scholarly journals [Report on the presentation of two specimens of iron by Professor Stromeyer, Foreign Memb. R. S.]

1837 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 203-205
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Rare Metal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Molybdic Acid ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Considerable Portion

Professor Stromeyer, Foreign Memb. R.S., presented two speci­mens, one of the coarse-grained, the other of the fine-grained variety, of the remarkable mass of iron lately discovered near Magdeburg, and an account of which had been laid before the Royal Society of Got­tingen on the 14th of last month. This iron was found, in several de­tached lumps, about four feet below the mould, by Mr. Kote, who considered himself the more authorized to pronounce it meteoric, as, in the chronicles of Magdeburg, the descent of a fiery meteor is re­corded as having happened in the year 938. Professor Stromeyer has subjected this iron to a minute analysis, the results of which are very-interesting, inasmuch as, besides the alloy of nickel and cobalt, usually present in meteoric iron, he unexpectedly found a considerable portion of molybdenum, — a rare metal on our planet, occurring only in two combinations, viz. with sulphur, as glance molybdenum, and, as molybdic acid combined with oxide of lead, in the yellow lead ore of Carinthia and a few other places.

Conditional Belief and the Ramsey Test

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 215-232
Author(s):  
Scott Sturgeon
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Degrees Of Belief ◽  
Conditional Belief ◽  
Ramsey Test ◽  
Fine Grained

Consider the frameS believes that—.Fill it with a conditional, sayIf you eat an Apple, you'll drink a Coke.what makes the result true? More generally, what facts are marked by instances ofS believes (A→C)?In a sense the answer is obious: beliefs are so marked. Yet that bromide leads directly to competing schools of thought. And the reason is simple.Common-sense thinks of belief two ways. Sometimes it sees it as a three-part affair. When so viewed either you believe, disbelieve, or suspend judgment. This take on belief is coarse-grained. It says belief has three flavours: acceptance, rejection, neither. But it's not the only way common-sense thinks of belief. Sometimes it's more subtle: ‘How strong is your faith?’ can be apposite between believers. That signals an important fact. Ordinary practice also treats belief as a fine-grained affair. It speaks of levels of confidence. It admits degrees of belief. It contains a fine-grained take as well. There are two ways belief is seen in everyday life. One is coarse-grained. The other is fine-grained.

Properties of Cryogenic Treated Cemented Carbides (WC-Co)

2020 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Průcha ◽  
David Bricín ◽  
Antonín Kříž ◽  
Zdeněk Jansa
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Deep Cryogenic Treatment ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Disk Test

The present paper explores the effects of deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) on the properties of WC-Co cemented carbides. The investigation involved four different cemented carbide (CC) grades. Two of them were coarse-grained WC with grain sizes larger than 6 μm and binder fractions of 10 and 15 wt. %. The other two were fine-grained with WC grains of 0.5-0.8 μm and the same binder fractions of 10 and 15 wt. %. Their specimens were ground and polished to prepare them for DCT. In each specimen, one half of this polished surface was used for testing the properties of the CC before cryogenic treatment. The post-DCT properties were then determined on the other half. Properties of the cemented carbides prior to and after DCT were studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, hardness testing according to Vickers scale followed by calculation of fracture toughness KIC and a ball-on-disk test of the wear resistance of the surface. One of the findings was that cryogenic treatment led to a decrease in residual stresses and to lower fracture toughness KIC in the CC.

scholarly journals Large scale Malware analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bertão ◽  
Paulo Licio de Geus
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Malware Analysis ◽  
Individual Sample ◽  
Incident Response ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
The One

Malware overview reports are valuable information to understand threats behavior and develop proper countermeasures. Currently, most of these studies are focused on either fine-grained, individual sample analysis or coarse-grained landscapes. On the one hand, only the first allows professionals to handle specific security breaches. On the other hand, only the second allows understanding threat scenario as a whole. We claim that a complete security treatment is only possible when combining both approaches. Therefore, this work presents an analysis of a large malware dataset, showing the distinctions between coarse-grained and fine-grained analysis results. It presents both a general threat scenario based on coarse-grained results as well as it details fine-grained results to identify particular malicious constructions to anticipate incident response of future threats.

