scholarly journals Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), A NEW HOPE! A sustainable and promising process for the plasticisers industry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Acciaretti ◽  
Andrea Pasquale
Keyword(s):  
Adipic Acid ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Free System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Plasticized Pvc ◽  
Poly Vinyl Chloride ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Interesting Approach ◽  
Solvent Free System

AbstractPlasticisers are commonly incorporated in plastic materials in order to improve their physico-chemicals properties. In particular, Poly-(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is a polymer which has excellent plasticiser compatibility characteristics. The demand for plasticized-PVC is steadily increasing and its synthesis need to be more sustainable, considering the interest in developing a circular economy in the next years. In order to achieve these goals, a bio-based process to synthesize di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), a widely used plasticiser, could be an interesting approach. The most important starting material for the process is adipic acid, but its synthesis from petrochemical sources is not sustainable. An alternative is using waste materials as substrates for fermentation in a totally green process. Among many strategies, the reverse adipate degradation pathway (RADP) in E. coli seems to be the most interesting one, considering the highest titer of 68 g/L and the yield of 93.1%. The next step is the enzyme-catalysed esterification of adipic acid and 2-ethylhexanol to produce DEHA, using an immobilized lipase from Candida antarctica. Applying a solvent-free system under vacuum condition is convenient as it guarantees a conversion to DEHA of 100 mol%.

Synthesis and component confirmation of biodiesel from palm oil and dimethyl carbonate catalyzed by immobilized-lipase in solvent-free system

Fuel ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 3960-3965 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Shuzhen Sun ◽  
Zhong Xin ◽  
Boyang Sheng ◽  
Qun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Free System ◽  
Solvent Free System

scholarly journals Developing a High-Temperature Solvent-Free System for Efficient Biocatalysis of Octyl Ferulate

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Ming Huang ◽  
Ping-Yu Wu ◽  
Jiann-Hwa Chen ◽  
Chia-Hung Kuo ◽  
Chwen-Jen Shieh
Keyword(s):  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Polynomial Equation ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Free System ◽  
Solvent Free System ◽  
Fitting Ability ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Molar Conversion

Ferulic acid esters have been suggested as a group of natural chemicals that have the function of sunscreen. The study aimed to utilize an environmentally-friendly enzymatic method through the esterification of ferulic acid with octanol, producing octyl ferulate. The Box-Behnken experimental design for response surface methodology (RSM) was performed to determine the synthesis effects of variables, including enzyme amount (1000–2000 propyl laurate units (PLU)), reaction temperature (70–90 °C), and stir speed (50–150 rpm) on the molar conversion of octyl ferulate. According to the joint test, both the enzyme amount and reaction temperature had great impacts on the molar conversion. An RSM-developed second-order polynomial equation further showed a data-fitting ability. Using ridge max analysis, the optimal parameters of the biocatalyzed reaction were: 72 h reaction time, 92.2 °C reaction temperature, 1831 PLU enzyme amount, and 92.4 rpm stir speed, respectively. Finally, the molar conversion of octyl ferulate under optimum conditions was verified to be 93.2 ± 1.5%. In conclusion, it has been suggested that a high yield of octyl ferulate should be synthesized under elevated temperature conditions with a commercial immobilized lipase. Our findings could broaden the utilization of the lipase and provide a biocatalytic approach, instead of the chemical method, for ferulic acid ester synthesis.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Biodiesel Using Nonedible Castor Oil by Immobilized Lipase fromBacillus aerius

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Narwal ◽  
Nitin Kumar Saun ◽  
Priyanka Dogra ◽  
Ghanshyam Chauhan ◽  
Reena Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Chemical Reactor ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Free System ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Solvent Free System ◽  
Substrate Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimized Conditions

