scholarly journals The promiscuous and highly mobile resistome of a superbug

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Hernández-González ◽  
Valeria Mateo-Estrada ◽  
Santiago Castillo-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Gene Content ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Nosocomial Pathogen ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global Population

AbstractAntimicrobial resistance (AR) is a major global threat to public health. Understanding the population dynamics of AR is critical to restrain and control this issue. However, no study has provided a global picture of the resistome of Acinetobacter baumannii, a very important nosocomial pathogen. Here we analyze 1450+ genomes (covering > 40 countries and > 4 decades) to infer the global population dynamics of the resistome of this species. We show that gene flow and horizontal transfer have driven the dissemination of AR genes in A. baumannii. We found considerable variation in AR gene content across lineages. Although the individual AR gene histories have been affected by recombination, the AR gene content has been shaped by the phylogeny. Furthermore, many AR genes have been transferred to other well-known pathogens, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Klebsiella pneumoniae. Finally, despite using this massive data set, we were not able to sample the whole diversity of AR genes, which suggests that this species has an open resistome. Ours results highlight the high mobilization risk of AR genes between important pathogens. On a broader perspective, this study gives a framework for an emerging perspective (resistome-centric) on the genome epidemiology (and surveillance) of bacterial pathogens.

scholarly journals Similarity of TIMSS Math and Science Achievement of Nations

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Algirdas Zabulionis
Keyword(s):  
Science Achievement ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
International Association ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Science Study ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
Math And Science ◽  
Mathematics And Science

In 1991-97, the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) undertook a Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) in which data about the mathematics and science achievement of the thirteen year-old students in more than 40 countries were collected. These data provided the opportunity to search for patterns of students' answers to the test items: which group of items was relatively more difficult (or more easy) for the students from a particular country (or group of countries). Using this massive data set an attempt was made to measure the similarities among country profiles of how students responded to the test items.

Research on MapReduce-Based Rocchio Relevance Feedback in Massive Information Filtering

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 2712-2715
Author(s):  
Wen Chuan Yang ◽  
Zhi Dong Shang ◽  
Zhi Cheng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Relevance Feedback ◽  
Information Filtering ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
Hadoop Cluster ◽  
Feedback Algorithm ◽  
Massive Information ◽  
Mapreduce Paradigm

Traditional text classification algorithms have vital impact on information filtering. However, their performances were confined to a large extent in terms of the massive data set. This paper proposes an approach using MapReduce-based Rocchio relevance feedback algorithm, which improved the traditional Rocchio algorithm in the MapReduce paradigm, to resolve the problem of massive information filtering. The experiments on Hadoop cluster showed an effective improvement in performance by using the new method.

Detection for Approximately Duplicate Records Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation

2013 ◽  
Vol 397-400 ◽  
pp. 2464-2468
Author(s):  
Li Juan Zhou ◽  
Zhe Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Method ◽  
Attribute Weight ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
Composition Factors

To solve the problem of attribute weight determination in the approximately duplicate records, we put forward a method based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to get attribute weight in data set. We first perform an analysis of the composition factors of attribute. Then we carry out an evaluation of their rank. Finally, we make a determination of the attribute weight using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, on the basis of which the approximately duplicate records are detected. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the method can objectively determine all attributes weight, and effectively detect the approximately duplicate records in massive data set.

Understanding the Utilization Characteristics of Bicycle-Sharing Systems in Underdeveloped Cities: A Case Study in Xuchang City, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 2634 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Tiezhu Li ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Wanyu Yang
Keyword(s):  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
Smart Card Data ◽  
Intercept Survey ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction ◽  
Bicycle Sharing System ◽  
Survey Questionnaires

