scholarly journals Profiling of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Renping Zhao ◽  
Bashar Reda ◽  
Wenjuan Yang ◽  
Matthias Hannig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Soluble Factors ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Donor Variation ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Multiplex Cytokine

AbstractIn saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) soluble factors such as cytokines, chemokines and growth factors have shown a great potential serving as biomarkers for early detection and/or diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. However, GCF and saliva, which one is a better source is still under debate. This study aimed to gain an overview of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in saliva and GCF to pave the way for selecting suitable oral fluids for oral and systemic diseases. Multiplex cytokine assay was conducted to determine concentrations of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in saliva and GCF samples from healthy subjects. The protocol for sample collection was carefully optimized. Stabilization, repeatability, and donor variation of the profiles were analyzed. We found that for different donors, cytokine and chemokine profiles showed unique patterns in saliva but similar patterns in GCF. In terms of growth factors, the profiles were individualized in saliva and GCF. All profiles stayed stable for the same healthy individual. In saliva, profiles of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors are individualized for different donors. In GCF, profiles of cytokines and chemokines are similar. Other factors, such as growth factors and T helper-related cytokines, are highly variable in donors. Profiles of soluble factors are not correlated in saliva and GCF. The comprehensive cytokine profiles in saliva and GCF reported in this work would serve as a good base for choosing promising cytokines for developing biomarkers in oral fluids.

scholarly journals Possible interaction between visfatin, periodontal infection, and other systemic diseases: A brief review of literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (03) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mojtaba Bayani ◽  
Mohammad Pourali ◽  
Mohammad Keivan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Systemic Diseases ◽  
Hand Search ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Etiologic Agents ◽  
Visfatin Level ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

ABSTRACTGingivitis and periodontitis are common bacterial infections caused by a variety of microorganisms. Despite the microorganisms' roles as etiologic agents, inflammation-induced substances also have crucial parts in the loss of connective tissue and the supporting alveolar bone. Visfatin is a pleiotropic mediator, which acts as growth factor, cytokine, and pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor. A positive correlation was detected between the serum/plasma levels of visfatin and inflammatory disorders such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In addition, the visfatin level was higher in saliva and the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of subjects with periodontal disease. This review defined current, predictable patterns of possible interaction of visfatin with periodontal infection and other systemic diseases, using PubMed and Medline databases searching for articles written in English. Peer-reviewed articles were targeted using the following keywords: “visfatin,” “periodontal disease,” “inflammatory mediator,” and “biomarker.” Available full-text articles were read, and related articles were also scrutinized, while a hand search was also performed. Search was confined to human studies, and articles written in English and published between 1985 and 2016 were selected. It was concluded that periodontal infection and other systemic diseases could be related to the levels of visfatin in GCF, saliva, and serum as a biomarker of these diseases.

Enhanced Chemiluminescent Assay for Measuring the Total Antioxidant Capacity of Serum, Saliva and Crevicular Fluid

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 412-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
I L C Chapple ◽  
G I Mason ◽  
I Garner ◽  
J B Matthews ◽  
G H Thorpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Water Soluble Vitamin ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Reproducible Method ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

This paper reports the development of an enhanced chemiluminescent (ECL) assay for measuring the total antioxidant (AO) capacity of serum, saliva and a fluid collectable from the gum margin called gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The theory behind the assay is explained, and the optimum conditions for the assay, and for storage of reagents and clinical samples is described. Calibration lines were linear ( R≥0·99; P<0·0001) and the within batch coefficient of variations for a water soluble vitamin E analogue (Trolox), serum and saliva samples were <5%. In saliva and GCF, a characteristic AO response not seen in serum of the same patients, was identified. Total peripheral (serum) and local (saliva) AO capacities (μmol/L Trolox) were investigated in patients with ( n = 18) and without ( n = 16) adult periodontitis. Serum AO status did not differ between groups. Salivary total AO concentrations were lower in the periodontitis (P) group [175 (53)μmol/L] than in the nonperiodontitis (NP) group [254 (110)μmol/L1: P<0·01], as were saliva:serum AO ratio's [0·37 (0·11) versus 0·5 (0·18): P<0·01]. Periodontitis patients may have a reduced salivary AO concentration, which could result from, or predispose to, the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The potential for ROS production in the oral and periodontal environment may explain the presence of a specific antioxidant in oral fluids that is not detectable in serum. The ECL assay described provides a rapid, simple and reproducible method of measuring total antioxidant defence in small volumes of biological fluids.

