scholarly journals Alan Astbury. 27 November 1934—21 July 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 7-23
Author(s):  
Richard K. Keeler ◽  
Michel Lefebvre
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
Proton Synchrotron ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Postdoctoral Position ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
The University ◽  
New Phenomena

Alan Astbury worked in the area of accelerator based subatomic physics. Increasing beam energies, intensities and types of available accelerated beams opened scientific windows to new phenomena throughout his career. Exploiting these new beams required new techniques and the use of the latest technology. Alan was always at the forefront of putting these components together into the experiments needed to confirm or reject the latest theoretical advances or clarify conflicting experimental observations. Following his PhD using the synchrocyclotron at the University of Liverpool and a postdoctoral position at Berkeley, he became a staff member at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, where he played a central role in the successive experiments with the Nimrod proton synchrotron, the 26 GeV proton synchrotron at CERN and, perhaps most significantly, with the UA1 experiment at CERN that discovered the W and Z particles. Alan moved to Canada in 1983 and made enormous contributions to Canadian science. He was instrumental in building relationships between Canadian scientists and CERN, DESY and SLAC. As director of the Canadian Institute of Particle Physics and then director of the TRIUMF laboratory, he guided subatomic physics policy and planning for two decades. On the international scene, he was president of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics.

Electrostatic optics and aberration correction in the 1940s and today

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-7
Author(s):  
Gertrude F. Rempfer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
High Vacuum ◽  
Electron Optics ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Electrostatic Lenses ◽  
Commercial Instrument ◽  
The University ◽  
Theory And Experiment

I became involved in electron optics in early 1945, when my husband Robert and I were hired by the Farrand Optical Company. My husband had a mathematics Ph.D.; my degree was in physics. My main responsibilities were connected with the development of an electrostatic electron microscope. Fortunately, my thesis research on thermionic and field emission, in the late 1930s under the direction of Professor Joseph E. Henderson at the University of Washington, provided a foundation for dealing with electron beams, high vacuum, and high voltage.At the Farrand Company my co-workers and I used an electron-optical bench to carry out an extensive series of tests on three-electrode electrostatic lenses, as a function of geometrical and voltage parameters. Our studies enabled us to select optimum designs for the lenses in the electron microscope. We early on discovered that, in general, electron lenses are not “thin” lenses, and that aberrations of focal point and aberrations of focal length are not the same. I found electron optics to be an intriguing blend of theory and experiment. A laboratory version of the electron microscope was built and tested, and a report was given at the December 1947 EMSA meeting. The micrograph in fig. 1 is one of several which were presented at the meeting. This micrograph also appeared on the cover of the January 1949 issue of Journal of Applied Physics. These were exciting times in electron microscopy; it seemed that almost everything that happened was new. Our opportunities to publish were limited to patents because Mr. Farrand envisaged a commercial instrument. Regrettably, a commercial version of our laboratory microscope was not produced.

Development of element technologies for EUVL

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroo Kinoshita ◽  
Takeo Watanabe ◽  
Tetsuo Harada
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Ultraviolet ◽  
Random Access ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Reflectivity Measurement ◽  
Ultraviolet Lithography ◽  
Mask Inspection ◽  
The University

AbstractThirty years have passed since the first report on extreme ultraviolet lithography (EUVL) was presented at the annual meeting of the Japanese Society of Applied Physics in 1986. This technology is now in the manufacturing development stage. The high-volume manufacturing of dynamic-random-access-memory (DRAM) chips with a line width of 15 nm is expected in 2016. However, there are critical development issues that remain: generating a stand-alone EUV source with a higher power and producing a mask inspection tool for obtaining zero-defect masks. The Center for EUVL at the University of Hyogo was established in 2010. At present, it utilizes various types of equipment, such as an EUV mask defect inspection tool, an interference-lithography system, a device for measuring the thickness of carbon contamination film deposited by resist outgassing, and reflectivity measurement systems.

scholarly journals 2019 Special Issue: Psychological Wellbeing and Distress in Higher Education

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. i-vi
Author(s):  
Abi Brooker ◽  
Lydia Woodyatt
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Psychological Wellbeing ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
The Us ◽  
Strategic Policy ◽  
Policy And Planning ◽  
The University ◽  
Support Students