A novel thermotolerant lipase fromBacillus aeriuswas immobilized on inexpensive silica gel matrix. The immobilized lipase was used for the synthesis of biodiesel using castor oil as a substrate in a solvent free system at 55°C under shaking in a chemical reactor. Several crucial parameters affecting biodiesel yield such as incubation time, temperature, substrate molar ratio, and amount of lipase were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the highest biodiesel yield was up to 78.13%. The characterization of synthesized biodiesel was done through FTIR spectroscopy,1H NMR spectra, and gas chromatography.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Esterification as Potential Strategy to Enhance the Sorbic Acid Behavior as Food and Beverage Preservative

Fermentation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Federico Zappaterra ◽  
Daniela Summa ◽  
Bruno Semeraro ◽  
Raissa Buzzi ◽  
Claudio Trapella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorbic Acid ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Esterification Reaction ◽  
Enzymatic Esterification ◽  
Free System ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Solvent Free System ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Acid Derivate

Sorbic acid is the most commonly used preservative in the food industry. The antimicrobial inhibition of sorbic acid could be influenced by its lipophilic nature, which reduces its use in hydrophilic food formulations. Reactions between sorbic acid and glycerol catalyzed by lipases were studied in order to develop a novel sorbic acid derivate with a promising hydrophilic profile. The esterification reaction between sorbic acid and glycerol in a solvent-free system were performed with an immobilized lipase B from Candida antarctica (CALB). The glycerol sorbate product has been tested against S. griseus bacterium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Results indicate that the esterification of sorbic acid with glycerol does improve its antimicrobial properties against Saccharomyces cerevisie. The reported results demonstrate that esterification can be used as a strategy to improve the antimicrobial activity of sorbic acid.

Comparative study of stirred and fluidized tank reactor for hydroxyl-kojic acid derivatives synthesis and their biological activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Firdaus B. Lajis ◽  
Muhajir Hamid ◽  
Syahida Ahmad ◽  
Arbakariya B. Ariff
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Kojic Acid ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Free System ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Solvent Free System

AbstractBackground:Study on the synthesis of kojic acid derivatives (KADs) in solvent-free system using scalable reactors and their biological activities is still lacking.Methods:In this study, two types of KADs, were synthesized using saturated-fatty acid [lauric acid (LA)] and unsaturated-fatty acid [oleic acid (OA)] in stirred tank reactor (STR) and fluidized tank reactor (FTR). The yield and biological activities of the synthesized KADs were evaluated and compared.Results:The highest yield of KADs (42.95%) was obtained in the synthesis using OA, with molar ratio of 1:1, enzyme loading of 5% (w/v), temperature of 70°C, using immobilized lipase N435 in STR. However, FTR may provide biocatalyst protection and reusability with reduced loss of KADs yield up to three cycles. In antioxidant assay, the hydroxyl-unsaturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HUFA-KA) showed better activity as compared to hydroxyl-saturated-fatty acid of kojic acid (HSFA-KA) at concentrations ranging from 125 to 2000 μg/mL. In contrast, HSFA-KA showed better cytotoxicity effect against G361 melanoma cell as compared to HUFA-KA.Conclusion:The yield of KADs obtained in STR was higher than that obtained in FTR. HUFA-KA could be used as potential lipophilic antioxidant while HSFA-KA has the potential to be used to treat melanoma skin disorder.

A mixed-function-grafted magnetic mesoporous hollow silica microsphere immobilized lipase strategy for ultrafast transesterification in a solvent-free system

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (54) ◽  
pp. 43074-43080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingming Zheng ◽  
Lijing Mao ◽  
Fenghong Huang ◽  
Xia Xiang ◽  
Qianchun Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Immobilized Lipase ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Silica Microspheres ◽  
Silica Microsphere ◽  
Free System ◽  
Hollow Silica ◽  
System P ◽  
Solvent Free System

A novel magnetic mesoporous hollow silica microspheres immobilized lipase is described for ultrafast transesterification of phytosterol with fatty acids and triglycerides in a solvent-free system.

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