Differences in Blood Pressure and Workload Intensity During Arm and Leg Ergometry at Submaximal Target Heart Rates in College-Aged Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad J. Dias ◽  
Ethan DuClos ◽  
James Heath ◽  
Shelbi Nelson ◽  
Bethany Coffey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rates

scholarly journals Effect of Music on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Patients Undergoing Cataract Extraction Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 1474-1478
Author(s):  
Aditi Gadegone ◽  
Sachin Daigavane ◽  
Ruta Walavalkar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Topical Anaesthesia ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels

BACKGROUND Music is an inexpensive, easily available anxiolytic known to mankind since ages. Cataract extraction surgery is one of the widely performed surgeries under local anaesthesia. India is a developing country where limited resources are spent over health infrastructure which has to cater to a large population. In our study we have tried to utilize the anxietolytic effect of music in combating the anxiety and stress patients suffer during surgery. METHODS In this prospective, interventional study, 300 patients diagnosed with senile cataract were selected. The sample size was decided taking into consideration various prevalence studies. The patients were consequently recruited for the study considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into three groups - one undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under topical anaesthesia and two groups undergoing phacoemulsification surgery under local anaesthesia by the same surgeon in a same operating room. Two groups including the one where topical anaesthesia was used were made to listen to ‘Classical Sitar Music’ whereas one group was not made to listen to music. Blood pressure and heart rates were measured before and after surgery and compared in all patients. RESULTS Blood pressure and heart rates were statistically significantly normalized (lowered) post-operatively when compared to their pre-operative values in groups which were made to listen to music. There was a marked decrease in the anxiety levels in patients who were operated under topical anaesthesia when compared to those operated under local anaesthesia. CONCLUSIONS Music can be widely used in decreasing anxiety levels in patients undergoing cataract extraction surgery thereby improving the post-operative prognosis in patients in a cost-effective way. KEY WORDS Phacoemulsification Surgery, Classical Sitar Music, Peri-Bulbar Block, Topical Anaesthesia, Anxiety, Blood Pressure, Pulse Rate

Learned Control of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure

1971 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hnatiow
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Visual Display ◽  
Waveform Analysis ◽  
Target Range ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Continuous Measures

Cardiac rate-variability control and an initial demonstration of systolic blood-pressure variability control using visual feedback of physiological information were examined. Continuous measures of respiration, heart rate, EXG waveform analysis, and systolic blood pressure were obtained for both experimental groups and for yoked controls who saw the same visual display as the experimental Ss. Ss successful at reducing heart-rate variability showed clear changes in the P-R wave relationships of the EKG, indicating possible direct attempts to manipulate heart rate so as to reduce variability. Ss controlling blood-pressure variability who had high heart rates were more successful in reducing variability than those with low rates, possibly because of differential feedback to Ss with high and low heart rates. In addition, apparently as a reaction to E's adjustment of the visual target range, experimental Ss showed decreases in mean blood-pressure levels.

Role of adrenal catecholamines during forced submergence in ducks

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (6) ◽  
pp. R1364-R1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Lacombe ◽  
D. R. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Peripheral Vasoconstriction ◽  
Arterial Partial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Ph ◽  
Venous Infusion ◽  
Lactate Levels

Maximum underwater tolerance (UTmax) of chronically adrenalectomized ducks (ADX, 5.3 +/- 0.3 min) and chronically adrenal-denervated ducks (DNX, 7.2 +/- 0.2 min) was significantly lower than sham-operated controls (SH-ADX, 10 +/- 0.8 min; SH-DNX, 12.2 +/- 0.5 min). After 4 min forced submergence, heart rates of ADX (62 +/- 16 beats/min) and DNX (31 +/- 2 beats/min) ducks were significantly higher than in their respective sham-operated controls (23 +/- 3 and 17 +/- 2 beats/min), although their blood pressure was significantly lower. Arterial partial pressure of O2, arterial O2 content, arterial pH, and lactate levels in DNX ducks (42 +/- 2 mmHg, 4.5 +/- 0.8 ml O2/100 ml blood, 7.233 +/- 0.016, 3.1 +/- 0.3 mM, respectively) were significantly lower than in SH-DNX ducks after 5 min forced submergence (53 +/- 1 mmHg, 6.8 +/- 0.4 ml O2/100 ml blood, 7.301 +/- 0.007, 4.8 +/- 0.4 mM, respectively). Venous infusion of catecholamines in ADX and DNX ducks during forced submergence significantly increased UTmax. It is suggested that adrenal catecholamines increase tolerance to underwater submersion by enhancing peripheral vasoconstriction, thus preserving the O2 stores for the heart and brain. Other adrenal products could also be involved.

