Female Genital Cutting: An Evidence-based Review for the OBGYN of Long-term Sequelae and Management Options

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-527
Author(s):  
Sarrah Shahawy ◽  
Nawal M. Nour
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals The long-term reproductive health consequences of female genital cutting in rural Gambia: a community-based survey

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 643-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Morison ◽  
Caroline Scherf ◽  
Gloria Ekpo ◽  
Katie Paine ◽  
Beryl West ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals The association between physical complications following female genital cutting and the mental health of 12-year-old Gambian girls: A community-based cross-sectional study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245723
Author(s):  
Bothild Bendiksen ◽  
Trond Heir ◽  
Fabakary Minteh ◽  
Mai Mahgoub Ziyada ◽  
Rex A. Kuye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Background Female genital cutting (FGC) involve an acute physical trauma that hold a potential risk for immediate and long-term complications and mental health problems. The aim of this study was to examine the prediction of depressive symptoms and psychological distress by the immediate and current physical complications following FGC. Further, to examine whether the age at which 12-year-old Gambian girls had undergone the procedure affected mental health outcomes. Method This cross-sectional study recruited 134 12-year-old girls from 23 public primary schools in The Gambia. We used a structured clinical interview to assess mental health and life satisfaction, including the Short Mood and Feeling Questionnaire (SMFQ), the Symptom check list (SCL-5) and Cantril’s Ladder of Life Satisfaction. Each interview included questions about the cutting procedure, immediate- and current physical complications and the kind of help and care girls received following FGC. Results Depressive symptoms were associated with immediate physical health complications in a multivariate regression model [RR = 1.08 (1.03, 1.12), p = .001], and with present urogenital problems [RR = 1.19 (1.09, 1.31), p < .001]. The girls that received medical help following immediate complications had a lower risk for depressive symptoms [RR = .73 (.55, .98), p = .04]. Psychological distress was only associated with immediate complications [RR = 1.04 (1.01, 1.07), p = .004]. No significant differences in mental health outcomes were found between girls who underwent FGC before the age of four in comparison to girls who underwent FGC after the age of four. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the immediate and long-term complications following FGC have implications for psychological health. Only a minimal number of girls received medical care when needed, and the dissemination of health education seems crucial in order to prevent adverse long-term physical and psychological health consequences.

scholarly journals Symptomatic Clitoral Neuroma within an Epidermal Inclusion Cyst at the Site of Prior Female Genital Cutting

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dani Zoorob ◽  
Kristrun Kristinsdottir ◽  
Thomas Klein ◽  
Sonyoung Seo-Patel
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Inclusion Cyst ◽  
East African ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Background. Clitoral neuromas occurring after female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) can vary in presentation and may require surgical management. Case. A 39-year-old East African female with a history of FGM/C presented during pregnancy with a progressively enlarging mass and worsening periclitoral pain. Postpartum surgical excision restored cosmesis and resolved the discomfort with pathology confirming the presence of a neuroma within the epidermal inclusion cyst. Conclusion. We present the first published case of a symptomatic clitoral neuroma within an epidermal inclusion cyst. This unique pathology demonstrates that complications of female genital cutting can present in complex and varied ways. Considering the prevalence of FGM/C and increasing rates of emigration from countries in which FGM/C is performed, complex clitoral neuromas are an important long-term complication which providers in Africa or internationally must be aware of.

Female Genital Cutting

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
NAWAL M. NOUR
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Response to Commentaries: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Female Genital Cutting and Deinfibulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya S. Brady ◽  
Jennifer J. Connor ◽  
Nicole Chaisson ◽  
Fatima Sharif Mohamed ◽  
Beatrice “Bean” E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Cohort analysis of the state of female genital cutting in Nigeria: prevalence, daughter circumcision and attitude towards its discontinuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde M. Gbadebo ◽  
Adetokunbo T. Salawu ◽  
Rotimi F. Afolabi ◽  
Mobolaji M. Salawu ◽  
Adeniyi F. Fagbamigbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Background Female genital cutting (FGC) inflicts life-long injuries on women and their female children. It constitutes a violation of women’s fundamental human rights and threats to bodily integrity. Though decreasing, the practice is high and widespread in Nigeria despite efforts towards its eradication. This study was conducted to perform cohort analysis of the state of FGC between the years 2009 and 2018 in Nigeria. Results The study found that that FGC has reduced over the years from 56.3% among the 1959–1963 birth cohort to 25.5% among 1994–1998 cohorts but a rise in FGC between 1994–1998 cohorts and 1999–2003 cohorts (28.4%). The percentage of respondents who circumcised their daughters reduced from 40.1% among the oldest birth cohort to 3.6% among the younger cohort. Birth-cohort, religion, education, residence, region, and ethnicity were associated with FGC. Factors associated with the daughter’s circumcision were birth-cohort, religion, residence, region, ethnicity, wealth, marital status, FGC status of the respondent, and FGC required by religion. Similar factors were found for discontinuation intention. Conclusions The practice of FGC is still high but decreasing among younger birth-cohorts in Nigeria. There is no significant change in the perception of the discontinuation of FGC. More awareness about the adverse effects of FGC, particularly among women with poor education in Nigeria will greatly reduce this cultural menace’s timely eradication.

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