scholarly journals Longitudinal experiences and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among people with past or current eating disorders in Sweden

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Birgegård ◽  
Afrouz Abbaspour ◽  
Stina Borg ◽  
David Clinton ◽  
Emma Forsén Mantilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
List Type ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptom ◽  
Disorder Symptom ◽  
Evidence Based Care ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo document the impact of the COVI-19 pandemic on the health and well-being of individuals with past and current eating disorders in Sweden.MethodWe re-contacted participants from two previous Swedish studies who had a known lifetime history of an eating disorder. Participants completed an online questionnaire about their health and functioning at baseline early in the pandemic (Wave 1; N=982) and six months later (Wave 2); N=646).ResultsThree important patterns emerged: 1) higher current eating disorder symptom levels were associated with greater anxiety, worry, and pandemic-related eating disorder symptom increase; 2) patterns were fairly stable across time, although a concerning number who reported being symptom-free at Wave 1 reported re-emergence of symptoms at Wave 2; and only a minority of participants with current eating disorders were in treatment, and of those who were in treatment, many reported fewer treatment sessions than pre-pandemic and decreased quality of care.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic is posing serious health challenges for individuals with eating disorders, whether currently symptomatic or in remission. We encourage health service providers and patient advocates to be alert to the needs of individuals with eating disorders and to take active measures to ensure access to appropriate evidence-based care both during and following the pandemic.Significant Outcomes and LimitationsIndividuals with eating disorders symptoms or current active disorder report higher adverse impact of COVID-19 on their mental healthEven individuals who were symptom-free early in the pandemic reported a resurgence of eating disorder symptomsA large proportion of symptomatic individuals were not in treatment for their eating disorder, services should be aware and access to evidence-based care should be ensured across SwedenLimitations included the use of a convenience sample with atypical diagnostic distribution, and a low initial response rate, possibly introducing bias and limiting generalisability.Data Availability StatementFully anonymized data are available from the corresponding author upon request.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Eating Disorder Risks and Symptoms in the General Population: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 229-241
Author(s):  
Alexsandra Urhi ◽  
Oluwafemi Akinbode ◽  
Hafiz Olatunde ◽  
Iyanu V. Olateju ◽  
Feyikemi Fasina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exacerbation Of Symptoms

Aims: This study aims to identify the risk factors of eating disorders, evaluate the impact of the pandemic on those with or without pre-existing eating disorders and compare the impact of COVID-19 on the various eating disorders. Methodology: We searched Public/Publisher MEDLINE (PubMed) and Excerpta Medica dataBASE (EMBASE) databases from January 2019 to May 2021, 11 observational studies were selected out of 81 initially identified articles. The sample size ranged from 15 to 22,374 participants, with a total of 31,404 participants. Results: Individuals, especially females aged 18-25 years and 30-45 years were shown to be more susceptible to eating disorder risks and symptoms.  Depression and anxiety were shown to be the most prevalent risk factors among all subjects. Exacerbation of symptoms was observed in subjects with the eating disorders except for the anorexia nervosa subgroup which showed minimal changes. Conclusion: This study established the fact that COVID-19 pandemic had a negative impact on the eating habits of people with or without pre-existing eating disorders (ED). This study also highlights the need for efforts to specifically identify evidence-based measures to support patients with ED during and after a pandemic.

scholarly journals Gender differences in symptom presentation and treatment outcome in children and youths with eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Coelho ◽  
Janet Suen ◽  
Sheila Marshall ◽  
Alex Burns ◽  
Josie Geller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptom ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Disorder Symptom

Abstract Background To address the gaps in the literature examining eating disorders among males and gender minority youths, a prospective study was designed to assess gender differences in eating disorder symptom presentation and outcomes. Muscularity concerns may be particularly relevant for male youths with eating disorders, and were included in assessment of eating disorder symptom presentation. Methods All cisgender male youths who presented for specialized eating disorder treatment at one of two sites were invited to participate, along with a group of matched cisgender females, and all youths who did not identify with the sex assigned to them at birth. Youths completed measures of eating disorder symptoms, including muscularity concerns, and other psychiatric symptoms at baseline and end of treatment. Results A total of 27 males, 28 females and 6 trans youths took part in the study. At baseline, Kruskal–Wallis tests demonstrated that trans youths reported higher scores than cisgender male and female youths on measures of eating pathology (Eating disorder examination-questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the body fat subscale of the male body attitudes scale (MBAS)). These analyses demonstrated that there were no differences between cisgender male and female youths on eating disorder symptoms at baseline. However, repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated that males had greater decreases in eating pathology at discharge than did females, based on self-reported scores on the EDE-Q, MBAS, and Body Change Inventory. Conclusions Gender differences in eating pathology appeared at baseline, with trans youths reporting higher levels of eating pathology than cisgender youths, though no differences between cisgender males and females emerged at baseline for eating disorder symptom presentation. Contrary to expectations, there were no gender differences in measures of muscularity concerns. Males demonstrated greater eating disorder symptom improvements than females, suggesting that male adolescents may have better treatment outcomes than females in some domains.

scholarly journals Problems across care pathways in specialist adult eating disorder services

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Waller ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Janet Treasure ◽  
Katie Murray ◽  
Joana Aleyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Pathways ◽  
Patient Journey ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Complete Treatment ◽  
Evidence Based Care

