scholarly journals Pelotomaculum propionicicum sp. nov., an anaerobic, mesophilic, obligately syntrophic, propionate-oxidizing bacterium

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Imachi ◽  
Sanae Sakai ◽  
Akiyoshi Ohashi ◽  
Hideki Harada ◽  
Satoshi Hanada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Methanospirillum Hungatei ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Bacterium Strain ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

An anaerobic, mesophilic, syntrophic, propionate-oxidizing bacterium, strain MGPT, was isolated as a defined co-culture with Methanospirillum hungatei from the methanogenic sludge of a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. The strain grew in the presence of propionate, but only in co-culture with methanogens, suggesting that it is an obligately syntrophic bacterium. The optimum temperature for growth was 37 °C, and the optimum pH was between 6.5 and 7.2. Based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain MGPT was affiliated with subcluster Ih of ‘Desulfotomaculum cluster I’, in which it was found to be moderately related to known species of the genera Pelotomaculum and Cryptanaerobacter. Similar to known species of the genus Pelotomaculum, strain MGPT could degrade propionate in syntrophy, but had no ability to reduce sulfate, sulfite and thiosulfate. Further phenotypic and genetic studies supported the affiliation of the strain as a novel species in this genus, for which the name Pelotomaculum propionicicum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MGPT (=DSM 15578T=JCM 11929T). The strain has been deposited in the DSM and JCM culture collections as a defined co-culture with Methanospirillum hungatei.

scholarly journals Syntrophomonas palmitatica sp. nov., an anaerobic, syntrophic, long-chain fatty-acid-oxidizing bacterium isolated from methanogenic sludge

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 2137-2142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masashi Hatamoto ◽  
Hiroyuki Imachi ◽  
Sanae Fukayo ◽  
Akiyoshi Ohashi ◽  
Hideki Harada
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Chain Lengths

A mesophilic, syntrophic, fatty-acid-oxidizing anaerobic strain, designated MPAT, was isolated from granular sludge in a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor used to treat palm oil mill effluent. Cells were slightly curved, non-motile rods. Spore formation was not observed. The optimal temperature for growth was around 37 °C and optimal pH for growth was 7.0. Strain MPAT was able to grow on crotonate or pentenoate plus butyrate in pure culture. In co-culture with the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanospirillum hungatei, strain MPAT was able to oxidize straight-chain saturated fatty acids with carbon chain lengths of C4–C18. The strain was unable to utilize sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, nitrate, fumarate, iron(III) or DMSO as an electron acceptor. The G+C content of the DNA was 45.0 mol%. Based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain MPAT was found to be a member of the genus Syntrophomonas and was most closely related to the type strains of Syntrophomonas curvata and Syntrophomonas sapovorans (sequence similarities of 94 %). Genetic and phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain MPAT represents a novel species, for which the name Syntrophomonas palmitatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MPAT (=JCM 14374T=NBRC 102128T=DSM 18709T).

scholarly journals Kaistia granuli sp. nov., isolated from anaerobic granules in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2280-2283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Won Lee ◽  
Hong-Shan Yu ◽  
Qing-mei Liu ◽  
Hae-Min Jung ◽  
Dong-Shan An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Physiological Data ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Sequence Similarities

A Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium (designated strain Ko04T) was isolated from anaerobic granules in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor, and was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Ko04T belongs to the order Rhizobiales in the Alphaproteobacteria. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain Ko04T was most closely related to Kaistia adipata (97.5 %) and that sequence similarities with other species of Rhizobiales with validly published names were less than 92.5 %. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10 and the major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c/ω9t/ω12t, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C18 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain Ko04T was 67.8 mol%. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness with K. adipata Chj404T was 15 %. The results of the genotypic analyses in combination with chemotaxonomic and physiological data demonstrated that strain Ko04T represents a novel species within the genus Kaistia, for which the name Kaistia granuli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ko04T (=KCTC 12575T=LMG 23410T).

scholarly journals Paracoccus koreensis sp. nov., isolated from anaerobic granules in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1657-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jun La ◽  
Wan-Taek Im ◽  
Leonid N. Ten ◽  
Myung Suk Kang ◽  
Do-Yun Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Phylogenetic Distance ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