scholarly journals Profiling of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors in saliva and gingival crevicular fluid

Cytokine ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 155504
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Renping Zhao ◽  
Bashar Reda ◽  
Wenjuan Yang ◽  
Matthias Hannig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

scholarly journals The effect of two different types of forces on possible root resorption in relation to dentin phosphoprotein levels: a single-blind, split-mouth, randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherifa Ghaleb ◽  
Nazla Tamish ◽  
Walid ElKenany ◽  
Myriam Guindi
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Orthodontic Force ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dentin Phosphoprotein ◽  
Early Biomarker ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Single Blind

Abstract Background The purpose of this 2-arm-parallel split-mouth trial was to evaluate and compare the extent of possible root resorption using dentin phosphoprotein levels in gingival crevicular fluid between controlled continuous and intermittent orthodontic force groups. Materials and methods A sample of 16 maxillary first premolars from 8 patients requiring bilateral extractions of the upper first premolars as part of their orthodontic treatment were recruited. A buccally directed continuous force of 150 g, reactivated after 28 days, was applied to the upper first premolar on one side for 8 weeks. On the contralateral first premolar, a buccally directed intermittent force (21 days on, 7 days off) of the same magnitude was applied for the same period. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected at the beginning of the study, 1st, 3rd, 4th and 5th week, and at the end of the study to quantify and compare dentin phosphoprotein levels in both groups. Results Dentin phosphoprotein levels showed a higher concentration in the continuous force group than the intermittent force group in week 4 and 8 of sample collection; where the differences were statistically significant (95% CI 0.007–0.14; P < .04) and (95% CI 0.02–0.17; P < .04) respectively. No harm was observed. Conclusions Dentin phosphoprotein was found to be a useful early biomarker to detect and monitor root resorption, showing that the application of an intermittent orthodontic force caused less root resorption than a continuous force. Trial registration NCT04825665 ClinicalTrials.gov. Registered 1 April 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04825665.

scholarly journals Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 as an Inflammatory and Prevention Biomarker in Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al-Majid ◽  
Saeed Alassiri ◽  
Nilminie Rathnayake ◽  
Taina Tervahartiala ◽  
Dirk-Rolf Gieselmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Strong Potential ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Levels of and especially the degree of activation of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-8) in oral fluids (i.e., saliva, mouth rinse, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implantitis sulcular fluid (PISF)) increase to pathologically elevated levels in the periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This study aimed at collecting and collating data from previously published studies and determining whether active MMP-8 (aMMP-8) could serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prevention of periodontal and peri-implant diseases. The literature search identified a total of 284 articles. Out of 284 articles, 61 articles were found to be relevant. Data obtained from the selected studies were combined, and it indicated that aMMP-8 in oral fluids exerts the strong potential to serve as a useful adjunctive diagnostic and preventive biotechnological tool in periodontal and peri-implant diseases. aMMP-8 can be used alone or in combination with other proinflammatory and/or microbiological biomarkers.

scholarly journals The Ability of Quantitative, Specific, and Sensitive Point-of-Care/Chair-Side Oral Fluid Immunotests for aMMP-8 to Detect Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Alassiri ◽  
Pirjo Parnanen ◽  
Nilminie Rathnayake ◽  
Gunnar Johannsen ◽  
Anna-Maria Heikkinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Disease Specific

The analysis of the disease-specific oral and systemic biomarkers in saliva and oral fluids (i.e., mouth rinse, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), and peri-implantitis fluid (PISF)) is demanding. Several hosts and microbial factors may influence their expression, release, and levels. The type of saliva/oral fluids utilized for the diagnostics affects the analysis. High sensitivity and specificities together with sophisticated methods and techniques are essential for valuable outcome. We describe here recently developed practical, convenient, inexpensive, noninvasive, and quantitative mouth rinse and PISF/GCF/chair-side/point-of-care (PoC) lateral-flow aMMP-8 immunoassays (PerioSafe and ImplantSafe/ORALyser) to detect, predict, and monitor successfully the course, treatment, and prevention of periodontitis and peri-implantitis, respectively. The tests have been independently and successfully validated to differentiate periodontal and peri-implant health and disease in Finland, Germany, Netherland, Sweden, Turkey, Nigeria, Malawi, and USA. The clinical use of salivary/oral fluid biomarkers to identify oral and systemic conditions requires additional studies utilizing these noninvasive screening, diagnostic, and preventive aMMP-8 PoC/chair-side technologies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document