In recent years, a growing number of cities in China have successively rolled out bicycle-sharing systems to facilitate bicycle use, including not only metropolises but also some underdeveloped cities with populations of less than 1 million. One of those underdeveloped cities, Xuchang, launched its bicycle-sharing system in 2014. This service provides a convenient way for members to cycle for some of their short trips. Interest in the bicycle-sharing systems of metropolises is growing rapidly; however, studies on underdeveloped cities are still limited. This study investigated the factors influencing the adoption of a bicycle-sharing system in Xuchang, by analyzing massive smart card data from July 2014 to mid-April 2015 and 500 intercept survey questionnaires in April 2015. Different questions were ready for members and nonmembers in the questionnaires and the statistical results show the characteristics of users of the Xuchang bicycle-sharing system, including demographic characteristics, travel habits, and degree of satisfaction. Moreover, the space–time distribution characteristics of the Xuchang bicycle-sharing system were analyzed by dividing a massive data set into three groups: weekdays, weekends, and holidays. Results showed that compared with the clearly defined role of “resolve the last-kilometer problem” in a metropolis, bicycle-sharing in underdeveloped cities acts as an alternative way of transportation rather than a transfer traffic mode. Results also showed that bicycle-sharing systems gained more popularity in underdeveloped cities than in metropolises because of the smaller extent of egression, resident travel habits, the traffic environment, and so on.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic differences and persistent segregation of Italian territories during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bonaccorsi ◽  
Francesco Pierri ◽  
Francesco Scotti ◽  
Andrea Flori ◽  
Francesco Manaresi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Mobility ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Massive Data ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Economic Segregation ◽  
Massive Data Set ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Quantile Regression Analysis ◽  
Administrative Units

AbstractLockdowns implemented to address the COVID-19 pandemic have disrupted human mobility flows around the globe to an unprecedented extent and with economic consequences which are unevenly distributed across territories, firms and individuals. Here we study socioeconomic determinants of mobility disruption during both the lockdown and the recovery phases in Italy. For this purpose, we analyze a massive data set on Italian mobility from February to October 2020 and we combine it with detailed data on pre-existing local socioeconomic features of Italian administrative units. Using a set of unsupervised and supervised learning techniques, we reliably show that the least and the most affected areas persistently belong to two different clusters. Notably, the former cluster features significantly higher income per capita and lower income inequality than the latter. This distinction persists once the lockdown is lifted. The least affected areas display a swift (V-shaped) recovery in mobility patterns, while poorer, most affected areas experience a much slower (U-shaped) recovery: as of October 2020, their mobility was still significantly lower than pre-lockdown levels. These results are then detailed and confirmed with a quantile regression analysis. Our findings show that economic segregation has, thus, strengthened during the pandemic.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVE SUMMARY FOR MASSIVE DATA SET

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 1046-1056
Author(s):  
Radhika A. ◽  
◽  
Michael Arock ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Massive Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Massive Data Set

Algorithms for automated montage synthesis of images from laser-scanning confocal microscopes

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
D. E. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Cell Counting ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Computational Synthesis ◽  
Automated Cell Counting ◽  
Partial View ◽  
The Individual

An efficient, robust, and widely-applicable technique is presented for computational synthesis of high-resolution, wide-area images of a specimen from a series of overlapping partial views. This technique can also be used to combine the results of various forms of image analysis, such as segmentation, automated cell counting, deblurring, and neuron tracing, to generate representations that are equivalent to processing the large wide-area image, rather than the individual partial views. This can be a first step towards quantitation of the higher-level tissue architecture. The computational approach overcomes mechanical limitations, such as hysterisis and backlash, of microscope stages. It also automates a procedure that is currently done manually. One application is the high-resolution visualization and/or quantitation of large batches of specimens that are much wider than the field of view of the microscope.The automated montage synthesis begins by computing a concise set of landmark points for each partial view. The type of landmarks used can vary greatly depending on the images of interest. In many cases, image analysis performed on each data set can provide useful landmarks. Even when no such “natural” landmarks are available, image processing can often provide useful landmarks.

The social wasp Vespula germanica (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) population dynamics in England over 39 years.

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Michael Archer
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Dynamic ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Social Wasp ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Vespula Germanica ◽  
The Social ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Suction Traps

1. Yearly records of worker Vespula germanica (Fabricius) taken in suction traps at Silwood Park (28 years) and at Rothamsted Research (39 years) are examined. 2. Using the autocorrelation function (ACF), a significant negative 1-year lag followed by a lesser non-significant positive 2-year lag was found in all, or parts of, each data set, indicating an underlying population dynamic of a 2-year cycle with a damped waveform. 3. The minimum number of years before the 2-year cycle with damped waveform was shown varied between 17 and 26, or was not found in some data sets. 4. Ecological factors delaying or preventing the occurrence of the 2-year cycle are considered.

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