Beat-by-beat modulation of AV conduction. I. Heart rate and respiratory influences

1986 ◽  
Vol 251 (6) ◽  
pp. H1126-H1133 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Warner ◽  
J. M. Loeb
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Conduction Time ◽  
Atrial Pacing ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Av Conduction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cyclic Changes

We examined the integration of heart rate and neural influences at the atrioventricular (AV) node in conscious dogs. Animals were anesthetized and, under sterile conditions, instrumented to chronically record atrial and ventricular electrograms and blood pressure. In the conscious state, electrocardiogram (ECG), respiration, blood pressure, and electrograms were recorded on a beat-by-beat basis, and heart rate and AV interval were plotted graphically as a function of time. Resting animals exhibited both respiratory sinus arrhythmia and marked oscillations in AV conduction time associated with respiration. During inspiration AV interval was shortened, and during expiration AV interval was prolonged. To obviate the effect of cyclic changes in heart rate, atrial pacing was used to increase heart rate over a wide range both abruptly and linearly. Regardless of the pattern of heart rate change, AV interval oscillated at the respiratory frequency at pacing rates 10-100 beats/min above control. Higher levels of atrial pacing resulted in AV conduction patterns that were correlated with changes in blood pressure. Thus in the conscious dog variations in AV conduction time occur on a beat-by-beat basis in conjunction with respiration; oscillatory activity of AV conduction is not dependent on simultaneous changes in heart rate; and during atrial pacing, autonomic neural activity associated with respiration and blood pressure appears to dynamically modulate AV conduction with respiratory effects predominating at low heart rates and blood pressure effects at high heart rates.

scholarly journals Atlantoaxial Misalignment Causes High Blood Pressure in Rats: A Novel Hypertension Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Zong-Bao He ◽  
You-Kui Lv ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Qiong Yao ◽  
Ke-Ming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Surgery Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

Atlantoaxial disorders are often correlated with hypertension in practice. In order to study the relationship between atlantoaxial disorder and hypertension, we attempted to construct an animal model. In this work, we presented an animal model where their atlantoaxial joints were misaligned. We investigated the changes of blood pressure before and after treatments of the modeled rats. We had the following results. (1) SBP and DBP of each surgery group were significantly higher than those of control and sham groups. (2) After the second operation (the fixture was removed), SBP and DBP of both surgery groups decreased and got closer to the control and sham groups after 7 days. (3) Heart rates got significantly higher in both surgery groups, compared to control and sham groups. (4) The blood Ach levels of the surgery groups were significantly lower than those of control and sham groups. With these results, we concluded that we successfully constructed cervical atlantoaxial disorder models in rats that showed hypertension symptom. However, the underlying mechanism connecting atlantoaxial disorder and hypertension still requires further study.

Comparison of physiological responses of women and men to isometric exercise

1975 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 863-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Petrofsky ◽  
R. L. Burse ◽  
A. R. Lind
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Isometric Exercise ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Difference

The volunteers for this study were 83 women, aged 19–65 yr, drawn from several different occupations. Three minutes after exerting maximal handgrip strength (MVC) each subject held a tension of 40 percent MVC to fatigue. Blood pressures and heart rates were measured before, during, and after the endurance of contraction. Age was associated with a reduction of strength of the women, whereas their endurance at 40 percent at 40 per cent MVC increased. There was evidence that menopause enhanced those age effects for strength and endurance. At rest, age was associated with a decreased heart rate. As expected, the heart rates of all the women increased during the endurance contraction. But that increase was greater for the younger than for the older women, thereby exaggerating the difference due to age already seen at rest. Systolic blood pressure at rest was higher with age and, in a similar manner, that relationship was also exaggerated throughout the isometric contraction. Diastolic blood pressure, however, was not changed with age at rest, and although the diastolic pressure increased during the isometric exercise, the rate of increase was unaffected by age. The results obtained are compared with those from a similarly large number of men examined in identical circumstances.

