scholarly journals Application strategies by selective medium treated with entomopathogenic bacteria Serratia marcescens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as potential biocontrol against Coptotermes curvignathus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kit Ling Chin ◽  
Paik San H'ng ◽  
Chuan Li Lee ◽  
Wan Zhen Wong ◽  
Wen Ze Go ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Entomopathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Behaviour Changes ◽  
Wood Consumption

The success of microbial termiticides in controlling termites depends on the ability of microbes to grow in different media and the functionality of the microbes as a resistant barrier or toxic bait. This study was conducted to understand the mortality rate and behaviour changes of the subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren introduced with different concentrations of Serratia marcescens strain LGMS 1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain LGMS 3 using wood and soil as bacterial transfer medium. In general, higher concentration of bacteria in soil caused a reduction in tunnelling activity and wood consumption and an increase in mortality. However, application on wood revealed a different outcome. Wood treated with S. marcescens of 10 6 CFU ml −1 concentration proved to be more efficient as bait than higher concentration applications as it caused a high mortality rate while still highly palatable for termites. Wood or soil treated with S. marcescens concentration higher than 10 9 CFU ml −1 creates a high toxicity and repellent barrier for termites. Pseudomonas aeruginosa of 10 9 CFU ml −1 concentrations applied on wood served as a slow-acting toxic bait. However, the ability for S. marcescens and P. aeruginosa to survive on wood is low, which made the bait unable to retain a useful level of toxicity for a long period of time and frequent reapplication is needed.

scholarly journals Disentangling bacterial invasiveness from lethality in an experimental host-pathogen system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Biancalani ◽  
Jeff Gore
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Disease Ecology ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Laboratory Population ◽  
Treatment And Prevention

ABSTRACTQuantifying virulence remains a central problem in human health, pest control, disease ecology, and evolutionary biology. Bacterial virulence is typically quantified by theLT50(i.e.the time taken to kill 50% of infected hosts), however, such an indicator cannot account for the full complexity of the infection process, such as distinguishing between the pathogen’s ability to colonize vs. kill the hosts. Indeed, the pathogen needs to breach the primary defenses in order to colonize, find a suitable environment to replicate, and finally express the virulence factors that cause disease. Here, we show that two virulence attributes, namely pathogen lethality and invasiveness, can be disentangled from the survival curves of a laboratory population ofCaenorhabditis elegansnematodes exposed to three bacterial pathogens:Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Serratia marcescensandSalmonella enterica. We first show that the host population eventually experiences a constant mortality rate, which quantifies the lethality of the pathogen. We then show that the time necessary to reach this constant-mortality rate regime depends on the pathogen growth rate and colonization rate, and thus determines the pathogen invasiveness. Our framework reveals thatSerratia marcescensis particularly good at the initial colonization of the host, whereasSalmonella entericais a poor colonizer yet just as lethal once established.Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on the other hand, is both a good colonizer and highly lethal after becoming established. The ability to quantitatively characterize the ability of different pathogens to perform each of these steps has implications for treatment and prevention of disease and for the evolution and ecology of pathogens.

THE POTENTIAL OF BACTERIA FOR THE MICROBIAL CONTROL OF GRASSHOPPERS AND LOCUSTS

1997 ◽  
Vol 129 (S171) ◽  
pp. 147-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zelazny ◽  
M.S. Goettel ◽  
B. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Schistocerca Gregaria ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Promising Agent ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
The Many

AbstractBacteria have been implicated in disease epizootics observed in field populations and laboratory-reared locusts and grasshoppers. Two species [Serratia marcescens Bizio and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) Migula] consistently infect locusts when ingested with food and can spread in laboratory populations. However, research on developing these organisms for microbial control of locusts and grasshoppers begun in the 1950s has not been continued. In recent years strains of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner have been studied for activity against locusts and grasshoppers. Results of additional trials by the authors are reported. Among 393 B. thuringiensis isolates and 93 preparations of other sporeforming bacteria fed to nymphs of Locusta migratoria (L.) and/or Schistocerca gregaria Forsk., none has shown any pathogenicity to the insects. The recent discovery of novel B. thuringiensis strains active against various diverse pests and the many properties of a sporeforming bacterium that satisfy the requirements for a microbial control agent, and the development of Serratia entomophila as a promising agent for control of grass grubs, provide incentive to continue the search for an orthopteran-active sporeforming bacterium and to re-investigate the potential of non-sporeforming bacterial pathogens as microbial control agents of grasshoppers and locusts.

scholarly journals THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGES IN STRUCTURE INDICES OF INFANT MORTALITY IN ST. PETERSBURG DURING 2005-2017 YEARS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
A. S. Simakhodsky ◽  
L. D. Sevostianova ◽  
U. V. Gorelik ◽  
N. P. Akincheva ◽  
U. V. Kolechko
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Structure Indices ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The City

