scholarly journals Isolation of Corynebacterium freneyi from a case of exudative pharyngitis, a close mimicker of Corynebacterium diphtheriae

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachana Kannambath ◽  
Sujatha Sistla ◽  
Sunil Jayakar ◽  
Vivekanandan M. Pillai
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Direct Microscopy ◽  
First Report ◽  
Coryneform Bacteria ◽  
Link Type

Corynebacterium freneyi is a recently described coryneform bacteria. It is only rarely identified from clinical specimens and its pathogenic significance has not been well studied. Here we report the isolation of the species from the throat swab of a patient with suspected diphtheria. The morphology on direct microscopy and culture also closely resembled Corynebacterium diphtheriae , which almost led to misidentification. The prompt clinical and microbiological response suggests a probable pathogenic role. This is the first report of the isolation of this species from an oropharyngeal sample.

Eikenella glucosivorans sp. nov., isolated from a human throat swab, and emendation of the genus Eikenella to include saccharolytic species

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvio Hering ◽  
Moritz K. Jansson ◽  
Michael E. J. Buhl
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Throat Swab ◽  
Novel Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Bacterium Strain

A novel species within the genus Eikenella is described, based on the phenotypical, biochemical and genetic characterization of a strain of a facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium. Strain S3360T was isolated from the throat swab of a patient sampled during routine care at a hospital. Phylogenetic analyses (full-length 16S rRNA gene and whole-genome sequences) placed the strain in the genus Eikenella , separate from all recognized species but with the closest relationship to Eikenella longinqua (NML 02-A-017T). Eikenella is one of the genera in the HACEK group known to be responsible for rare cases of endocarditis in humans. Until the recent descriptions of Eikenella exigua , Eikenella halliae and Eikenella longinqua , Eikenella corrodens had been the only validly published species in this genus since its description as Bacteroides corrodens in 1958. Unlike these species, strain S3360T is able to metabolize carbohydrates (glucose). The average nucleotide identities of strain S3360T with E. longinqua (NML 02-A-017T) and E. corrodens (NCTC 10596T), the type species of the genus, were 90.5 and 84.7 %, respectively, and the corresponding genome-to-genome distance values were 41.3 and 29.0 %, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain S3360T was 58.4 mol%. Based on the phenotypical, biochemical and genetic findings, strain S3360T is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Eikenella , for which the name Eikenella glucosivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S3360T (DSM 110714T=CCOS 1935T=CCUG 74293T). In addition, an emendation of the genus Eikenella is proposed to include species which are saccharolytic.

Corynebacterium hindlerae sp. nov., derived from a human granuloma, which forms black colonies and black halos on modified Tinsdale medium but is not closely related to Corynebacterium diphtheriae and related taxa

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Bernard ◽  
Tamara Burdz ◽  
Ana Luisa Pacheco ◽  
Deborah Wiebe ◽  
Anne-Marie Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Potassium Tellurite ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Corynebacterium Ulcerans ◽  
Health Response

Corynebacterium diphtheriae , Corynebacterium belfantii , Corynebacterium rouxii , Corynebacterium ulcerans , Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Corynebacterium silvaticum are the only taxa from among ~121 Corynebacterium species deemed potentially able to harbour diphtheria tox genes. Subsequently tox-gene bearing species may potentially produce diphtheria toxin, which is linked to fatal respiratory distress if a pharyngeal pseudomembrane is formed or toxaemia develops in those unimmunized or under-immunized. Detection of diphtheria toxin-producing species may also invoke a public health response and contact tracing. Recovery of such species from the respiratory tract or other contaminated sources such as non-healing ulcerative wounds are expedited by use of differential and selective media such as modified Tinsdale medium (MTM). This medium is supplemented with potassium tellurite, which supresses most normal flora present in contaminated specimens, as well as l-cystine and thiosulphate. Most diphtheria-tox-gene bearing species grow well on MTM, producing black colonies with a black halo around each colony. This is due to an ability to produce cystinase in the presence of tellurite, cystine and thiosulphate, resulting in black tellurium deposits being observed in the agar. Other Corynebacterium species may/may not be able to grow at all in the presence of tellurite but if able to grow, will have small beige or brownish colonies which do not exhibit black halos. We describe here an unusual non-tox-gene-bearing isolate, NML 93-0612T, recovered from a human wrist granuloma, which produced black colonies with black halos on MTM agar but was otherwise distinguishable from Corynebacterium species which can bear tox genes. Distinctive features included its unusual colony morphology on MTM and sheep blood agar, by proteomic, biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties and by molecular methods. Its genome contained 2 680 694 bytes, a G+C content of 60.65 mol% with features consistent with the genus Corynebacterium and so represents a new species for which we propose the name Corynebacterium hindlerae sp. nov.