A Gram-negative, short rod- to coccus-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (Ch05T) was isolated from granules in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strain Ch05T was shown to belong to the subclass α-Proteobacteria, being related to Paracoccus solventivorans (97·5 %), Paracoccus alkenifer (96·9 %) and Paracoccus kocurii (96·4 %). The phylogenetic distance from Paracoccus species with validly published names was always less than 96 %. Physiological and chemotaxonomic data (major ubiquinone, Q-10; major fatty acids, C18 : 1 and C18 : 0) supported the affiliation of strain Ch05T to the genus Paracoccus. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain Ch05T from the 17 Paracoccus species with validly published names. Ch05T therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Paracoccus koreensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ch05T (=KCTC 12238T=IAM 15216T).

Oligosphaera ethanolica gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, carbohydrate-fermenting bacterium isolated from methanogenic sludge, and description of Oligosphaeria classis nov. in the phylum Lentisphaerae

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_2) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ling Qiu ◽  
Mizuho Muramatsu ◽  
Satoshi Hanada ◽  
Yoichi Kamagata ◽  
Rong-Bo Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Strength ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gene Sequence Analysis ◽  
Novel Genus And Species ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

A mesophilic, obligately anaerobic, carbohydrate-fermenting bacterium, designated 8KG-4T, was isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating high-strength organic wastewater from salted vegetable production processes. Cells of strain 8KG-4T were non-motile, spherical and 0.7–1.5 µm in diameter (mean, 1.0 µm). Spore formation was not observed under any culture conditions tested. The strain grew optimally at 37 °C (range for growth 25–40 °C) and pH 7.0 (range, pH 6.5–7.5), and could grow fermentatively on glucose, ribose, xylose, galactose and sucrose. The main end products of glucose fermentation were acetate, ethanol and hydrogen. Organic acids, alcohols and amino acids were not utilized for growth. Yeast extract was not required for growth. Nitrate, sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite and Fe(III) nitrilotriacetate were not used as terminal electron acceptors. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate represented a previously uncultured lineage at the subphylum level within the phylum Lentisphaerae known as ‘WWE2 subgroup I’. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Respiratory quinones were not detected. The most abundant polar lipid of strain 8KG-4T was phosphatidylethanolamine. A novel genus and species, Oligosphaera ethanolica gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate strain 8KG-4T ( = JCM 17152T = DSM 24202T  = CGMCC 1.5160T). In addition, we formally propose Oligosphaeria classis nov. and the subordinate taxa Oligosphaerales order nov. and Oligosphaeraceae fam. nov.

scholarly journals Microbial Diversity Dynamics in a Methanogenic-Sulfidogenic UASB Reactor

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1305
Author(s):  
E. Fernández-Palacios ◽  
Xudong Zhou ◽  
Mabel Mora ◽  
David Gabriel
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Long Run

In this study, the long-term performance and microbial dynamics of an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor targeting sulfate reduction in a SOx emissions treatment system were assessed using crude glycerol as organic carbon source and electron donor under constant S and C loading rates. The reactor was inoculated with granular sludge obtained from a pulp and paper industry and fed at a constant inlet sulfate concentration of 250 mg S-SO42−L−1 and a constant C/S ratio of 1.5 ± 0.3 g Cg−1 S for over 500 days. Apart from the regular analysis of chemical species, Illumina analyses of the 16S rRNA gene were used to study the dynamics of the bacterial community along with the whole operation. The reactor was sampled along the operation to monitor its diversity and the changes in targeted species to gain insight into the performance of the sulfidogenic UASB. Moreover, studies on the stratification of the sludge bed were performed by sampling at different reactor heights. Shifts in the UASB performance correlated well with the main shifts in microbial communities of interest. A progressive loss of the methanogenic capacity towards a fully sulfidogenic UASB was explained by a progressive wash-out of methanogenic Archaea, which were outcompeted by sulfate-reducing bacteria. Desulfovibrio was found as the main sulfate-reducing genus in the reactor along time. A progressive reduction in the sulfidogenic capacity of the UASB was found in the long run due to the accumulation of a slime-like substance in the UASB.

