scholarly journals Transgender identity and mental health in adolescence: a scoping review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten L Patrick
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Minority Adolescents

BACKGROUND Global health guidance has identified gender minorities and adolescents, respectively, as being at elevated risk of mental disorders. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to examine the association between mental distress and transgender status in adolescents, to reflect on how global policy might specifically address the mental health of transgender adolescents. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in six databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL Plus, ADOLEC, PsychINFO and PsychEXTRA) for published quantitative and qualitative studies examining a range of mental disorders, suicidality and non-suicidal selfinjury (NSSI) among adolescents with gender dysphoria or who identify as transgender. The search was limited to original research studies published in Afrikaans, Dutch, English, French and Spanish, but not limited by date. Prevalence estimates of mental disorders, suicidality and NSSI were abstracted from individual studies. The Meyer minority stress model was used as a framework to map risk and protective factors associated with mental distress, grouping by distal stressors, proximal stressors and resilience factors. RESULTS 49 studies met inclusion criteria. 33 observational studies reported prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation, self-harm, eating disorder and/or disorders of neurodiversity among transgender adolescents. Rates of mental distress were higher among transgender than among both cisgender heterosexual and sexual minority adolescents. Identified risk factors for mental distress were bullying; physical and sexual violence; poor relationships with family and peers; stigmatization by health care providers; internalized transphobia; negative self-concept; and substance use. Factors that appeared to protect against distress included parent-connectedness; peer- and teacher-support; safe school environment; consistent use of chosen names and pronouns; hobbies; and gender-affirming medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS Evidence-informed global governance on adolescent health could encourage countries both to strengthen information systems to support research on transgender adolescent health and to adopt a comprehensive, integrated approach to promoting mental health among gender minority adolescents.

scholarly journals Understanding physical literacy in the context of health: a rapid scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Cornish ◽  
Gloria Fox ◽  
Trina Fyfe ◽  
Erica Koopmans ◽  
Anne Pousette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Physical Literacy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Physical literacy is a multidimensional concept that describes a holistic foundation for physical activity engagement. Understanding the utilization and effectiveness of physical literacy in the context of health and the health care setting will support clinical and population health programming. The purpose of this rapid scoping review was to: 1) map the conceptualization of physical literacy as it relates to health; 2) identify and describe the utilization of physical literacy in the context of health and engagement of health care providers; and 3) better understand the relationship between physical literacy, physical activity, and health. Methods Following established scoping review methods adapted for a rapid review approach, we searched electronic databases Medline OVID, CINAHL Ebsco, PsycInfo Ebsco, Web of Science ISI, and ERIC Ebsco from conception until September 2019. Tabulation coding was used to identify the key themes across included articles and synthesize findings. The review follows an integrated knowledge translation approach based on a partnership between the health system, community organizations, and researchers. Results Following removal of duplicates, our search identified 475 articles for title and abstract screening. After full text review, 17 articles were included (12 original research papers and five conceptual or review papers). There was near consensus among included papers with 16 of 17 using the Whiteheadian definition of physical literacy. There was limited involvement of health care providers in the concept of physical literacy. Physical literacy was connected to the following health indicators: BMI and body weight, waist circumference, cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. The primary demographic focus of included studies was children and there was a conceptual focus on the physical domain of physical literacy. Conclusions Despite growing popularity, the empirical evidence base linking physical literacy and health outcomes is limited and the relationship remains theoretical. Physical literacy may present a novel and holistic framework for health-enhancing physical activity interventions that consider factors vital to sustained participation in physical activity across the life course. Future work should continue to explore the nature and direction of the relationship between physical activity and physical literacy to identify appropriate focused approaches for health promotion.

Under- or Overtreatment of Mental Distress? Practices, Consequences, and Resistance in the Field of Mental Health Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1503-1516
Author(s):  
Sigita Doblytė
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The Media

The economic, social, and health costs of mental distress are increasingly burdening individuals and societies in Europe. Yet, overmedicalization of mild symptoms is also well documented. This accumulates in more pressures and demands on health care systems. In this article, I explore how the process of help seeking in mental distress might be shaped by health system design and functioning in one of the South European societies—Spain. Employing Bourdieu’s theoretical lens, in-depth interviews with health care providers and users of services are analyzed. I reveal how the logic of the mental health care field, which is reinforced by the market, the state, and the media, may result in medicalization of mild distress while severe mental illness remains undertreated. I also show how mental help-seeking practices could gradually influence the functioning of the treatment system. Nevertheless, points of resistance to medicalization can also be identified.

scholarly journals Mental Health Services in Rural China: A Qualitative Study of Primary Health Care Providers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Ma ◽  
Hui Huang ◽  
Qiang Chen ◽  
Faqin Chen ◽  
Abu S. Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Health Care Providers