scholarly journals Genomic epidemiology of nontoxigenic Corynebacterium diphtheriae from King County, Washington State, USA between July 2018 and May 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzi Xiaoli ◽  
Eileen Benoliel ◽  
Yanhui Peng ◽  
Janessa Aneke ◽  
Pamela K. Cassiday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
King County ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Genomic Epidemiology ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Content Variation

Between July 2018 and May 2019, Corynebacterium diphtheriae was isolated from eight patients with non-respiratory infections, seven of whom experienced homelessness and had stayed at shelters in King County, WA, USA. All isolates were microbiologically identified as nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae biovar mitis. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed that all case isolates were genetically related, associated with sequence type 445 and differing by fewer than 24 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Compared to publicly available C. diphtheriae genomic data, these WA isolates formed a discrete cluster with SNP variation consistent with previously reported outbreaks. Virulence-related gene content variation within the highly related WA cluster isolates was also observed. These results indicated that genome characterization can readily support epidemiology of nontoxigenic C. diphtheriae .

scholarly journals Cutaneous infection by non-diphtheria-toxin producing and penicillin-resistant Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain in a patient with diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Roberto Batista Araújo ◽  
Mireille Ângela Bernardes Sousa ◽  
Luisa Ferreira Seabra ◽  
Letícia Aparecida Caldeira ◽  
Carmem Dolores Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diphtheria Toxin ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Corynebacterium Diphtheriae ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Invasive Infections

Diphtheria is a potentially fatal infection, mostly caused by diphtheria toxin (DT)-producing Corynebacterium diphtheriae strains. During the last decades, the isolation of DT-producing C. diphtheriae strains has been decreasing worldwide. However, non-DT-producing C. diphtheriae strains emerged as causative agents of cutaneous and invasive infections. Although endemic in countries with warm climates, cutaneous diphtheria is rarely reported in Brazil. Presently, an unusual case of skin lesion in a Brazilian elderly diabetic patient infected by a penicillin-resistant non-DT-producing C. diphtheriae strain was reported. Laboratory diagnosis included mass spectrometry and multiplex PCR analyses. Since cutaneous diphtheria lesions are possible sources of secondary diphtheria cases and systemic diseases and considering that penicillin is the first line of antimicrobial agent for the treatment of these infections, the detection of penicillin-resistant strains of diphtheria bacilli should be a matter of concern. Thus, cases similar to the presently reported should be appropriately investigated and treated, particularly in patients with risk factor (s) for the development of C. diphtheriae invasive infections, such as diabetes. Moreover, health professionals must be aware of the presence of C. diphtheriae in cutaneous lesions of lower limbs, a common type of morbidity in diabetic patients, especially in tropical and subtropical countries.

Spirochaeta psychrophila sp. nov., a psychrophilic spirochaete isolated from subseafloor sediment, and emended description of the genus Spirochaeta

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_8) ◽  
pp. 2798-2804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Miyazaki ◽  
Sanae Sakai ◽  
Yuko Yamanaka ◽  
Yumi Saito ◽  
Ken Takai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Report ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The North ◽  
Shimokita Peninsula ◽  
Unknown Lipid

An obligately anaerobic, psychrophilic spirochaete, strain MO-SPC1T, was isolated from a methanogenic microbial community grown in a continuous-flow bioreactor. Originally, this community was obtained from subseafloor sediments off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan in the north-western Pacific Ocean. The cells were motile, Gram-stain-negative, helical, 0.25–0.55×3.6–15 µm, with a wavelength of approximately 0.5–0.6 µm. Strain MO-SPC1T grew at 0–18 °C (optimally at 15 °C), at pH 6.0–7.5 (optimally at pH 6.8–7.0) and in 20–70 g NaCl l−1 (optimally at 30–40 NaCl l−1). The strain grew chemo-organotrophically with mono-, di- and polysaccharides. The major end products of glucose fermentation were acetate, ethanol, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The abundant polar lipids of strain MO-SPC1T were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unknown phospholipids and an unknown lipid. The major cellular fatty acids (>5 % of the total) were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C13 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C13 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the fatty acids iso-C13 : 0 and anteiso-C13 : 0 from a species of the genus Spirochaeta . Isoprenoid quinones were not found. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis showed that strain MO-SPC1T was affiliated with the genus Spirochaeta , and its closest relatives were Spirochaeta isovalerica MA-2T (95.6 % sequence identity) and Spirochaeta litoralis R1T (89.4 %). Based on its phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic traits, strain MO-SPC1T is placed in a separate taxon at the level of a novel species within the genus Spirochaeta, for which the name Spirochaeta psychrophila sp. nov. is proposed, reflecting its true psychrophilic physiology. The type strain is MO-SPC1T ( = JCM 17280T = DSM 23951T). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an isolate of the phylum Spirochaetes from a deep-sea sedimentary environment, and of an obligately psychrophilic nature.

