MPS 11-06 Improvement of pancreatic β-cell function and dyslipidemia by nicotine exposure in oral contraceptive induced insulin resistance is independent of glycogen synthase kinase-3

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. e270
Author(s):  
Olugbenga Michael ◽  
Oluwaseun Adeyanju ◽  
Taofeek Usman ◽  
Olaniyi Soetan ◽  
Emmanuel Areola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Nicotine Exposure ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Beyond the brain: disrupted in schizophrenia 1 regulates pancreatic β‐cell function via glycogen synthase kinase‐3β

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 983-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Jurczyk ◽  
Anetta Nowosielska ◽  
Natalia Przewozniak ◽  
Ken‐Edwin Aryee ◽  
Philip Dilorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3Β ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
The Brain

9-Cyano-1-azapaullone (Cazpaullone), a Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) Inhibitor Activating Pancreatic β Cell Protection and Replication

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 2196-2207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Stukenbrock ◽  
Rainer Mussmann ◽  
Marcus Geese ◽  
Yoan Ferandin ◽  
Olivier Lozach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Cell Protection ◽  
Β Cell

scholarly journals Maternal high-fat diet induces insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function in adult offspring with sex differences in mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (10) ◽  
pp. E1163-E1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Yokomizo ◽  
Toyoshi Inoguchi ◽  
Noriyuki Sonoda ◽  
Yuka Sakaki ◽  
Yasutaka Maeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Plasma Estradiol ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Estradiol Levels

Intrauterine environment may influence the health of postnatal offspring. There have been many studies on the effects of maternal high-fat diet (HFD) on diabetes and glucose metabolism in offspring. Here, we investigated the effects in male and female offspring. C57/BL6J mice were bred and fed either control diet (CD) or HFD from conception to weaning, and offspring were fed CD or HFD from 6 to 20 wk. At 20 wk, maternal HFD induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in offspring. Additionally, liver triacylglycerol content, adipose tissue mass, and inflammation increased in maternal HFD. In contrast, extending previous observations, insulin secretion at glucose tolerance test, islet area, insulin content, and PDX-1 mRNA levels in isolated islets were lower in maternal HFD in males, whereas they were higher in females. Oxidative stress in islets increased in maternal HFD in males, whereas there were no differences in females. Plasma estradiol levels were lower in males than in females and decreased in offspring fed HFD and also decreased by maternal HFD, suggesting that females may be protected from insulin deficiency by inhibiting oxidative stress. In conclusion, maternal HFD induced insulin resistance and deterioration of pancreatic β-cell function, with marked sex differences in adult offspring accompanied by adipose tissue inflammation and liver steatosis. Additionally, our results demonstrate that potential mechanisms underlying sex differences in pancreatic β-cell function may be related partially to increases in oxidative stress in male islets and decreased plasma estradiol levels in males.

scholarly journals Estimates of Insulin Secretory Function in Apparently Healthy Volunteers Vary as a Function of How the Relevant Variables Are Quantified

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry R Johns ◽  
Fahim Abbasi ◽  
Gerald M Reaven
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell Function

BACKGROUND Several surrogate estimates have been used to define relationships between insulin action and pancreatic β-cell function in healthy individuals. Because it is unclear how conclusions about insulin secretory function depend on specific estimates used, we evaluated the effect of different approaches to measurement of insulin action and secretion on observations of pancreatic β-cell function in individuals whose fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was <7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL). METHODS We determined 2 indices of insulin secretion [homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) and daylong insulin response to mixed meals], insulin action [homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and steady-state plasma glucose (SSPG) concentration during the insulin suppression test], and degree of glycemia [fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and daylong glucose response to mixed meals] in 285 individuals with FPG <7.0 mmol/L. We compared the relationship between the 2 measures of insulin secretion as a function of the measures of insulin action and degree of glycemia. RESULTS Assessment of insulin secretion varied dramatically as a function of which of the 2 methods was used and which measure of insulin resistance or glycemia served as the independent variable. For example, the correlation between insulin secretion (HOMA-β) and insulin resistance varied from an r value of 0.74 (when HOMA-IR was used) to 0.22 (when SSPG concentration was used). CONCLUSIONS Conclusions about β-cell function in nondiabetic individuals depend on the measurements used to assess insulin action and insulin secretion. Viewing estimates of insulin secretion in relationship to measures of insulin resistance and/or degree of glycemia does not mean that an unequivocal measure of pancreatic β-cell function has been obtained.

scholarly journals The Estrogenic Effect of Bisphenol A Disrupts Pancreatic β-Cell Function In Vivo and Induces Insulin Resistance

2006 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Alonso-Magdalena ◽  
Sumiko Morimoto ◽  
Cristina Ripoll ◽  
Esther Fuentes ◽  
Angel Nadal
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Estrogenic Effect ◽  
Β Cell Function

scholarly journals Oral hormonal therapy with ethinylestradiol–levonorgestrel improves insulin resistance, obesity, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 independent of circulating mineralocorticoid in estrogen-deficient rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 577-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun A. Adeyanju ◽  
Olaniyi A. Soetan ◽  
Ayodele O. Soladoye ◽  
Lawrence A. Olatunji
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Hormonal Therapy ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycogen Synthase ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Ovx Rats

Estrogen deficiency has been associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases , and recent clinical trials of standard formulations of hormonal therapies have not demonstrated consistent beneficial effects. Estrogen–progestin therapy has been used as exogenous estrogen to normalize depressed estrogen level during menopause. Ovariectomized rodents mimic an estrogen-deficient state in that they develop cardiometabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance (IR). We therefore hypothesized that hormonal therapy with combined oral contraceptive steroids, ethinylestradiol–levonorgestrel (EEL), improves IR, obesity, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) through reduction of circulating mineralocorticoid in ovariectomized rats. Twelve-week-old female Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: sham-operated (SHM) and ovariectomized (OVX) rats were treated with or without EEL (1.0 μg ethinylestradiol and 5.0 μg levonorgestrel) daily for 8 weeks. Results showed that OVX or SHM + EEL treated rats had increased HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment of IR), 1 h postload glucose, HOMA-β, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), TC/HDL cholesterol, TG/HDL cholesterol, plasma insulin, GSK-3, corticosterone, and aldosterone. On the other hand, OVX + EEL treatment ameliorated all these effects except that of aldosterone. Taken together, the results demonstrate that oral hormonal replacement with EEL improves IR and pancreatic β-cell function and suppresses GSK-3 and glucocorticoid independent of circulating aldosterone, suggesting a positive cardiometabolic effect of oral EEL therapy in estrogen-deficient rats.

scholarly journals Assessment of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Resistance in Human

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-654
Author(s):  
So Young Park ◽  
Jean-François Gautier ◽  
Suk Chon
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Dynamic Test ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cell ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Impaired Insulin ◽  
Β Cell Function

The impaired insulin secretion and increased insulin resistance (or decreased insulin sensitivity) play a major role in the pathogenesis of all types of diabetes mellitus (DM). It is very important to assess the pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/ sensitivity to determine the type of DM and to plan an optimal management and prevention strategy for DM. So far, various methods and indices have been developed to assess the β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity based on static, dynamic test and calculation of their results. In fact, since the metabolism of glucose and insulin is made through a complex process related with various stimuli in several tissues, it is difficult to fully reflect the real physiology. In order to solve the theoretical and practical difficulties, research on new index is still in progress. Also, it is important to select the appropriate method and index for the purpose of use and clinical situation. This review summarized a variety of traditional methods and indices to evaluate pancreatic β-cell function and insulin resistance/sensitivity and introduced novel indices.

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