Intergenerational Effects of Sevoflurane in Young Adult Rats

Abstract Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New Background Sevoflurane administered to neonatal rats induces neurobehavioral abnormalities and epigenetic reprogramming of their germ cells; the latter can pass adverse effects of sevoflurane to future offspring. As germ cells are susceptible to reprogramming by environmental factors across the lifespan, the authors hypothesized that sevoflurane administered to adult rats could induce neurobehavioral abnormalities in future offspring, but not in the exposed rats themselves. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with 2.1% sevoflurane for 3 h every other day between postnatal days 56 and 60. Twenty-five days later, exposed rats and nonexposed controls were mated to produce offspring. Results Adult male but not female offspring of exposed parents of either sex exhibited deficiencies in elevated plus maze (mean ± SD, offspring of both exposed parents vs. offspring of control parents, 35 ± 12 vs. 15 ± 15 s, P < 0.001) and prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (offspring of both exposed parents vs. offspring of control parents, 46.504 ± 13.448 vs. 25.838 ± 22.866%, P = 0.009), and increased methylation and reduced expression of the potassium ion-chloride ion cotransporter KCC2 gene (Kcc2) in the hypothalamus. Kcc2 was also hypermethylated in sperm and ovary of the exposed rats. Surprisingly, exposed male rats also exhibited long-term abnormalities in functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal and -adrenal axes, reduced expression of hypothalamic and hippocampal Kcc2, and deficiencies in elevated plus maze (sevoflurane vs. control, 40 ± 24 vs. 25 ± 12 s, P = 0.038) and prepulse inhibition of startle (sevoflurane vs. control, 39.905 ± 21.507 vs. 29.193 ± 24.263%, P < 0.050). Conclusions Adult sevoflurane exposure affects brain development in male offspring by epigenetically reprogramming both parental germ cells, while it induces neuroendocrine and behavioral abnormalities only in exposed males. Sex steroids may be required for mediation of the adverse effects of adult sevoflurane in exposed males.

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Does neonatal brain ischemia induce schizophrenia-like behavior in young adult rats?

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.931056 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 815-823

Author(s):

H Tejkalová ◽

M Kaiser ◽

J Klaschka ◽

F Šťastný

Keyword(s):

Prepulse Inhibition ◽

Oxygen Deficiency ◽

Acoustic Startle ◽

Startle Reflex ◽

Artery Occlusion ◽

Carotid Artery Occlusion ◽

Acoustic Startle Reflex ◽

Male Rats ◽

Behavioral Disturbances ◽

Adult Rats

Perinatal cerebral hypoxia represents a major cause of obstetric complications and the resulting transient oxygen deficiency might belong to early risk factors for schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible long-term behavioral changes induced by one hour of continuous bilateral common carotid artery occlusion in 12-day-old male rats. Post-ischemic behavioral disturbances were evaluated in social (play) behavior on postnatal day 22 (PND 22), open field test (PND 35 and 50) and prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex (PND 50). Transient ischemia in neonatal rats was not significantly altered in social dyadic interactions evaluated in pre-weaning pups, but resulted in enhanced locomotor activity in pubertal rats (PND 35) and impaired prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex in post-pubertal males (PND 50). These behavioral alterations suggest that perinatal hypoxic/ischemic insults may represent a risk factor for later manifestation of specific features relevant to schizophrenia in predisposed individuals.

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Neonatal administration of fluoxetine did not alter the anxiety indicators, but decreased the locomotor activity in adult rats in the elevated plus-maze

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria ◽

10.1590/s0004-282x2008000600013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 844-847 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Valdenilson Ribeiro Ribas ◽

Helena Karine Rufino Aniceto ◽

Hugo André de Lima Martins ◽

Ketlin Helenise dos Santos Ribas ◽

Renata de Melo Guerra-Ribas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Locomotor Activity ◽

Adult Male ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

T Test ◽

Male Rats ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Neonatal Administration ◽

Anxiety Index

The objective of this study was evaluate the anxiety and locomotor activity (LA) in 52 Wistar adult male rats, being 26 treated with fluoxetine (10 mg/Kg - sc) in the neonatal period. These same rats received foot shock (FS) (1.6-mA - 2-s) in the 90th day. The anxiety and LA were appraised by plus-maze. The time spent in the open arms was used as anxiety index and the LA was measured by number of entries in closed arms (NECA) and the total of entries (TE). T-test was used with p<0.05 and expresses data in mean±SEM. There were reductions with the fluoxetine group in the NECA (2.35±0.33) and in the TE (3.96±0.61) compared to the controls (4.65±0.52) and (6.96±0.94). The neonatal administration of fluoxetine did not alter the anxiety, but reduced the LA in the animals that received FS.

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Age-Related Differences in Elevated Plus Maze Behavior between Adolescent and Adult Rats

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1196/annals.1308.057 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 1021 (1) ◽

pp. 427-430 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

TAMARA L. DOREMUS ◽

ELENA I. VARLINSKAYA ◽

LINDA PATIA SPEAR

Keyword(s):

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Age Related ◽

Plus Maze

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Dissimilar Anxiety-like Behavior in Prepubertal and Young Adult Female Rats on Acute Exposure to Aluminium

Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1871524922666211231095507 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Trina Sengupta ◽

