Diffusing Lung Capacity of Carbon Monoxide/Alveolar Volume as an Index for Evaluating Diffusing Capacity of the Acromegalic Lung

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 288-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyibe Saler ◽  
Sema Ucak ◽  
Tijen Yesim ◽  
Gulfidan Cakmak ◽  
Yuksel Altuntas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Lung Capacity

Ventilation Heterogeneity in Asthma and COPD: The Value of the Poorly Communicating Fraction as the Ratio of Total Lung Capacity to Alveolar Volume

Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roberta Pisi ◽  
Marina Aiello ◽  
Luigino Calzetta ◽  
Annalisa Frizzelli ◽  
Veronica Alfieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Body Plethysmography ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Ventilation Heterogeneity ◽  
Patient Groups

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The ventilation heterogeneity (VH) is reliably assessed by the multiple-breath nitrogen washout (MBNW), which provides indices of conductive (<i>S</i><sub>cond</sub>) and acinar (<i>S</i><sub>acin</sub>) VH as well as the lung clearance index (LCI), an index of global VH. VH can be alternatively measured by the poorly communicating fraction (PCF), that is, the ratio of total lung capacity by body plethysmography to alveolar volume from the single-breath lung diffusing capacity measurement. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Our objective was to assess VH by PCF and MBNW in patients with asthma and with COPD and to compare PCF and MBNW parameters in both patient groups. <b><i>Method:</i></b> We studied 35 asthmatic patients and 45 patients with COPD. Each patient performed spirometry, body plethysmography, diffusing capacity, and MBNW test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared to COPD patients, asthmatics showed a significantly lesser degree of airflow obstruction and lung hyperinflation. In asthmatic patients, both PCF and LCI and <i>S</i><sub>acin</sub> values were significantly lower than the corresponding ones of COPD patients. In addition, in both patient groups, PCF showed a positive correlation with LCI (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05) and <i>S</i><sub>acin</sub> (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.05), but not with <i>S</i><sub>cond</sub>. Lastly, COPD patients with PCF &#x3e;30% were highly likely to have a value ≥2 of the mMRC dyspnea scale. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These results showed that PCF, a readily measure derived from routine pulmonary function testing, can provide a comprehensive measure of both global and acinar VH in asthma and in COPD patients and can be considered as a comparable tool to the well-established MBNW technique.

The effect of conductive ventilation heterogeneity on diffusing capacity measurement

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1094-1100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Verbanck ◽  
Daniel Schuermans ◽  
Sophie Van Malderen ◽  
Walter Vincken ◽  
Bruce Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Capacity Measurement ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
Estimation Errors ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Ventilation Heterogeneity

It has long been assumed that the ventilation heterogeneity associated with lung disease could, in itself, affect the measurement of carbon monoxide transfer factor. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential estimation errors of carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DlCO) measurement that are specifically due to conductive ventilation heterogeneity, i.e., due to a combination of ventilation heterogeneity and flow asynchrony between lung units larger than acini. We induced conductive airway ventilation heterogeneity in 35 never-smoker normal subjects by histamine provocation and related the resulting changes in conductive ventilation heterogeneity (derived from the multiple-breath washout test) to corresponding changes in diffusing capacity, alveolar volume, and inspired vital capacity (derived from the single-breath DlCO method). Average conductive ventilation heterogeneity doubled ( P < 0.001), whereas DlCO decreased by 6% ( P < 0.001), with no correlation between individual data ( P > 0.1). Average inspired vital capacity and alveolar volume both decreased significantly by, respectively, 6 and 3%, and the individual changes in alveolar volume and in conductive ventilation heterogeneity were correlated ( r = −0.46; P = 0.006). These findings can be brought in agreement with recent modeling work, where specific ventilation heterogeneity resulting from different distributions of either inspired volume or end-expiratory lung volume have been shown to affect DlCO estimation errors in opposite ways. Even in the presence of flow asynchrony, these errors appear to largely cancel out in our experimental situation of histamine-induced conductive ventilation heterogeneity. Finally, we also predicted which alternative combination of specific ventilation heterogeneity and flow asynchrony could affect DlCO estimate in a more substantial fashion in diseased lungs, irrespective of any diffusion-dependent effects.

scholarly journals Epigenome-wide association study on diffusing capacity of the lung (DLCO)

2020 ◽  
pp. 00567-2020
Author(s):  
Natalie Terzikhan ◽  
Hanfei Xu ◽  
Ahmed Edris ◽  
Ken R. Bracke ◽  
Fien M. Verhamme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Association Study ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume

BackgroundEpigenetics may play an important role in pathogenesis of lung diseases. However, little is known about the epigenetic factors that influence impaired gas exchange at the lungs.AimTo identify the epigenetic signatures of the diffusing capacity of the lung measured by carbon monoxide uptake.MethodsEpigenome-Wide Association Study (EWAS) was performed on diffusing capacity, measured by carbon monoxide uptake (DLCO) and per alveolar volume (DLCO /VA) using the single-breath technique in 2674 individuals from two population-based cohort studies, the Rotterdam Study (the discovery panel) and the Framingham Heart Study (the replication panel). We assessed the clinical relevance of our findings by investigating the identified sites in whole blood and lung tissue specific gene expression.ResultsWe identified and replicated two CpG sites (cg05575921 and cg05951221) that were significantly associated with DLCO /VA and one (cg05575921) suggestively associated with DLCO. Furthermore, we found a positive association between AHRR (cg05575921) hypomethylation and gene expression of EXOC3 in whole blood. We confirmed that the expression of EXOC3 in lung tissue is positively associated with DLCO/VA and DLCO.ConclusionsWe report on epigenome wide associations with diffusing capacity in the general population. Our results suggest EXOC3 to be an excellent candidate through which smoking induced hypomethylation of AHRR might affect pulmonary gas exchange.

