scholarly journals Effect of organic matters on anammox coupled denitrification system: when nitrite was sufficient

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 190771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingyue Yang ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Zhaoming Zheng ◽  
Liangang Hou ◽  
Dongbo Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Coupling System ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Activity

Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox) and denitrification can work together to weaken the influence of organic matter on anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AAOB) and improve nitrogen removal performance. As the common substrate of anammox and denitrification, nitrite will also affect nitrogen removal performance when it is insufficient, which is not conducive to reflect the endurance of anammox reactor to organic matter. The UASB continuous flow experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of the concentration of glucose and sodium acetate on nitrogen removal performance of anammox reactor under the condition of sufficient nitrite. With glucose as the organic matter, when the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration increased to 200 mg l −1 , nitrogen removal performance of the system began to deteriorate significantly, and the anammox activity was significantly inhibited. With sodium acetate as the organic substance, the anammox activity was affected when the COD was 20 mg l −1 . Adequate nitrite could relieve the inhibition of the coupling system by a low concentration (COD < 200 mg l −1 ) of glucose organic matter. However, it could not relieve the inhibitory effect of sodium acetate. With the increase of organic concentration, the biological density of AAOB in granular sludge gradually decreased, while the biological density of denitrifying bacteria increased gradually.

scholarly journals Performance and microbial community of the CANON process in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor with elevated COD/N ratios

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Zhang ◽  
Xincong Liu ◽  
Meng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Canon Process

Abstract In this study, the effects of elevated chemical oxygen demand/nitrogen (COD/N) ratios on nitrogen removal, production and composition of the extracellular polymer substances (EPS) and microbial community of a completely autotrophic nitrogen removal via nitrite (CANON) process were studied in a sequencing batch membrane bioreactor (SBMBR). The whole experiment was divided into two stages: the CANON stage (without organic matter in influent) and the simultaneous partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation and denitrification (SNAD) stage (with organic matter in influent). When the inflow ammonia nitrogen was 420 mg/L and the COD/N ratio was no higher than 0.8, the addition of COD was helpful to the CANON process; the total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNE) was improved from approximately 65% to more than 75%, and the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was improved from approximately 0.255 kgN/(m3·d) to approximately 0.278 kgN/(m3•d), while the TNE decreased to 60%, and the NRR decreased to 0.236 kgN/(m3•d) when the COD/N ratio was elevated to 1.0. For the EPS, the amounts of soluble EPS (SEPS) and loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS) were both higher in the CANON stage than in the SNAD stage, while the amount of tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS) in the SNAD stage was significantly higher due to the proliferation of heterotrophic bacteria. The metagenome sequencing technique was used to analyse the microbial community in the SBMBR. The results showed that the addition of COD altered the structure of the bacterial community in the SBMBR. The amounts of Candidatus ‘Anammoxoglobus’ of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria (AAOB) and Nitrosomonas of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) both decreased significantly, and Nitrospira of nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) was always in the reactor, although the amount changed slightly. A proliferation of denitrifiers related to the genera of Thauera, Dokdonella and Azospira was found in the SBMBR.

scholarly journals Nitrogen removal performance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX) in presence of organic matter

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiqiang Zhu ◽  
Peiyu Zhang ◽  
Deshuang Yu ◽  
Huiyu Dong ◽  
Jin Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation

Performance and inhibition recovery of anammox reactors seeded with different types of sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Q. Ni ◽  
J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In order to study the performance, inhibition and recovery processes of different types of anammox sludge, three up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors were inoculated with flocculent sludge, granular sludge, and cultured inactive methanogenic granules. During stable period, with nitrogen loading rates of 0.9–1.1 kg/m3/d, the total nitrogen removal efficiencies of these reactors averaged at 86.5%, 90.8% and 93.5%, respectively. The kinetics study indicated that the reactor seeded with cultured inactive methanogenic granules possessed the highest nitrogen removal potential, followed by the granular anammox reactor and the flocculent anammox reactor. The study suggested that a concentration as high as 988.3 mg NH4+-N/L and 484.4 mg NO2−-N/L could totally inhibit granular anammox bacteria and result in a inhibition of 50% flocculent anammox activity. In addition, reactors seeded with flocculent sludge and anammox granules could be fully recovered by decreasing their influent substrate concentrations. However, the decrease of influent substrate concentration for the reactor with cultured inactive methanogenic granules could only restore about 75% of its bacterial activity. In this study, anammox bacteria purity was the major factor to evaluate the recovery ability in comparison with sludge type. Free ammonia was a more appropriate indicator for the anammox recovery process compared to free nitric acid.