scholarly journals The Comparative Effects of Listening to Prayer Recitation and Music Therapy Intraoperatively on Postoperative Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Syaza Rahman ◽  
Nurlia Yahya ◽  
Nor Mohammad Md Din ◽  
Azarinah Izaham ◽  
Wan Rahiza Wan Mat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Non-pharmacological interventions are considered as successful adjuncts to manage pain. We are studying the comparative effects of listening to prayer recitation and music therapy intraoperatively as non-pharmacological interventions on postoperative pain and intraoperative haemodynamics. Materials and Methods: Seventy two muslim patients with acute appendicitis requiring open, emergency appendicectomies under general anaesthesia were recruited and randomised into three groups: Group A: patients who listened to prayer recitation, Group B: patients who listened to music, Group C: control group - patients who did not listen to any prayer or music. Intraoperative blood pressure, heart rate and postoperative pain scores were monitored. Results: The demographic data, pre- and post-headphones application haemodynamics were compared. There were significantly lower heart rates at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 minutes for Group A and at 50 and 60 minutes for Group B patients when compared to Group C. Significant reduction in postoperative pain scores were seen in Group A patients at 30 minutes and 8 hours as compared to Group C patients. No significant differences in pain scores were seen between Group B and C patients. No significant differences in additional analgesic requirements postoperatively were seen in all three groups. Conclusion: Listening to prayer recitation or music intraoperatively significantly lowered intraoperative heart rates, however only prayer recitation significantly reduced postoperative pain scores as compared to the control group.

FEATURES OF CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS OF YOUNG ADULTS DEPENDING ON VARIATIONS OF ACTUAL HEART RATE

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
A.P. Spitsyn ◽  
N.E. Kushkova ◽  
E.V. Kolodkina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Peripheral Vascular Resistance ◽  
Normal Heart ◽  
Central Hemodynamics ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Diastolic Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Simple Parameter

Indicators of systemic hemodynamics were evaluated. Those were blood pressure (BP), shock volume of the blood (SVB), peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), cardiac index (CI) and others. They were evaluated in 41 students. Their age was between 21 and 26 years. It was determined that the majority of central hemodynamics indicators importantly depend on the character of differences of actual frequency of heart rates and their meanings. The most important indicators of hemodynamics such as shock volume of the blood and heart index were lower and diastolic arterial blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance were higher in people with heart rates higher than required normal heart rates. Important peculiarities of correlative interconnections between parameters of central hemodynemics depending on heart rates were revealed. The above peculiarities of hemodynemics depending on the character of differences of actual and normal heart rates confirm the importance of evaluation and understanding of such a simple parameter.

Effects of Verapamil Combined with Esmolol on Blood Pressure and Heart Rates during Tracheal Intubation

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Son ◽  
Kyoung Il Kim ◽  
Yu Sun Choi ◽  
Young Pyo Cheong ◽  
Tai Yo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Heart Rates

Plasma Catecholamine Responses to Change of Posture in Alcoholics during Withdrawal and after Continued Abstinence from Alcohol

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Eisenhofer ◽  
E. A. Whiteside ◽  
R. H. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Plasma Noradrenaline ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Heart Rates ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous ◽  
Abstinence From Alcohol

1. Plasma catecholamine, blood pressure and heart rate responses to standing were measured in ten alcoholics during withdrawal, ten alcoholics after 2–7 weeks of abstinence from alcohol, six abstinent alcoholics with orthostatic hypotension and ten normal control subjects. 2. Withdrawing alcoholics had supine and standing heart rates and plasma noradrenaline and adrenaline concentrations that were higher than in abstinent alcoholics or control subjects. Supine blood pressures were also higher in withdrawing alcoholics than in abstinent alcoholics or control subjects, but on standing blood pressures in withdrawing alcoholics fell, four patients having a fall of more than 30/5 mmHg. 3. Abstinent alcoholics without orthostatic hypotension had higher basal and standing concentrations of noradrenaline than control subjects but normal heart rates and adrenaline concentrations. 4. Abstinent alcoholics with orthostatic hypotension showed a wide range of basal plasma noradrenaline concentrations and were found to have variable plasma noradrenaline responses to standing, three subjects having normal responses and three subjects having no or little increase in plasma noradrenaline on standing. 5. It is concluded that alcohol withdrawal is associated with increased sympathetic nervous activity, as reflected by raised supine and standing plasma concentrations of catecholamines, and that even after 2–7 weeks of abstinence from alcohol plasma noradrenaline concentrations may be higher than in control subjects. Despite increased sympathetic nervous responses to standing, alcoholics during withdrawal have impaired blood pressure control and some may exhibit orthostatic hypotension. Orthostatic hypotension may also be observed in alcoholics during continuing abstinence from alcohol; in some of these patients failure of reflex noradrenaline release in response to standing may contribute to orthostatic hypotension.

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