
Fernanda Schulthais
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Buffering Capacity ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Soil Buffering ◽  
Bray 1

Considerations on the interactions of P in the soil-plant system have a long history, but are still topical and not yet satisfactorily understood. One concern is the effect of liming before or after application of soluble sources on the crop yield and efficiency of available P under these conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil acidity on availability of P from a soluble source, based on plant growth and chemical extractants. Nine soil samples were incubated with a dose of 200 mg kg-1 P in soil with different levels of previously adjusted acidity (pH H2O 4.5; 5.0; 5.5; 6.0 and 6.5) and compared to soils without P application. After 40 days of soil incubation with a P source, each treatment was limed again so that all pH values were adjusted to 6.5 and then sorghum was planted. After the first and second liming the P levels were determined by the extractants Mehlich-1, Bray-1 and Resin, and the fractionated inorganic P forms. In general, the different acidity levels did not influence the P availability measured by plant growth and P uptake at the studied P dose. For some soils however these values increased or decreased according to the initial soil pH (from 4.5 to 6.5). Plant growth, P uptake and P extractable by Mehlich-1 and Bray-1 were significantly correlated, unlike resin-extractable P, at pH values raised to 6.5. These latter correlations were however significant before the second liming. The P contents extracted by Mehlich-1 and Bray-1 were significantly correlated with each other in the entire test range of soil acidity, even after adjusting pH to 6.5, besides depending on the soil buffering capacity for P. Resin was also sensitive to the properties that express the soil buffering capacity for P, but less clearly than Mehlich-1 and Bray-1. The application of triple superphosphate tended to increase the levels of P-Al, P-Fe and P-Ca and the highest P levels extracted by Bray-1 were due to a higher occurrence of P-Al and P-Fe in the soils.

Macronutrients—Calcium, Magnesium, and Sulfur

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Keefer
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Plant Nutrients ◽  
Microbial Decomposition ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Liming Material ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
S Oxidation

Application of limestone to a soil changes the (a) soil physical properties by encouraging granulation and improving tilth; (b) soil chemical properties by decreasing soil acidity, increasing availability of a number of essential plant nutrients, and decreasing levels of aluminum, iron, and manganese that potentially may be toxic; and (c) soil biological properties by improving conditions for micriobial organic matter decomposition with release of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur for plant use, and by stimulating root development. Granulation Encouraged. Applying lime to soils improves soil physical conditions by encouraging granulation and crumb formation and aggregation. Tilth Improved. Tilth is the ability to work or cultivate a soil. By improving physical conditions with more granulation and crumb formation, soil tilth is improved. Lowering H+ Concentration (Acidity). When lime is applied to a soil, acidity is reduced and pH is raised. This is especially important in the humid regions where rainfall and other factors constantly make a soil more acid (explained in Chapter 9). Plant Nutrient Availability Increased. Liming a soil will increase availability of plant nutrients by (a) increasing Ca and Mg in the soil from added liming material; (b) adjusting soil to a higher pH so that N, P, K, S, and Mo are solubilized; and (c) reducing solubility of potentially toxic levels of Fe, Al, or Mn. Lowering of Potentially Toxic Levels of Al, Fe, and Mn. At very low soil pH, Al, Fe, and Mn are soluble and may be present in a high enough concentration to be toxic to plant growth. When lime is applied, the pH increases and these three elements become less soluble and less available for plants. Microbial Decomposition Enhanced. Soils that are limed provide conditions for active microbial decomposition of organic materials in soils, resulting in mineralization and release of N, P, and S in forms that plants can use. Liming also increases the amount of humus formed, thereby improving water infiltration and water-holding capacity. Furthermore, liming soils stimulates other types of biological transformations, such as nitrification, N-fixation, and S-oxidation, that improve plant growth. Deep Rooting Stimulated.

scholarly journals Biochars Improve Nutrient Phyto-Availability of Hawai’i’s Highly Weathered Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnoldus Berek ◽  
Nguyen Hue ◽  
Theodore Radovich ◽  
Amjad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Weathered Soils ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Schleichera Oleosa ◽  
Highly Weathered Soils ◽  
Amended Soil

Highly weathered soils in Hawai’i are low in fertility, negatively affecting plant growth. The potential of biochar for improving soil nutrient availability to crops is promising, and prompts this study. Two biochars at 2% (w/w) made of lac tree (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken) wood and mixed wood (scrapped wood and tree trimmings) with and without vermicompost or thermocompost at 2% (w/w) were added to an Ultisol (Ustic Kanhaplohumult, Leilehua series) and an Oxisol (Rhodic haplustox, Wahiawa series) of Hawai’i. In each soil two additional treatments—lime + compost and un-amended soil—served as the control. Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa cv. Bonsai) was used as the test plant in two greenhouse plantings, which had a factorial completely randomized design with three replicates per treatment. The results indicated that soil acidity, nutrient in the soils, plant growth and nutrient uptake were improved by the amendments compared to the control. The combined additions of biochar and compost significantly increased pH and EC; reduced exchangeable Al; reduced Mn and Fe in the Oxisol; increased P, K, and Ca content of the soils; and increased Ca, Mg and Fe uptake. Exchangeable aluminum in the Ultisol decreased from 2.5 cmol+/kg to nil; Mehlich-3 extractable P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn in the Ultisol increased by 1478%, 2257%, 1457%, 258%, 125% and 72%, respectively compared to the un-amended soil, while the same nutrients increased or decreased in the Oxisol by 180%, 59%, 308%, −14%, and −36%, respectively. Shoot and total cabbage fresh and dry matters increased by 94%, 96%, 107%, and 112%, respectively, as compared to the lime plus compost treatment. Cabbage growth in the Ultisol amended with the lac tree wood biochar and vermicompost was almost twice over the lime and vermicompost treatment. Essential nutrients in the plant tissues, except for N and K, were sufficient for the cabbage growth, suggesting increases in nutrients and reduced soil acidity by the additions of biochar combined with compost were the probable cause. It is recommended that locally produced biochars and composts be used to improve plant nutrient availability in the highly weathered soils.

Mechanisms of ethylene biosynthesis and response in plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbon ◽  
Flower Senescence ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Step Process ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Ethylene Signalling

Ethylene is the simplest unsaturated hydrocarbon, yet it has profound effects on plant growth and development, including many agriculturally important phenomena. Analysis of the mechanisms underlying ethylene biosynthesis and signalling have resulted in the elucidation of multistep mechanisms which at first glance appear simple, but in fact represent several levels of control to tightly regulate the level of production and response. Ethylene biosynthesis represents a two-step process that is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-translational levels, thus enabling plants to control the amount of ethylene produced with regard to promotion of responses such as climacteric flower senescence and fruit ripening. Ethylene production subsequently results in activation of the ethylene response, as ethylene accumulation will trigger the ethylene signalling pathway to activate ethylene-dependent transcription for promotion of the response and for resetting the pathway. A more detailed knowledge of the mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and the ethylene response will ultimately enable new approaches to be developed for control of the initiation and progression of ethylene-dependent developmental processes, many of which are of horticultural significance.

Episodic whole plant growth patterns in Ligustrum

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff S. Kuehny ◽  
Mary C. Halbrooks
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Whole Plant
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