scholarly journals Mundus Vult Decipi RuPaul’s Drag Race as Part of the Culture Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Eelke André Verhagen
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Reality Television ◽  
Culture Industry ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Concrete Application ◽  
The One

In this article I examine the ways in which the competitive reality television franchiseRuPaul’s Drag Race(RPDR), immensely popular withWestern LGBTQ+-communities, can be considered a product of what Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer identified as the Culture Industry (CI). On the one hand,this allows for a concrete application of the CI-thesis and the exploration of possible lines of critique concerning RPDR and its effects on its viewership, while,on the other hand,it is an opportunity to evaluate the aptitude of the CI-thesis for critical analysis in the 21st century. While the concepts related to the CI-thesis turn out to be remarkably productive, its latent totalitarian and pessimistic framework tends to skew any analysis. This may warrant supplementing its coarse-grained perspective with a more fine-grained empirical investigation

The Alteration of the Pore Spaces in Sandstones

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 210-211
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Depositional Fabric ◽  
Soluble Components ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Shape And Size

The pore spaces in sandstones are the result of the original depositional fabric and the degree of post-depositional alteration that the rock has experienced. The largest pore volumes are present in coarse-grained, well-sorted materials with high sphericity. The chief mechanisms which alter the shape and size of the pores are precipitation of cementing agents and the dissolution of soluble components. Each process may operate alone or in combination with the other, or there may be several generations of cementation and solution.The scanning electron microscope has ‘been used in this study to reveal the morphology of the pore spaces in a variety of moderate porosity, orthoquartzites.

On the Origin of the Microscystalline Structure in Rapidly Solidified IN-100 Powder

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
J. M. Walsh ◽  
K. P. Gumz ◽  
J. C. Whittles ◽  
B. H. Kear
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Microcrystalline Structure ◽  
Routine Examination ◽  
Atomization Process ◽  
Centrifugal Atomization ◽  
Splat Quenching ◽  
Powder Particles ◽  
Dendritic Microstructures ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

During a routine examination of the microstructure of rapidly solidified IN-100 powder, produced by a newly-developed centrifugal atomization process1, essentially two distinct types of microstructure were identified. When a high melt superheat is maintained during atomization, the powder particles are predominantly coarse-grained, equiaxed or columnar, with distinctly dendritic microstructures, Figs, la and 4a. On the other hand, when the melt superheat is reduced by increasing the heat flow to the disc of the rotary atomizer, the powder particles are predominantly microcrystalline in character, with typically one dendrite per grain, Figs, lb and 4b. In what follows, evidence is presented that strongly supports the view that the unusual microcrystalline structure has its origin in dendrite erosion occurring in a 'mushy zone' of dynamic solidification on the disc of the rotary atomizer.The critical observations were made on atomized material that had undergone 'splat-quenching' on previously solidified, chilled substrate particles.

Correlation between dislocation, grain boundary and interface of duplex SS in stress corrosion cracking(SCC)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 928-929
Author(s):  
Wang Zheng-fang ◽  
Z.F. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Thermal Cycle ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Evaluation Test ◽  
Welding Thermal Cycle ◽  
Micro Analysis

The main purpose of this study highlights on the evaluation of chloride SCC resistance of the material,duplex stainless steel,OOCr18Ni5Mo3Si2 (18-5Mo) and its welded coarse grained zone(CGZ).18-5Mo is a dual phases (A+F) stainless steel with yield strength:512N/mm2 .The proportion of secondary Phase(A phase) accounts for 30-35% of the total with fine grained and homogeneously distributed A and F phases(Fig.1).After being welded by a specific welding thermal cycle to the material,i.e. Tmax=1350°C and t8/5=20s,microstructure may change from fine grained morphology to coarse grained morphology and from homogeneously distributed of A phase to a concentration of A phase(Fig.2).Meanwhile,the proportion of A phase reduced from 35% to 5-10°o.For this reason it is known as welded coarse grained zone(CGZ).In association with difference of microstructure between base metal and welded CGZ,so chloride SCC resistance also differ from each other.Test procedures:Constant load tensile test(CLTT) were performed for recording Esce-t curve by which corrosion cracking growth can be described, tf,fractured time,can also be recorded by the test which is taken as a electrochemical behavior and mechanical property for SCC resistance evaluation. Test environment:143°C boiling 42%MgCl2 solution is used.Besides, micro analysis were conducted with light microscopy(LM),SEM,TEM,and Auger energy spectrum(AES) so as to reveal the correlation between the data generated by the CLTT results and micro analysis.

