scholarly journals A naturally occurring human/hepatitis E recombinant virus predominates in serum but not in faeces of a chronic hepatitis E patient and has a growth advantage in cell culture

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 526-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. T. Nguyen ◽  
U. Torian ◽  
K. Faulk ◽  
K. Mather ◽  
R. E. Engle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Hypervariable Region ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Virus Growth ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Virus Genomes

Hepatitis E virus is the aetiological agent of acute hepatitis E, a self-limiting disease prevalent in developing countries. Molecular analysis of viral genomic RNA from a chronically infected patient confirmed the recent discovery that chronic infection correlated with extensive diversification of the virus quasispecies: the hypervariable region of some virus genomes in this USA patient contained large continuous deletions and a minor proportion of genomes in faeces and serum had acquired a mammalian sequence that encoded 39 aa of S19 ribosomal protein fused to the virus non-structural protein. Genomes with this insert were selected during virus passage in cultured cells to become the predominant species, suggesting that the inserted sequence promoted virus growth. The results demonstrated that hepatitis E virus can mutate dramatically during a prolonged infection and suggests it may be important to prevent or cure chronic infections before new variants with unpredictable properties arise.

Characterization of sporadic acute hepatitis E and comparison of hepatitis E virus genomes in acute hepatitis patients and pig liver sold as food in Mie, Japan

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. E63-E76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Okano ◽  
Masaharu Takahashi ◽  
Yoshiaki Isono ◽  
Hiroki Tanaka ◽  
Tatsunori Nakano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Pig Liver ◽  
Sporadic Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Genomes

scholarly journals Seasonal pattern of hepatitis E virus prevalence in swine in two different geographical areas of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
pp. 2403-2409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. LU ◽  
H. Z. QIAN ◽  
A. Q. HU ◽  
X. QIN ◽  
Q. W. JIANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Eastern China ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Southwestern China ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Virus Prevalence ◽  
Swine Hepatitis ◽  
A Minor

SUMMARYWe studied seasonal patterns of swine hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection in China. From 2008 to 2011, 4200 swine bile specimens were collected for the detection of HEV RNA. A total of 92/2400 (3·83%) specimens in eastern China and 47/1800 (2·61%) specimens in southwestern China were positive for HEV. Seasonal patterns differing by geographical area were suggested. In eastern China, the major peak of HEV RNA prevalence was during March–April, with a minor peak during September–October, and a dip during July–August. In southwestern China, the peak was during September–October and the dip during March–April. The majority of subtype 4a cases (63/82, 76·83%) were detected in the first half of the year, while the majority of subtype 4b cases (26/29, 89·66%) were concentrated in the second half of the year, suggesting that different subtypes contribute to different peaks. Our results indicate that the distribution of HEV subtypes is associated with seasonal patterns.

scholarly journals Acute hepatitis E virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus-positive men and women in Nepal: Not quite a rare entity

Hepatology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 1006-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birendra Prasad Gupta ◽  
Ananta Shrestha ◽  
Anurag Adhikari ◽  
Thupten Kelsang Lama ◽  
Binaya Sapkota
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Case report: Acute Hepatitis E Infection with Co-Existent Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitabh Monga ◽  
Ravinder PS Makkar ◽  
Anju Arora ◽  
Surabhi Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Ajay K Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
G6pd Deficiency ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Acute Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Hepatitis E virus is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis in India but usually manifests as a mild self-limiting illness. Viral hepatitis in the presence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency may be associated with complications such as severe anemia, hemolysis, renal failure, hepatic encephalopathy and even death. The incidence of G6PD deficiency in the general population of northern India is reported to be between 2.2% and 14%. Despite both hepatitis E infection and G6PD deficiency being common, their impact on patient illness has only recently been reported. The present study reports a case of severe hemolysis in a patient with G6PD deficiency and hepatitis E infection.

Evidence for the presence of autochthonous (locally acquired) cases of acute hepatitis E virus infections in Italy since the 80s

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 348-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommaso Stroffolini ◽  
Maria Rapicetta ◽  
Paola Chionne ◽  
Rozenn Esvan ◽  
Elisabetta Madonna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Acute Hepatitis E

scholarly journals Identification of the Intragenomic Promoter Controlling Hepatitis E Virus Subgenomic RNA Transcription

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Ding ◽  
Ila Nimgaonkar ◽  
Nicholas F. Archer ◽  
Yaron Bram ◽  
Brigitte Heller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Genome Replication ◽  
Genomic Rna ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Particle Assembly ◽  
Subgenomic Rna ◽  
General Importance

ABSTRACT Approximately 20 million hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections occur annually in both developing and industrialized countries. Most infections are self-limiting, but they can lead to chronic infections and cirrhosis in immunocompromised patients, and death in pregnant women. The mechanisms of HEV replication remain incompletely understood due to scarcity of adequate experimental platforms. HEV undergoes asymmetric genome replication, but it produces an additional subgenomic (SG) RNA encoding the viral capsid and a viroporin in partially overlapping open reading frames. Using a novel transcomplementation system, we mapped the intragenomic subgenomic promoter regulating SG RNA synthesis. This cis -acting element is highly conserved across all eight HEV genotypes, and when the element is mutated, it abrogates particle assembly and release. Our work defines previously unappreciated viral regulatory elements and provides the first in-depth view of the intracellular genome dynamics of this emerging human pathogen. IMPORTANCE HEV is an emerging pathogen causing severe liver disease. The genetic information of HEV is encoded in RNA. The genomic RNA is initially copied into a complementary, antigenomic RNA that is a template for synthesis of more genomic RNA and for so-called subgenomic RNA. In this study, we identified the precise region within the HEV genome at which the synthesis of the subgenomic RNA is initiated. The nucleotides within this region are conserved across genetically distinct variants of HEV, highlighting the general importance of this segment for the virus. To identify this regulatory element, we developed a new experimental system that is a powerful tool with broad utility to mechanistically dissect many other poorly understood functional elements of HEV.

scholarly journals A Novel Hepe-Like Virus from Farmed Giant Freshwater Prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Dong ◽  
Tao Hu ◽  
Qingyuan Liu ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Yani Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis E Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Macrobrachium Rosenbergii ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Giant Freshwater Prawn ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Virus Genomes

The family Hepeviridae includes several positive-stranded RNA viruses, which infect a wide range of mammalian species, chicken, and trout. However, few hepatitis E viruses (HEVs) have been characterized from invertebrates. In this study, a hepevirus, tentatively named Crustacea hepe-like virus 1 (CHEV1), from the economically important crustacean, the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii, was characterized. The complete genome consisted of 7750 nucleotides and had a similar structure to known hepatitis E virus genomes. Phylogenetic analyses suggested it might be a novel hepe-like virus within the family Hepeviridae. To our knowledge, this is the first hepe-like virus characterized from crustaceans.

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