Seroprevalence of Anti-HIV-1, Anti-HIV-2, Hepatitis B Surface Antigen, and Anti-HCV in Eye Donors in a Tertiary Eye Hospital, Chennai, India, in the Past 13 years (2005–2017)

Cornea ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 737-741
Author(s):  
Lily Therese Kulandhai ◽  
Hema Bhagavathi ◽  
Selvi Krishnan ◽  
Kaviyarasan Krishnan ◽  
Mahalakshmi Balasubramaniyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Hiv 1

Seroprevalence of Blood Borne Pathogens among Health Care Workers and Their Hepatitis B Vaccination Status in Tertiary Care Hospitals in India

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Dafei ◽  
Shiv K. Sarin ◽  
Anjur T. Kannan ◽  
Kamal Agrawal ◽  
Suneela Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccination ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals ◽  
Anti Hiv

<p><strong>BACKGROUND &amp; AIM: </strong>Occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens, mainly human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV), poses a serious risk to healthcare workers (HCWs), especially in developing countries, due to the high prevalence of these pathogens and fewer safety precautions. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections and to measure the vaccination practices in HCWs at three tertiary care hospitals in Delhi, India.</p><p><strong>METHOD:</strong> In a descriptive (cross-sectional) study, the HCWs of three tertiary hospitals were selected by simple random sampling and divided into four different groups (nurses, laboratory and operational theater technicians, doctors and housekeeping workers). The participants were screened for the presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag), antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti HBs), antibody to hepatitis C (anti HCV), and antibody to HIV (anti HIV). From June 2010 to April 2012, a structured questionnaire was administered to 850 HCWs after obtaining consent.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>Among 850 HCWs, 51.8% were nurses and 50.6% were female with a mean (SD) age of 34(8.7) years.  The overall seroprevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV, and anti-HIV was 1.1%, 0.3%, and 0.1%, respectively. There was a high proportion of HBsAg positivity among housekeeping workers (4.9%) followed by nurses (3.3%). Out of 9 positive cases of HBsAg, 66% (6) were never vaccinated and out of a total of 11 positive subjects, 72 % (8) had previous exposure in the workplace. Complete HBV vaccination was done in 78.2% (605) of the HCWs and 11.3% (75) were partially vaccinated. Only 20.1% had checked their anti-HBs. Protective (&gt;10 IU/mL) anti-HBs was seen in 70.6% (600) of the participants, indicating that nearly one third of HCWs were not protected against HBV infection. The majority of the study subjects (63.6%) believed that they were immunized against hepatitis B and did not need to check the immunity titer.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Not all HCWs were vaccinated and the majority of vaccinated subjects did not know their immunity level. Housekeeping workers had a high seropositivity rate of infections and a low rate of vaccination against HBV. Institutional policy and training were found to be of paramount importance to improve the quality of health in HCWs.</p>

scholarly journals HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B coinfections in Mkushi, Zambia: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Cibangu Katamba ◽  
Theresa Chungu ◽  
Chisali Lusale
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are major global public health problems. They are sexually transmitted diseases with overlapping modes of transmission and affected populations. The aim of this study is to assess the seroprevalence of HIV 1, hepatitis B virus and syphilis coinfections among newly diagnosed HIV individuals aged 16 to 65 years, initiating on antiretroviral therapy, in Mkushi, Zambia. Methods: A total number of 126 sera were collected from HIV 1 infected patients attending Mkushi district hospital/ART clinic for antiretroviral therapy initiation. Hepatitis B surface antigen test and serologic test for syphilis were conducted between March and May 2018. Results: Of the 126 participants, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected with a prevalence of 9.5% among newly diagnosed HIV infected patients, while that of syphilis was as high as 40.5% in this same population group. Three patients recorded HIV coinfections with both syphilis and hepatitis B virus (2.4%) at the same time. After analysis, the results indicate that there was no significant association between gender for both dependent variables: HIV/syphilis or HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfections (alpha significance level > 0.05). Those who had a history of syphilis infection in the past were more likely than those who had none to be HIV-syphilis coinfected (53.6% vs 34%, respectively; odd ratio [OR] 2.236; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.045 – 4.782). Conclusion: The high prevalence rates for HIV, HBV, and syphilis coinfections strongly indicate the need for HBV and syphilis screening for HIV infected individuals. Furthermore, the high number of patients previously treated for syphilis who retest positive for syphilis in this study calls for use of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test to identify true syphilis infection (titers ≥ 1:8 dilutions, strongly suggestive).

Sir, Decline of naturally acquired antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen in HIV-1 infected homosexual men

AIDS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Laukamm-Josten ◽  
Olaf Müller ◽  
Ulrich Bienzle ◽  
Hermann Feldmeier ◽  
Angela Uy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
Hiv 1

HIV-1 antibody positive hepatitis B surface antigen serum in a dental school patient population

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Cade ◽  
Charles H. Boozer ◽  
Diana M. Lancaster ◽  
Gwendolyn Lundgren
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Dental School ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B coinfections in Mkushi, Zambia: a cross-sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Cibangu Katamba ◽  
Theresa Chungu ◽  
Chisali Lusale
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Syphilis Infection ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Background: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, syphilis and Hepatitis B Virus are major global public health problems, they are sexually transmitted infections with overlapping modes of transmission and affected populations.  Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the seroprevalence of HIV 1, hepatitis B virus and syphilis coinfections among newly diagnosed HIV individuals aged 16 to 65 years, initiating on antiretroviral therapy, in Mkushi, Zambia. Methods: A total number of 126 sera were collected from HIV 1 infected patients attending Mkushi district hospital/ART clinic for antiretroviral therapy initiation. Hepatitis B surface antigen test and serologic test for syphilis were conducted between March and May 2018. Results: Of the 126 participants (out of 131 enrollments), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was detected with a prevalence of 9.5% among newly diagnosed HIV infected patients, while that of syphilis was as high as 40.5% in this same population group. Three patients recorded HIV coinfections with both syphilis and hepatitis B virus (2.4%) at the same time. After analysis, the results indicate that there was no significant association between gender for both dependent variables: HIV/syphilis or HIV/hepatitis B virus coinfections (alpha significance level > 0.05). Those who had a history of syphilis infection in the past were more likely than those who had none to be HIV-syphilis coinfected (53.6% vs 34%, respectively; odd ratio [OR] 2.236; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.045 – 4.782). Conclusion: The high prevalence rates for HIV, HBV, and syphilis coinfections strongly indicate the need for HBV and syphilis screening for HIV infected individuals. Furthermore, the high number of patients previously treated for syphilis who retest positive for syphilis in this study calls for use of the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test to identify true syphilis infection (titers ≥ 1:8 dilutions, strongly suggestive).

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