When the smoke disappears: dealing with extinguishing chemicals in firefighting wastewater

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1720-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. P. Courtens ◽  
F. Meerburg ◽  
V. Mausen ◽  
S. E. Vlaeminck
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Batch Tests ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
Fire Extinction ◽  
Adequate Nutrient

Water is not enough. Nowadays, numerous chemicals are used for fire extinction. After use, however, these may unintentionally enter sewerage systems. In order to safely treat firefighting wastewater (FFWW), knowledge of the potential effects of these chemicals on biological treatment processes is essential. This study characterized and mimicked the composition of FFWW containing two powders, three foams and one foam degrader. Nitrogen (162–370 mg NH4+-N L−1) and phosphorus (173–320 mg PO43−-P L−1) concentrations exceeded discharge limits, whereas chemical and biological oxygen demand, suspended solids and detergent concentrations remained sufficiently low. Adequate nutrient removal could be obtained through FeCl3 addition and nitrification/denitrification with acetate as substrate. In batch tests, residual nitrifying activities of 84, 81, 89, 95 and 93% were observed in the presence of powders, foams, foam degrader, synthetic and real FFWW, respectively. All categories showed higher denitrification rates than the control. Although the powders at first seemed to inhibit anammox activity at 82%, after pH correction anammox was fully feasible, allowing nitrogen removal through oxygen-limited nitrification/denitrification (OLAND). Detailed cost calculations indicated that OLAND could save 11% of capital and 68% of operational costs compared to nitrification/denitrification, identifying OLAND as the most recommendable process for nitrogen removal from firefighting wastewaters.

Biodegradation of aniline

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabbir H. Gheewala ◽  
Ajit P. Annachhatre
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Batch Tests

Discharge of aniline to the environment must be controlled as aniline is toxic to aquatic life and also exerts additional oxygen demand due to nitrification reaction involved during its biodegradation. Organic carbonaceous removal by heterotrophs during aniline biodegradation releases NH4+ which is the substrate for autotrophic nitrifying bacteria. However, aniline is toxic to nitrifying bacteria and severely inhibits their activity. Accordingly, batch and continuous studies were conducted to assess the biodegradation of aniline and its inhibitory effect on nitrification. Synthetic wastewater was used as feed with aniline as sole carbon source for mixed microbial population. Experiments were conducted at ambient temperatures of 30–32°C. An aerobic activated sludge Unit was operated at an HRT of about 13 hours and SRT of about 12 days. Biomass from aerobic activated sludge process treating domestic wastewater was acclimatized to synthetic wastewater Containing aniline. Removal efficiencies more than 95% were obtained for feed aniline concentrations upto 350 mg/l with insignificant inhibition of nitrification due to aniline. Ammonia oxidation rates of about 20–115 mgNH4N/l/d were observed. Batch tests were carried out to test the inhibitory effects of high initial aniline concentrations on nitritication. Carbonaceous removal by heterotrophs proceeded rapidly within 4–6 hours with nitrification picking up as soon as aniline concentration dropped below 3–4 mg/l. For higher initial aniline concentration more than 250 mg/l, complete nitrification did not take place even after aniline Concentration dropped below 3–4 mg/l.

Quantitative evaluation of inhibitory effect of various substances on anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox)

2017 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomotaka Nakamura ◽  
Yuhki Harigaya ◽  
Yuya Kimura ◽  
Megumi Kuroiwa ◽  
Yuhri Kurata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Evaluation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation

Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation in Start-Up of Bench Scale ASBR

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 633-637
Author(s):  
Ze Ya Wang ◽  
Li Ping Qiu ◽  
Li Xin Zhang ◽  
Jia Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Bench Scale ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation

A set of bench scale ASBR reactors with 0.5 L effective volume were carried out to culture anaerobic ammonia oxidizing bacteria, while the anaerobic granular sludge was inoculated into these reactors as well as the operating temperature is 30±1°C, HRT is 72h and pH is approximate 7.8 in this experiment. After 60 days running, these reactors appeared anaerobic ammonia oxidation phenomenon. When the influent NH4+-N and NO2--N concentrations were approximately 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L, the NH4+-N, NO2--N and TN removal were 80%, 90% and 70%, respectively, the ratio of the NH4+-N and NO2--N removal and NO3--N production is approximately 1:1.5:0.25, close to the theoretical valve of 1:1.32:0.26 and that mainly accord with the chemical equilibrium of anaerobic ammonia oxidation mode. Furthermore, when the phenomenon of anaerobic ammonia oxidation appeared, effluent pH value was slightly higher than influent and the sludge become red.

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