Sutirtha Ghosh ◽

Archana Gaur T. ◽

Prasunpriya Nayak

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Young Adult ◽

Adult Female ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Age Groups ◽

Female Rats ◽

Acute Exposure ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Plus Maze

Background: Puberty is a developmental transition in which an estrogenic surge occurs, mediating the release of xenoestrogens, like aluminium. Aluminium’s effect on anxiety in rodents at the different developmental stages is inconsistent. Aims: This study aimed at investigating the effect of the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium on anxiety-like behavioral changes in prepubertal and young adult female rats. Objective: Considering this aim, our objective was to evaluate the anxiety-like behavior by the elevated plus maze in prepubertal and young adult female rats with or without acute exposure to aluminium. Methods: To address this property of aluminium, 5mg/Kg body weight (Al-5) and 10 mg/Kg body weight (Al-10) of aluminium was administered intraperitoneally to female rats at two developmental stages, prepubertal (PP; n = 8 for each dose) and young adult (YA; n = 6 for each dose) for two weeks. Post-treatment, three days behavioral assessment of the rats was done employing elevated plus maze. Results: Reduced escape latency was seen in Al-5, Al-10 pre-pubertal rats, and Al-5 young-adult rats on day 3. A significant reduction in open arm time was seen in the Al-5 young-adult rats. Aluminium treatment in the pre-pubertal rats reduced their head dipping and grooming. Reduced sniffing, head dipping, and stretch-attended posture in the treated young-adult female rats showed that they had impaired risk-taking tendency. Conclusion: Differential effect on the anxiety-like behavior in the pre-pubertal and young-adult female rats might be due to the metalloestrogenic property of aluminium, acting differently on the two age groups.

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Aqueous Extract of Semen Ziziphi Spinosae Exerts Anxiolytic Effects during Nicotine Withdrawal via Improvement of Amygdaloid CRF/CRF1R Signaling

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/2419183 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Changhong Gu ◽

ZhengLin Zhao ◽

Xiaodong Zhu ◽

Tong Wu ◽

Bong Hyo Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Extract ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Plasma Corticosterone ◽

Nicotine Withdrawal ◽

Corticotropin Releasing Factor ◽

Central Nucleus ◽

Male Rats ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Plus Maze

Anxiety during nicotine withdrawal (NicW) is a key risk factor for smoking relapse. Semen Ziziphi Spinosae (SZS), which is a prototypical hypnotic-sedative herb in Oriental medicine, has been clinically used to treat insomnia and general anxiety disorders for thousands of years. Thus, the present study evaluated the effects of the aqueous extract of SZS (AESZS) on NicW-induced anxiety in male rats that received subcutaneous administrations of nicotine (Nic) (0.4 mg/kg, twice a day) for 7 d followed by 4 d of withdrawal. During NicW, the rats received four intragastric treatments of AESZS (60 mg/kg/d or 180 mg/kg/d). AESZS dose-dependently attenuated NicW-induced anxiety-like behaviors in the elevated plus maze (EPM) tests and 180 mg/kg/d AESZS inhibited NicW-induced increases in plasma corticosterone. Additionally, the protein and mRNA expressions of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and CRF type 1 receptor (CRF1R) increased in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) during NicW, but these changes were suppressed by 180 mg/kg/d AESZS. A post-AESZS infusion of CRF into the CeA abolished the attenuation of anxiety by AESZS and 180 mg/kg/d AESZS suppressed NicW-induced increases in norepinephrine and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-phenylglycol levels in the CeA. The present results suggest that AESZS ameliorated NicW-induced anxiety via improvements in CRF/CRF1R and noradrenergic signaling in the CeA.

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Iron deficiency affects acoustic startle response and latency, but not prepulse inhibition in young adult rats

Physiology & Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.02.014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 87 (5) ◽

pp. 917-924 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Maggie S. Burhans ◽

Catherine Dailey ◽

Jason Wiesinger ◽

Laura E. Murray-Kolb ◽

Byron C. Jones ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Iron Deficiency ◽

Prepulse Inhibition ◽

Startle Response ◽

Acoustic Startle ◽

Acoustic Startle Response ◽

Adult Rats

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Effect of Surfagon on Open Field and Elevated Plus Maze Behavior of Gonadectomized and Non-Gonadectomized Male Rats

Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10517-019-04644-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 168 (1) ◽

pp. 52-54

Author(s):

O. O. Masalova ◽

S. B. Kazakova ◽

T. N. Savateeva-Lyubimova ◽

K. V. Sivak ◽

N. S. Sapronov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Field ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Male Rats ◽

Plus Maze

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Sensitivity to diazepam after a single session of forced swim stress in weaning Wistar rats

Acta Pharmaceutica ◽

10.2478/acph-2018-0027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 381-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Blandina Bernal-Morales ◽

Gabriel Guillén-Ruiz ◽

Jonathan Cueto-Escobedo ◽

Juan Francisco Rodríguez-Landa ◽

Carlos M. Contreras

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Elevated Plus Maze ◽

Open Field Test ◽

Clinical Applications ◽

Minimum Effective Dose ◽

Single Session ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Stressed Group ◽

Plus Maze ◽

Forced Swim Stress

Abstract The present study investigated the sensitivity to stress and diazepam in weaning (21-day old) Wistar rats. A single 15-min session of forced swimming was used to induce anxiety-like behavior. The group that was forced to swim exhibited an increase in anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field test (OFT) compared to the non-stressed group. Diazepam (1 h before the tests) reduced anxiety-like behavior in rats forced to swim compared to the vehicle stressed group. The dose-response curve for diazepam indicated that the 0.5 mg kg−1 dose (1 h before the EPM and OFT) was the minimum effective dose in reducing anxiety-like behavior without altering locomotor activity in weaning rats. These results indicate that weaning rats can develop anxiety-like behavior after a brief, single session of stress, and that rats at this age are seemingly more sensitive to diazepam than adult rats, which may be taken into account for clinical applications.

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