Many universities around the world have now initiated wellbeing strategies that encompass psychological wellbeing. These resources can be leveraged for change to better support students. Associate Professor Lydia Woodyatt from Flinders University, Adelaide and Dr Abi Brooker from the University of Melbourne are guest editors for this very special issue which includes a collection of articles from scholars and practitioners in Australia, Canada, the US, UK and Germany addressing student (and staff) psychological wellbeing in higher education. Broadly, articles discuss the scope of  mental wellbeing and psychological distress, identify specific cohorts (including international students and refugees), profile targeted means of support (via the curriculum, the co-curriculum and strategic policy and planning initiatives) and also identify the need for ‘psychological literacy’ via leadership.

scholarly journals Some Lessons from the Past and Thoughts on the Future of Spectral Classification

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 337-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Walborn
Keyword(s):  
Magellanic Clouds ◽  
External Information ◽  
Spectral Classification ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
The Past ◽  
Spectroscopic Examination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Many ◽  
Large Telescopes ◽  
New Phenomena

AbstractThe importance of maintaining the greatest possible independence of spectral classification from theoretical or other external information is emphasized anew, with reference to some historical discussions now seen with the benefit of hindsight. This ideal requirement applies equally to the development and to the application of a classification system, although in practice some well-established information may guide one’s intuition in the initial hypothetical formulation. The fundamental position of this principle in the MK approach to classification is a major reason for the value of its spectral types, and for its continuing success in uncovering new phenomena. The ability of a particular technique to produce interesting or useful results is surely the most significant criterion of its value, and from this viewpoint it appears that new techniques and methods will complement rather than replace traditional spectral classification. Finally, the unique importance at this time of applying both new and traditional methods to spectral classification in the Magellanic Clouds is stressed; they provide the only current opportunity for detailed spectroscopic examination of numerous stars in external systems. It is essential that large telescopes be utilized for this work so that the best attainable observational quality may be maintained, and the many fascinating phenomena revealed by spectral classification in the Galaxy can be comparatively investigated to the maximum extent praticable in the Magellanic Clouds

scholarly journals John Rodney Quayle. 18 November 1926 — 26 February 2006

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 331-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Cell Metabolism ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Rigorous Approach ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Vice Chancellor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Early Training

J. Rodney Quayle was an outstanding microbial biochemist whose early training in pure chemistry was coupled with rigorous enzymology and experience in the relatively new techniques of using radioactive 14 C compounds in the study of metabolic pathways. These he used to investigate and elucidate the pathways of carbon assimilation during microbial growth on compounds with a single carbon atom such as methane and methanol. When he started, little was known about these organisms (methylotrophs), which, largely as a result of his own work and the work inspired by him, have formed the subject of regular international symposia over a period of more than 40 years. After a short time working in Melvin Calvin’s laboratory in California and a very fruitful period in Hans Krebs’s Unit for Research in Cell Metabolism in the University of Oxford he moved for the next 20 years to the University of Sheffield, after which he became a highly successful and popular Vice-Chancellor at the University of Bath. His rigorous approach to his subject, his generosity and inspiration made him a much revered and much loved father figure to generations of microbial biochemists.

scholarly journals Natural philosophy versus philosophy of naturalness

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (18) ◽  
pp. 2030006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goran Senjanović
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
High Energy Physics ◽  
Natural Philosophy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Hierarchy Problem ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
Energy Physics

I reflect on some of the basic aspects of present day Beyond the Standard Model particle physics, focusing mostly on the issues of naturalness, in particular on the so-called hierarchy problem. To all of us, physics as natural science emerged with Galileo and Newton, and led to centuries of unparalleled success in explaining and often predicting new phenomena of nature. I argue here that the long-standing obsession with the hierarchy problem as a guiding principle for the future of our field has had the tragic consequence of deviating high energy physics from its origins as natural philosophy, and turning it into a philosophy of naturalness.

scholarly journals The Large Hadron Collider: lessons learned and summary

2012 ◽  
Vol 370 (1961) ◽  
pp. 995-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Llewellyn Smith
Keyword(s):  
Large Hadron Collider ◽  
Energy Range ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
New Era ◽  
New Phenomena

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) machine and detectors are now working superbly. There are good reasons to hope and expect that the new domain that the LHC is already exploring, operating at 7 TeV with a luminosity of 10 33  cm −2  s −1 , or the much bigger domain that will be opened up as the luminosity increases to over 10 34 and the energy to 14 TeV, will provide clues that will usher in a new era in particle physics. The arguments that new phenomena will be found in the energy range that will be explored by the LHC have become stronger since they were first seriously analysed in 1984, although their essence has changed little. I will review the evolution of these arguments in a historical context, the development of the LHC project since 1984, and the outlook in the light of reports on the performance of the machine and detectors presented at this meeting.

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