Aims and MethodDespite considerable knowledge of outcomes for patients who complete treatment for eating disorders, less is known about earlier stages in the treatment journey. This study aimed to map the efficiency of the anticipated patient journey along care pathways. Referrals to specialist eating disorder services (n=1887) were tracked through the process of referral, assessment, treatment and discharge.ResultsThe patient mortality rate was low. However, there were serious problems of attrition throughout the care pathways. of the original referrals where a meaningful conclusion could be reached, in approximately 35% the person was never seen, only half entered treatment and only a quarter reached the end of treatment.Clinical ImplicationsThis study demonstrates considerable inefficiency of resource utilisation. Suggestions are made for reducing this inefficiency, to allow more patients the opportunity of evidence-based care.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Symptom Presentation and Treatment Outcome in Children and Youths With Eating Disorders

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Coelho ◽  
Janet Suen ◽  
Sheila Marshall ◽  
Alex Burns ◽  
Josie Geller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symptom Presentation ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptom ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Disorder Symptom

Abstract Background. To address the gaps in the literature examining eating disorders among males and gender minority youths, a prospective study was designed to assess gender differences in eating disorder symptom presentation and outcomes. Muscularity concerns may be particularly relevant for male youths with eating disorders, and were included in assessment of eating disorder symptom presentation. Methods. All male youths who presented for specialized eating disorder treatment at one of two sites were invited to participate, along with a group of matched females, and all youths who did not identify with the sex assigned to them at birth. Youths completed measures of eating disorder symptoms, including muscularity concerns, and other psychiatric symptoms at baseline and end of treatment.Results. A total of 27 males, 28 females and 6 trans youths took part in the study. At baseline, Kruskal-Wallis tests demonstrated that trans youths reported higher scores than cisgender male and female youths on measures of eating pathology (Eating Disorder Examination – Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and the body fat subscale of the Male Body Attitudes Scale (MBAS)). These analyses demonstrated that there were no differences between cisgender male and female youths on eating disorder symptoms at baseline. However, repeated measures ANOVA demonstrated that males had greater decreases than did females in eating pathology at discharge than did females, based on self-reported scores on the EDE-Q, MBAS, and Body Change Inventory. Conclusions. Gender differences in eating pathology appeared at baseline, with trans youths reporting higher levels of eating pathology than cisgender youths, though no differences between cisgender males and females emerged at baseline for eating disorder symptom presentation. Contrary to expectations, there were no gender differences in measures of muscularity concerns. Males demonstrated greater eating disorder symptom improvements than females, suggesting that male adolescents may have better treatment outcomes than females in some domains.

Adapting a Technology-Based Eating Disorder Model for Athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael E. Flatt ◽  
Craig Barr Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Help ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Integrate Technology ◽  
Receive Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Programs ◽  
Evidence Based Care

Eating disorders (EDs) are common amongst athletes, yet few receive treatment. Given that athletes have a unique set of risk factors for eating disorders and are faced with additional barriers to treatment, new models outside of face-to-face treatment are necessary to reach the population and provide more affordable, tailored, evidence-based care. One solution is to use digital mental health programs to provide primary or supplemental therapy. Digital programs can provide accessibility and privacy, and recent advancements allow for more personalized online experiences. However, there have been no studies to date that integrate technology-based tools to address the especially high prevalence rates of EDs in athletes. This paper describes how an integrated model that includes online screening linked to guided self-help programs, all adapted specifically for athletes, can be used to provide prevention and intervention of EDs in athletes.

Relationships Among Childhood Maltreatment, Limbic System Dysfunction, and Eating Disorders in College Women

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052091259
Author(s):  
Andrea E. Mercurio ◽  
Fang Hong ◽  
Carolyn Amir ◽  
Amanda R. Tarullo ◽  
Anna Samkavitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
College Women ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Eating Pathology ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms

The mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment and eating pathology are not fully understood. We examined the mediating role of limbic system dysfunction in the relationships between three forms of childhood maltreatment (parental psychological maltreatment, parental physical maltreatment, and parental emotional neglect) and eating disorder symptoms. A convenience sample of college women ( N = 246, M age = 19.62, SD = 2.41) completed measures of maltreatment (Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales and the Parental Bonding Instrument), limbic system dysfunction (Limbic System Questionnaire), and eating pathology (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire). We hypothesized that there would be an indirect effect of each type of childhood maltreatment on eating disorder symptoms via limbic system irritability. Results generally supported the hypotheses. Examination of the individual paths that defined the indirect effect indicated that higher reported childhood maltreatment was associated with greater limbic irritability symptoms, and higher limbic irritability symptomatology was related to higher total eating disorder scores. There were no significant direct effects for any of the proposed models. Findings are in line with research supporting the role of limbic system dysfunction as a possible pathway in the maltreatment-eating disorder link. Given that limbic system dysfunction may underlie behavioral symptoms of eating disorders, efforts targeting limbic system dysfunction associated with child maltreatment might best be undertaken at an early developmental stage, although interventions for college women struggling with eating disorders are also crucial.

Eating Disorder Symptom Severity Scale: A New Clinician Rated Measure

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine A. Henderson ◽  
Annick Buchholz ◽  
Julie Perkins ◽  
Sarah Norwood ◽  
Nicole Obeid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Severity Scale ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptom ◽  
Symptom Severity Scale ◽  
Disorder Symptom
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