scholarly journals Balanced Sparsity for Efficient DNN Inference on GPU

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 5676-5683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuliang Yao ◽  
Shijie Cao ◽  
Wencong Xiao ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Lanshun Nie
Keyword(s):  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Efficient Computation ◽  
Model Accuracy ◽  
Sparse Model ◽  
Model Inference ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Practical Inference ◽  
Speed Up

In trained deep neural networks, unstructured pruning can reduce redundant weights to lower storage cost. However, it requires the customization of hardwares to speed up practical inference. Another trend accelerates sparse model inference on general-purpose hardwares by adopting coarse-grained sparsity to prune or regularize consecutive weights for efficient computation. But this method often sacrifices model accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel fine-grained sparsity approach, Balanced Sparsity, to achieve high model accuracy with commercial hardwares efficiently. Our approach adapts to high parallelism property of GPU, showing incredible potential for sparsity in the widely deployment of deep learning services. Experiment results show that Balanced Sparsity achieves up to 3.1x practical speedup for model inference on GPU, while retains the same high model accuracy as finegrained sparsity.

scholarly journals Neutron Imaging Using a Fine-Grained Nuclear Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Katsuya Hirota ◽  
Tomoko Ariga ◽  
Masahiro Hino ◽  
Go Ichikawa ◽  
Shinsuke Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Neutron Detector ◽  
Nuclear Emulsion ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crystal Oscillator ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Cold Neutrons ◽  
Track Analysis

A neutron detector using a fine-grained nuclear emulsion has a sub-micron spatial resolution and thus has potential to be applied as high-resolution neutron imaging. In this paper, we present two approaches to applying the emulsion detectors for neutron imaging. One is using a track analysis to derive the reaction points for high resolution. From an image obtained with a 9 μm pitch Gd grating with cold neutrons, periodic peak with a standard deviation of 1.3 μm was observed. The other is an approach without a track analysis for high-density irradiation. An internal structure of a crystal oscillator chip, with a scale of approximately 30 μm, was able to be observed after an image analysis.

scholarly journals Submarine lava deltas of the 2018 eruption of Kīlauea volcano

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Adam Soule ◽  
Michael Zoeller ◽  
Carolyn Parcheta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Pore Pressure ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Volcanic Hazards ◽  
Lava Flows ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Delta Formation

AbstractHawaiian and other ocean island lava flows that reach the coastline can deposit significant volumes of lava in submarine deltas. The catastrophic collapse of these deltas represents one of the most significant, but least predictable, volcanic hazards at ocean islands. The volume of lava deposited below sea level in delta-forming eruptions and the mechanisms of delta construction and destruction are rarely documented. Here, we report on bathymetric surveys and ROV observations following the Kīlauea 2018 eruption that, along with a comparison to the deltas formed at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō over the past decade, provide new insight into delta formation. Bathymetric differencing reveals that the 2018 deltas contain more than half of the total volume of lava erupted. In addition, we find that the 2018 deltas are comprised largely of coarse-grained volcanic breccias and intact lava flows, which contrast with those at Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō that contain a large fraction of fine-grained hyaloclastite. We attribute this difference to less efficient fragmentation of the 2018 ‘a‘ā flows leading to fragmentation by collapse rather than hydrovolcanic explosion. We suggest a mechanistic model where the characteristic grain size influences the form and stability of the delta with fine grain size deltas (Pu‘u ‘Ō‘ō) experiencing larger landslides with greater run-out supported by increased pore pressure and with coarse grain size deltas (Kīlauea 2018) experiencing smaller landslides that quickly stop as the pore pressure rapidly dissipates. This difference, if validated for other lava deltas, would provide a means to assess potential delta stability in future eruptions.

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