Hazenella coriacea gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from clinical specimens

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 4087-4093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Buss ◽  
Jocelyn A. Cole ◽  
George E. Hannett ◽  
Elizabeth J. Nazarian ◽  
Leah Nazarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Family

A Gram-staining-positive, endospore-forming rod was isolated independently from clinical specimens in New York State, USA, once in 2009 and twice in 2011. The three isolates had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and, based on their 16S rRNA gene sequence, are most closely related to the type strains of Laceyella sediminis and L. sacchari (94.6 % similarity). The partial 23S rRNA gene sequences of the three strains were also 100 % identical. Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis suggests that the new isolates belong to the family Thermoactinomycetaceae . Additional biochemical and phenotypic characteristics of the strains support the family designation and suggest that the three isolates represent a single species. In each of the strains, the predominant menaquinone is MK-7, the diagnostic diamino acid is meso-diaminopimelic acid and the major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C13 : 0. The polar lipids are phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, four unknown phospholipids, four unknown aminophospholipids and an unknown lipid. It is proposed that the novel isolates represent a single novel species within a new genus, for which the name Hazenella coriacea gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Hazenella coriacea is strain 23436T ( = DSM 45707T = LMG 27204T).

Staphylococcus jettensis sp. nov., a coagulase-negative staphylococcal species isolated from human clinical specimens

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_9) ◽  
pp. 3250-3256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annelies De Bel ◽  
Koenraad Van Hoorde ◽  
Ingrid Wybo ◽  
Kristof Vandoorslaer ◽  
Fedoua Echahidi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Teichoic Acid ◽  
Housekeeping Genes ◽  
Cellular Fatty Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Staphylococcus Hominis ◽  
Content Sequencing

Eight coagulase-negative, novobiocin-susceptible staphylococcal strains were isolated from human clinical specimens at two different Belgian medical facilities. All strains were non-motile, Gram-stain-positive, catalase-positive cocci. DNA G+C content, peptidoglycan type, menaquinone pattern, the presence of teichoic acid and cellular fatty acid composition were in agreement with the characteristics of species of the genus Staphylococcus . Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and four housekeeping genes (dnaJ, tuf, gap and rpoB) demonstrated that these strains constitute a separate taxon within the genus Staphylococcus . Less than 41 % DNA–DNA hybridization with the most closely related species of the genus Staphylococcus ( Staphylococcus haemolyticus , Staphylococcus hominis and Staphlococcus lugdunensis ) was observed. Key biochemical characteristics that allowed these bacteria to be distinguished from their nearest phylogenetic neighbours are arginine dihydrolase positivity, ornithine decarboxylase negativity and inability to produce acid aerobically from d-mannose, α-lactose and turanose. Acid is produced aerobically from trehalose. Based on these results, a novel species of the genus Staphylococcus is described and named Staphylococcus jettensis sp. nov. The type strain is SEQ110T ( = LMG 26879T = CCUG 62657T = DSM 26618T).

scholarly journals Faecalicoccus acidiformans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the chicken caecum, and reclassification of Streptococcus pleomorphus (Barnes et al. 1977), Eubacterium biforme (Eggerth 1935) and Eubacterium cylindroides (Cato et al. 1974) as Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov., Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov. and Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively, within the family Erysipelotrichaceae

2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (Pt_11) ◽  
pp. 3877-3884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celine De Maesschalck ◽  
Filip Van Immerseel ◽  
Venessa Eeckhaut ◽  
Siegrid De Baere ◽  
Margo Cnockaert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

Strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were isolated from the caecal content of a chicken and produced butyric, lactic and formic acids as major metabolic end products. The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427 were 40.4 and 38.8 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, both strains were most closely related to the generically misclassified Streptococcus pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. Strain LMG 27428T could be distinguished from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T based on production of more lactic acid and less formic acid in M2GSC medium, a higher DNA G+C content and the absence of activities of acid phosphatase and leucine, arginine, leucyl glycine, pyroglutamic acid, glycine and histidine arylamidases, while strain LMG 27428 was biochemically indistinguishable from S. pleomorphus ATCC 29734T. The novel genus Faecalicoccus gen. nov. within the family Erysipelotrichaceae is proposed to accommodate strains LMG 27428T and LMG 27427. Strain LMG 27428T ( = DSM 26963T) is the type strain of Faecalicoccus acidiformans sp. nov., and strain LMG 27427 ( = DSM 26962) is a strain of Faecalicoccus pleomorphus comb. nov. (type strain LMG 17756T = ATCC 29734T = DSM 20574T). Furthermore, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of the genus Faecalicoccus are the generically misclassified Eubacterium cylindroides DSM 3983T (94.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T) and Eubacterium biforme DSM 3989T (92.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to strain LMG 27428T). We present genotypic and phenotypic data that allow the differentiation of each of these taxa and propose to reclassify these generically misnamed species of the genus Eubacterium formally as Faecalitalea cylindroides gen. nov., comb. nov. and Holdemanella biformis gen. nov., comb. nov., respectively. The type strain of Faecalitalea cylindroides is DSM 3983T = ATCC 27803T = JCM 10261T and that of Holdemanella biformis is DSM 3989T = ATCC 27806T = CCUG 28091T.

scholarly journals Pseudoseohaeicola caenipelagi gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_6) ◽  
pp. 1819-1824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sooyeon Park ◽  
Ji-Min Park ◽  
Chul-Hyung Kang ◽  
Song-Gun Kim ◽  
Jung-Hoon Yoon
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Tidal Flat ◽  
Type Strain ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Link Type

A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic and pleomorphic bacterium, designated BS-W13T, was isolated from a tidal flat on the South Sea, South Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Strain BS-W13T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 1.0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BS-W13T clustered with the type strain of Seohaeicola saemankumensis , showing the highest sequence similarity (95.96 %) to this strain. Strain BS-W13T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.95, 95.91, 95.72 and 95.68 % to the type strains of Sulfitobacter donghicola , Sulfitobacter porphyrae , Sulfitobacter mediterraneus and Roseobacter litoralis , respectively. Strain BS-W13T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The polar lipid profile of strain BS-W13T, containing phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid as major components, was distinguishable from those of some phylogenetically related taxa. The DNA G+C content of strain BS-W13T was 58.1 mol%. The phylogenetic data and differential chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties revealed that strain BS-W13T constitutes a novel genus and species within family Rhodobacteraceae of the class Alphaproteobacteria , for which the name Pseudoseohaeicola caenipelagi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BS-W13T ( = KCTC 42349T = CECT 8724T).

Litorilinea aerophila gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic member of the class Caldilineae , phylum Chloroflexi , isolated from an intertidal hot spring

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_3) ◽  
pp. 1149-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Kale ◽  
Snædís H. Björnsdóttir ◽  
Ólafur H. Friðjónsson ◽  
Sólveig K. Pétursdóttir ◽  
Sesselja Ómarsdóttir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Fermentative Growth ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Ph Range

A thermophilic, aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, filamentous bacterium, strain PRI-4131T, was isolated from an intertidal hot spring in Isafjardardjup, NW Iceland. The strain grew chemo-organotrophically on various carbohydrates. The temperature range for growth was 40–65 °C (optimum 55 °C), the pH range was pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and the NaCl range was 0–3 % (w/v) (optimum 0.5 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain PRI-4131T represented a distinct lineage within the class Caldilineae of the phylum Chloroflexi. The highest levels of sequence similarity, about 91 %, were with Caldilinea aerophila STL-6-O1T and Caldilinea tarbellica D1-25-10-4T. Fermentative growth was not observed for strain PRI-4131T, which, in addition to other characteristics, distinguished it from the two Caldilinea species. Owing to both phylogenetic and phenotypic differences from the described members of the class Caldilineae , we propose to accommodate strain PRI-4131T in a novel species in a new genus, Litorilinea aerophila gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Litorilinea aerophila is PRI-4131T ( = DSM 25763T  = ATCC BAA-2444T).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document