This study aimed to understand the challenges that primary health care providers faced in the process of delivering mental healthcare and assess their attitudes towards patients with mental health problems. In-depth interviews were conducted among 42 primary health care providers in two counties of Guangxi province, China. All interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed thematically. Primary health care providers in both counties faced the same difficulties: lack of professional knowledge, fear of patients’ attack, more extra work, and less subsidies. However, most of primary health care providers (30/42) were still willing to do mental healthcare management. All the interviewees considered that communication skills with patients and their family members, proper attitude (without discrimination), and the professional knowledge of mental health are required. There are still several participants (15/42) who showed negative attitude toward mental disorders. Nearly all the respondents (39/42) emphasized the importance of increasing their income or subsidies by the government. This qualitative study provides insights into mental health services in rural communities of Guangxi and identified issues that could be considered in engaging primary health care providers in the management of mental disorders.

scholarly journals Live Scoping Review of N95 and Surgical Facemask Decontamination and Reuse: A Scoping Review Protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie O'Hearn ◽  
Anirudh Agarwal ◽  
Karen Choong ◽  
Shira Gertsman ◽  
Nassr Nama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Surgical Masks ◽  
Open Access Database

During the COVID-19 pandemic, a shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE), namely surgical masks, N95 masks, and gowns, has been experienced by some hospitals and could be expected in others due to a rapidly increased need. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) specifically recommends N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) for healthcare workers who are interacting with patients with COVID-19 under aerosol precautions, and when performing aerosol generating medical procedures. In contrast, surgical masks have much broader use and are recommended for use by health care providers to protect against the risk of droplet transmission in inpatient healthcare settings and outpatient settings (e.g. COVID-19 assessment centres, long-term care facilities, and community care settings). One potential method of addressing the shortage and ensuring adequate protection for health care workers in accordance with the above recommendations would be to decontaminate and reuse N95 FFRs and surgical masks. Our group recently conducted a series of systematic reviews to synthesize the existing literature on N95 and surgical mask decontamination. However, literature in this area is rapidly evolving and these systematic reviews will require updates in order to provide clinicians, hospital administrators, and public health officials with the most up-to-date and comprehensive information available. The purpose of this living scoping review is to identify all original research on N95 and surgical mask decontamination and reuse, and to build an open-access database of the existing literature.

scholarly journals Typhoon eye effect versus ripple effect: the role of family size on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tooba Lateef ◽  
Jiyao Chen ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Teba Abdul Lateef ◽  
Bryan Z. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Populous Country

Abstract Background The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted adversely upon the mental health of millions of people worldwide. Impacts on the mental health conditions and the associated predictors relating to adults in Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, during the COVID-19 remain understudied. Our aim was to investigate distress, anxiety, and overall mental health and their associated predictors among Pakistani adults in this pandemic. We specifically examine mental health issues based on the distance from the epicenter, (a predictor that has revealed opposing evidence in other countries) based on the theories of typhoon eye effect and ripple effect. The sample consisted of 601 adults who were surveyed online about 2.5 months into the outbreak across Pakistan with varying distances from the epicenter of COVID-19 of Karachi. Results The results showed that 9.2 and 19.0% of the participants surpassed the cut-off criteria for distress and anxiety disorders, respectively. Overall, the distance from the epicenter positively predicted the mental health of adults in Pakistan, and family size negatively moderated this effect. The distance from the epicenter negatively predicted distress and anxiety disorders for adults in large families, which are quite common in Pakistan. Conclusion The evidence of the study interestingly finds that the prediction of the mental health of people by their distance from the epicenter depends on family size. The evidence of this study can help to provide initial indicators for mental health care providers to screen vulnerable groups in Pakistan, a populous country that continues struggling to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

A Scoping Review and Content Analysis of Common Depressive Symptoms of Young People

2021 ◽  
pp. 105984052110126
Author(s):  
Jia-Wen Guo ◽  
Brooks R. Keeshin ◽  
Mike Conway ◽  
Wendy W. Chapman ◽  
Katherine A. Sward
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Young People ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Five Dimensions

School nurses are the most accessible health care providers for many young people including adolescents and young adults. Early identification of depression results in improved outcomes, but little information is available comprehensively describing depressive symptoms specific to this population. The aim of this study was to develop a taxonomy of depressive symptoms that were manifested and described by young people based on a scoping review and content analysis. Twenty-five journal articles that included narrative descriptions of depressive symptoms in young people were included. A total of 60 depressive symptoms were identified and categorized into five dimensions: behavioral ( n = 8), cognitive ( n = 14), emotional ( n = 15), interpersonal ( n = 13), and somatic ( n = 10). This comprehensive depression symptom taxonomy can help school nurses to identify young people who may experience depression and will support future research to better screen for depression.

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