CD4+/CD8+ T-Cell Ratio Predictive of Surgical Margins in the Treatment of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Treated With Mohs Surgery of Patients Infected With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie Chow ◽  
Adam Miller ◽  
Shang I. Brian Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Surgical Margins ◽  
Mohs Surgery ◽  
Cell Ratio ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The Effect of Rosuvastatin on Markers of Immune Activation in Treatment-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn G. M. Weijma ◽  
Eric R. A. Vos ◽  
Jaap Ten Oever ◽  
Muriel Van Schilfgaarde ◽  
Lea M. Dijksman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Cell Ratio ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Treatment Naïve

Abstract Background.  Immune activation has been implicated in the excess mortality in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, due to cardiovascular diseases and malignancies. Statins may modulate this immune activation. We assessed the capacity of rosuvastatin to mitigate immune activation in treatment-naive HIV-infected patients. Methods.  In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study, we explored the effects of 8 weeks of rosuvastatin 20 mg in treatment-naive male HIV-infected patients (n = 28) on immune activation markers: neopterin, soluble Toll-like receptor (TLR)2, sTLR4, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1Ra, IL-18, d-dimer, highly sensitive C-reactive protein, and CD38 and/or human leukocyte antigen-DR expression on T cells. Baseline data were compared with healthy male controls (n = 10). Furthermore, the effects of rosuvastatin on HIV-1 RNA, CD4/CD8 T-cell count, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were examined and side effects were registered. Results.  T-cell activation levels were higher in patients than in controls. Patients had higher levels of circulating IL-18, sTLR2, and neopterin (all P < .01). Twenty patients completed the study. Rosuvastatin increased the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio (P = .02). No effect on other markers was found. Conclusions.  Patients infected with HIV had higher levels of circulating neopterin, IL-18, sTLR2, and T-cell activation markers. Rosuvastatin had a small but significant positive effect on CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio, but no influence on other markers of T-cell activation and innate immunity was identified (The Netherlands National Trial Register [NTR] NTR 2349, http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/index.asp).

scholarly journals Changes in the Composition of Circulating CD8+T Cell Subsets during Acute Epstein‐Barr and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Humans

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marijke Th. L. Roos ◽  
René A. W. van Lier ◽  
Dörte Hamann ◽  
Gerlinde J. Knol ◽  
Irma Verhoofstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Subsets ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr

scholarly journals Comparison of Microcapillary Cytometry Technology and Flow Cytometry for CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Estimation

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Kandathil ◽  
R. Kannangai ◽  
S. David ◽  
G. Nithyanandam ◽  
S. Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT An alternative technology for the estimation of T cells based on a microcapillary technique (Guava Technologies, Hayward, CA) was compared to FACSCount (Becton Dickinson, San Jose, CA). Samples from 51 human immunodeficiency virus-infected and 21 healthy individuals were tested. The correlation (r) of the two systems for CD4+ T cells was 0.994, and the coefficient of variation was 6.5%, establishing equable performance between the two technologies.

scholarly journals A High Viral Burden Predicts the Loss of CD8 T-Cell Responses Specific for Subdominant Gag Epitopes during Chronic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (24) ◽  
pp. 13809-13815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christof Geldmacher ◽  
Clive Gray ◽  
Martha Nason ◽  
Jeffrey R. Currier ◽  
Antelmo Haule ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
T Cell Response ◽  
Baseline Viral Load ◽  
Viral Control ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-specific CD8 T-cell responses targeting products encoded within the Gag open reading frame have frequently been associated with better viral control and disease outcome during the chronic phase of HIV infection. To further clarify this relationship, we have studied the dynamics of Gag-specific CD8 T-cell responses in relation to plasma viral load and time since infection in 33 chronically infected subjects over a 9-month period. High baseline viral loads were associated with a net loss of breadth (P < 0.001) and a decrease in the total magnitude of the Gag-specific T-cell response in general (P = 0.03). Most importantly, the baseline viral load predicted the subsequent change in the breadth of Gag recognition over time (P < 0.0001, r 2 = 0.41). Compared to maintained responses, lost responses were low in magnitude (P < 0.0001) and subdominant in the hierarchy of Gag-specific responses. The present study indicates that chronic exposure of the human immune system to high levels of HIV viremia is a determinant of virus-specific CD8 T-cell loss.

CD8 T-Cell Infiltration in Extravascular Tissues of Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Interleukin-15 Upmodulates Costimulatory Pathways Involved in the Antigen-Presenting Cells–T-Cell Interaction

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 1277-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo Agostini ◽  
Renato Zambello ◽  
Monica Facco ◽  
Alessandra Perin ◽  
Francesco Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cells ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Interleukin (IL)-15 regulates the proliferative activity of the CD8+ T-cell pool in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, thereby contributing to the maintenance of the CD8+ T-cell–mediated immune response against HIV in extravascular tissues, including the lung. However, the effects of IL-15 on antigen-presenting cells (APC) during HIV infection are still unclear. In this study, we evaluated whether IL-15 regulates the macrophage stimulatory pathways governing inflammatory events that take place in the lung of patients with HIV infection. As a first step we evaluated the in vitro effects of IL-15 on lung macrophages retrieved from the respiratory tract of eight normal subjects. Although macrophages from uninfected individuals expressed the IL-15 binding proteins (IL-15R and the common γc) at resting conditions, they did not express IL-15 messenger RNA (mRNA). However, a 24-hour stimulation with IL-15 induced the expression of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-15 itself, suggesting a role for this cytokine in the activation of the pulmonary macrophage pool during inflammation. As a confirmation of the role of IL-15 in this setting, at resting conditions, alveolar macrophages of patients with HIV infection and T-cell alveolitis expressed IL-15, IFN-γ, and IL-15 binding proteins; showed an upmodulation of costimulatory molecules, B7 and CD72, which are involved in the APC of macrophages; and behaved as effective accessory cells because they elicited a strong proliferation of T cells. The accessory effect was inhibited by pretreatment with anti-CD72, anti-B7 (CD80 and CD86), and anti–IL-15 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb). We then investigated the relationship between IL-15 and the expression of costimulatory molecules by macrophages. A 24-hour stimulation of IL-15R+/γc+ macrophages with IL-15 upregulated the expression of CD80 and CD86. The evidence that IL-15 upregulates the expression of coligands that favor the contact between T cells and APC, per se, triggers T-cell activation and proliferation and acts as a chemoattractant for T cells, suggests that IL-15 plays a key role in Tc1-mediated defense mechanisms taking place in extravascular tissues of patients with HIV disease.

Heteroclitic peptides enhance human immunodeficiency virus-specific CD8+ T cell responses

Vaccine ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (49) ◽  
pp. 6997-7004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista H. Gladney ◽  
Julia Pohling ◽  
Natasha A. Hollett ◽  
Katrin Zipperlen ◽  
Maureen E. Gallant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cell ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Heteroclitic Peptides
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