The review presents the literature data and, revealed by authors, the patterns of changes in the dynamics of the infant mortality rate and its structure over a long period (2005-2017) in St. Petersburg. This index is one of the lowest in the Russian Federation. There are analyzed changes in the individual components of the structure of the infant mortality rate, related both to objective and subjective factors. In the city of St. Petersburg there was shown a persistent decline in the infant mortality rate due to the implementation of federal and city programs, closely correlated with structural components. The authors believe the positive dynamics of structural components in St. Petersburg to indicate the organization of all types of specialized and high-tech medical care for newborns.

scholarly journals OS PRINCIPAIS FATORES DE RISCO DA PNEUMONIA ASSOCIADA À VENTILAÇÃO MECÂNICA EM UTI ADULTA.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
Janice Barbieri Costa ◽  
Alessandro Alessandro Lima Costa Lima ◽  
Fernanda Torres ◽  
Antônia de Fátima Galdino da Silva ◽  
André Tomaz Terra Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Terapia Intensiva

A pneumonia é uma inflamação do parênquima pulmonar causada por diversos agentes etiológicos, as pneumonias hospitalares são causadas principalmente por Enterobacter, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Staphylococcus aureus. A pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica (PAVM) é considerada a infecção nosocomial mais frequente em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) e é definida como uma inflamação do parênquima pulmonar, que aparece após 48 a 72 horas da intubação endotraqueal e do inicio da ventilação mecânica. O objetivo desse trabalho foi demonstrar os principais fatores de risco para a aquisição da PAVM. A pesquisa de revisão literária se deu através de base de dados, como PubMed e Bireme, LILACS, SciELO, o período de publicação compreenderam os anos de 1998 á 2013. A PAVM possui alguns fatores de risco, que são classificados em modificáveis ou não modificáveis.  Alguns exemplos desses fatores de risco não modificáveis são: idade, gravidade da doença de base, Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica (DPOC). E os fatores modificáveis alguns exemplos são: educação continuada dos profissionais sobre os fatores de risco, o estabelecimento de protocolos que evitem o uso indiscriminado de antibióticos. Conclui-se através dessa revisão literária que a maioria dos pacientes internados em UTI está em ventilação mecânica (VM) e que nos pacientes intubados, a incidência de pneumonia é de 7 a 21 vezes mais elevado em relação àqueles que não necessitam de ventiladores e por isso são necessárias medidas preventivas.

scholarly journals TOLERANCE TO BACTERIAL PYROGENS

1947 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul B. Beeson ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Passive Transfer ◽  
Characteristic Pattern ◽  
Febrile Reaction ◽  
Febrile Response ◽  
Intravenous Injections ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Development Of Tolerance

In a study of the febrile responses of rabbits to repeated intravenous injections of pyrogenic substances from Eberthella typhosa, Serratia marcescens, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the following observations were made: 1. A characteristic pattern of response to daily injections of the same dose of pyrogenic material was noted. This consisted of a progressive diminution in febrile response during the 1st week or 10 days, after which an animal responded to each injection with approximately the same degree of fever, even when the injections were continued for several weeks. 2. Animals given injections of the same amount of pyrogenic material at semiweekly or weekly intervals showed some diminution in febrile reaction but the alteration was less pronounced than that in animals injected every day. 3. Pyrogen tolerance appeared to be lost quickly. Animals allowed to rest for approximately 3 weeks reacted to readministration of pyrogen with fever comparable with that which occurred after the first injection. 4. By gradually increasing the size of the daily dose of pyrogen a tolerance could be established such that a reduced, but still considerable, amount of pyrogen caused no fever whatever. 5. Rabbits that had been injected with S. marcescens or Ps. aeruginosa pyrogens showed a diminished febrile response to E. typhosa vaccine. 6. Passive transfer of the unresponsiveness to pyrogens could not be demonstrated. 7. Prevention of temperature elevations during the course of immunization by use of an antipyretic drug did not interfere with the development of tolerance to pyrogens. 8. A series of mechanically induced bouts of fever did not reduce the responsiveness to bacterial pyrogens.

scholarly journals A Selective, Dual Emission β-Alanine Aminopeptidase Activated Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia, and Serratia marcescens

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Váradi ◽  
Elias Y. Najib ◽  
David E. Hibbs ◽  
John D. Perry ◽  
Paul W. Groundwater
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Dual Emission ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Alanine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Alanyl Aminopeptidase ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Flavone Derivative

Selective detection of β-alanyl aminopeptidase (BAP)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, and Burkholderia cepacia was achieved by employing the blue-to-yellow fluorescent transition of a BAP-specific enzyme substrate, 3-hydroxy-2-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)flavone derivative, incorporating a self-immolative linker to β-alanine. Upon cellular uptake and accumulation of the substrate by viable bacterial colonies, blue fluorescence was generated, while hydrolysis of the N-terminal peptide bond by BAP resulted in the elimination of the self-immolative linker and the restoration of the original fluorescence of the flavone derivative.

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