scholarly journals Microbial Removal of Pb(II) Using an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) Reactor

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Jeremiah Chimhundi ◽  
Carla Hörstmann ◽  
Evans M. N. Chirwa ◽  
Hendrik G. Brink
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Microbial Removal ◽  
Maximum Removal

The main objective of this study was to achieve the continuous biorecovery and bioreduction of Pb(II) using an industrially obtained consortia as a biocatalyst. An upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor was used in the treatment process. The bioremediation technique that was applied made use of a yeast extract as the microbial substrate and Pb(NO3)2 as the source of Pb(II). The UASB reactor exhibited removal efficiencies of between 90 and 100% for the inlet Pb concentrations from 80 to 2000 ppm and a maximum removal rate of 1948.4 mg/(L·d) was measured. XRD and XPS analyses of the precipitate revealed the presence of Pb0, PbO, PbS and PbSO4. Supporting experimental work carried out included growth measurements, pH, oxidation–reduction potentials and nitrate levels.

KINETIC MODELS FOR PREDICTION OF COD EFFLUENT FROM UPFLOW ANAEROBIC SLUDGE BLANKET (UASB) REACTOR FOR CANNERY SEAFOOD WASTEWATER TREATMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunwanee Jijai ◽  
Chairat Siripatana ◽  
Sompong O-Thong ◽  
Norli Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Kinetic Models ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Reactor Kinetic ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The three identical lab-scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors were operated continuously for treating cannery seafood wastewater at seven hydraulic retention times (HRTs) of 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.25 days. The different of granule sizes from three sources: a cassava factory (CS), a seafood factory (SS), and a palm oil mill (PS), average sizes in the range 1.5-1.7, 0.7-1.0 and 0.1-0.2 mm respectively were used as inocula for anaerobic digestion. The UASB-R1 used only granules from seafood factory (R1-SS), the UASB-R2 used mixed granules from seafood with cassava factory (R2-SS+CS) and the UASB-R3 used mixed granules from seafood factory with palm oil mill (R3-SS+PS). In this study selected mathematical models including Monod, Contois, Grau second-order and modified Stover-Kicannon kinetic models were applied to determine the substrate removal kinetics of UASB reactor. Kinetic parameters were determined through linear regression using experimental data obtained from the steady-state experiment and subsequently used to predict effluent COD. The results showed that Grau second-order and modified Stover-Kicannon kinetic models were more suitable than that of others for predicting the effluent COD, with high the correlation coefficient (R2). In addition, the UASB-R2 from mixed granules with cassava factory (SS+CS) gave the best performance and highest coefficient value.

Treatment of raw sewage in a temperate climate using a UASB reactor and the hanging sponge cubes process

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit K. Agrawal ◽  
Yasuhiro Ohashi ◽  
Etsuo Mochida ◽  
Hiroyuki Okui ◽  
Yasuko Ueki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Oxidation Rates ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Digested Sewage Sludge

The treatability of raw sewage in a temperate climate (wintertime around 10–20°C) using an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor and the hanging sponge cubes process was evaluated. After being seeded with digested sewage sludge, a 47.1 L UASB reactor was continuously operated for more than 2 years by feeding raw sewage, which had average COD around 300 mg/L (41% soluble). During summertime at an HRT of 7 h, effluent COD approximately 70 mg/L total, 50 mg/L soluble and BOD5 20 mg/L total, 12 mg/L soluble was obtained. During wintertime also, treatment efficiency and process stability was good. With the hanging sponge cubes process using the effluent of the UASB reactor treating raw sewage, the following results were obtained. The ammonia oxidation rates of 1.9 and 3.5 g NH4-N·m−2·d−1 in a downflow hanging sponge cubes biofilter, under natural air intake only were obtained during wintertime and summertime, respectively. With post-denitrification and an external carbon source, 84% in average N (NO3+NO2) was removed with an HRT of less than 1 hour and in the temperature range of 13 to 30°C using an upflow submerged hanging sponge bed bioreactor, under anaerobic conditions. The overall system using a UASB reactor and the hanging sponge cubes process could be quite an attractive treatment alternative.

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