Pulmonary Function Abnormalities in Thalassemia Patients on a Hypertransfusion Program

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1013-1017
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Keens ◽  
Margaret H. O'Neal ◽  
Jorge A. Ortega ◽  
Carol B. Hyman ◽  
Arnold C.G. Platzker
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Small Airway ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Nitrogen Washout ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Pulmonary function tests were performed in 12 thalassemia patients on a hypertransfusion program (age 18.4 ± 2.6 SEM years) to determine the presence of any abnormalities of lung function. These included spirometry, expiratory flow rates, body plethysmography, single-breath nitrogen washout, single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity, and arterial blood gases. Only one patient had normal pulmonary function. Arterial hypoxemia was present in ten of 12 patients at rest. The total lung capacity (TLC) was normal. The residual volume was abnormally increased in five of 12 patients. The slope of phase III of single breath nitrogen washout curve was abnormal in five of 12 patients, but the closing volume was normal. The maximal expiratory flow rate at 60% total lung capacity was decreased in four of 12 patients, suggesting the presence of small airway disease. The single breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity was normal in all patients. These pulmonary function abnormalities did not correlate with age or the cumulative amount of iron via blood transfused. The small airway obstruction, hyperinflation; and hypoxemia observed in thalassemia patients on a hypertransfusion program may result from the basic disease, iron deposition in the lungs, or other factors.

scholarly journals Impact of Altered Alveolar Volume on the Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide in Obesity

Respiration ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Enache ◽  
Monique Oswald-Mammosser ◽  
Stéphanie Scarfone ◽  
Chantal Simon ◽  
Jean-Louis Schlienger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Alveolar Volume

scholarly journals Comparison of diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) and total lung capacity (TLC) between Indigenous Australians and Australian Caucasian adults

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0248900
Author(s):  
Timothy Howarth ◽  
Helmi Ben Saad ◽  
Ara J. Perez ◽  
Charmain B. Atos ◽  
Elisha White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Total Lung Capacity ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Indigenous Australians ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Indigenous Australian ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Predicted Values

Background and objective Currently there is paucity of evidence in the literature in relation to normative values for diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) and total lung capacity (TLC) among Indigenous Australians. Hence, in this study we assessed the DLCO and TLC parameters among Indigenous Australians in comparison to Australian Caucasian counterparts. Methods DLCO and TLC values were assessed and compared between Indigenous Australians and Australian Caucasians matched for age, sex and body mass index, with normal chest radiology. Results Of the 1350 and 5634 pulmonary function tests assessed in Indigenous Australian and Australian Caucasian adults respectively, a total of 129 Indigenous Australians and 197 Australian Caucasians met the inclusion criteria. Absolute DLCO and TLC values for Indigenous Australians were a mean 4.3 ml/min/mmHg (95% CI 2.86, 5.74) and 1.03 L (95% CI 0.78, 1.27) lower than Australian Caucasians (p<0.01). Percentage predicted values were 15.38 (95% CI 11.59, 19.17) and 16.63 (95% CI 13.59, 19.68) points lower for DLCO and TLC, respectively. Lower limit of normal (LLN) values did not significantly differ between groups, however a significantly greater proportion of Indigenous Australians recorded values below the LLN in comparison to Australian Caucasians for DLCO (64 vs. 25%, p<0.01) and TLC (66 vs. 21%, p<0.01). Significant differences for the interaction of sex on DLCO and TLC were noted in Australian Caucasians, with reduced or absent sex differentiation among Indigenous Australians. Conclusions There are significant differences in DLCO and TLC parameters between Indigenous Australian compared to Australian Caucasians. Appropriate DLCO and TLC norms need to be established for Indigenous Australians.

Serial Estimations of Carbon Monoxide Diffusing Capacity in Intrapulmonary Haemorrhage

1981 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Greening ◽  
J. M. B. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Clinical Context ◽  
Alveolar Volume ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Single Breath ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Baseline Values

1. Serial estimations of the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, with a standard single-breath technique, were used to assist the monitoring of disease activity in patients at risk from intrapulmonary haemorrhage. 2. A reversible rise in diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide per unit alveolar volume (DLco/VA) of 50% or more above baseline values was detected on 61 occasions and in the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco) alone on 45 occasions in 39 patients. 3. Concurrent with these rises in DLco/VA or DLco, two or more traditional indicators of intrapulmonary haemorrhage (haemoptysis, abrupt fall in haemoglobin concentration, chest X-ray opacities) were found on 47 occasions. 4. In the appropriate clinical context, acute reversible rises in DLco/VA or DLco reflect active intrapulmonary haemorrhage.

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