scholarly journals Sugar Signaling Induces Dynamic Changes during Meristem Development in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Musialak-Lange ◽  
Katharina Fiddeke ◽  
Annika Franke ◽  
Friedrich Kragler ◽  
Christin Abel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Feedback ◽  
Sugar Signaling ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Meristem Maintenance

Aerial parts of plants originate from pluripotent cells in the shoot apical meristem (SAM). This population of stem cells is maintained via a negative feedback loop involving stable expression of WUSCHEL (WUS) and CLAVATA3. SAM size is dynamic and undergoes a more than 2-fold expansion upon the transition to reproductive growth. The underlying mechanism controlling this process is largely unknown, but coinciding increased levels of trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P) suggest a participation of sugar signaling. Here we show that TREHALOSE PHOSPHATE PHOSPHATASE J, a component of the T6P pathway, is directly regulated by WUS, and controls SAM expansion at floral transition through WUS. Our findings demonstrate a dynamic feedback-regulation between central meristem maintenance and flowering time regulators with sugar signaling.

scholarly journals HD-ZIP III Activity Is Modulated by Competitive Inhibitors via a Feedback Loop in Arabidopsis Shoot Apical Meristem Development

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 920-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youn-Sung Kim ◽  
Sang-Gyu Kim ◽  
Minsun Lee ◽  
Ilha Lee ◽  
Hye-Young Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Competitive Inhibitors

scholarly journals Arabidopsis Argonaute10 Specifically Sequesters miR166/165 to Regulate Shoot Apical Meristem Development

Cell ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 145 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Zhu ◽  
Fuqu Hu ◽  
Ronghui Wang ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Sing-Hoi Sze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Meristem Development

scholarly journals Controlling water evaporation through self-assembly

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (37) ◽  
pp. 10275-10280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Roger ◽  
Marianne Liebi ◽  
Jimmy Heimdal ◽  
Quoc Dat Pham ◽  
Emma Sparr
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Air Humidity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Living Organisms

Water evaporation concerns all land-living organisms, as ambient air is dryer than their corresponding equilibrium humidity. Contrarily to plants, mammals are covered with a skin that not only hinders evaporation but also maintains its rate at a nearly constant value, independently of air humidity. Here, we show that simple amphiphiles/water systems reproduce this behavior, which suggests a common underlying mechanism originating from responding self-assembly structures. The composition and structure gradients arising from the evaporation process were characterized using optical microscopy, infrared microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering. We observed a thin and dry outer phase that responds to changes in air humidity by increasing its thickness as the air becomes dryer, which decreases its permeability to water, thus counterbalancing the increase in the evaporation driving force. This thin and dry outer phase therefore shields the systems from humidity variations. Such a feedback loop achieves a homeostatic regulation of water evaporation.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Sequestration of miR165/166 by Arabidopsis Argonaute10 Promotes Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance

Cell Reports ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1819-1827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuyi Zhou ◽  
Minami Honda ◽  
Hongliang Zhu ◽  
Zhonghui Zhang ◽  
Xinwei Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Meristem Maintenance

scholarly journals Molecular mechanism of cytokinin-activated cell division in Arabidopsis

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6536) ◽  
pp. 1350-1355
Author(s):  
Weibing Yang ◽  
Sandra Cortijo ◽  
Niklas Korsbo ◽  
Pawel Roszak ◽  
Katharina Schiessl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Histidine Kinase ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Cytokinin Signaling ◽  
Positive Feedback Loop ◽  
Nuclear Shuttling ◽  
Stimulate Cell Proliferation

Mitogens trigger cell division in animals. In plants, cytokinins, a group of phytohormones derived from adenine, stimulate cell proliferation. Cytokinin signaling is initiated by membrane-associated histidine kinase receptors and transduced through a phosphorelay system. We show that in the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem (SAM), cytokinin regulates cell division by promoting nuclear shuttling of Myb-domain protein 3R4 (MYB3R4), a transcription factor that activates mitotic gene expression. Newly synthesized MYB3R4 protein resides predominantly in the cytoplasm. At the G2-to-M transition, rapid nuclear accumulation of MYB3R4—consistent with an associated transient peak in cytokinin concentration—feeds a positive feedback loop involving importins and initiates a transcriptional cascade that drives mitosis and cytokinesis. An engineered nuclear-restricted MYB3R4 mimics the cytokinin effects of enhanced cell proliferation and meristem growth.

scholarly journals Agronomic Performance and Flowering Behavior in Response to Photoperiod and Vernalization in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Tolerance Behavior

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Abu-Elenein ◽  
Rabea Al-Sayaydeh ◽  
Zahera Akkeh ◽  
Zakaria Al-Ajlouni ◽  
AbdRaheem A. Al-Bawalize ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Rainfed Conditions ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Abstract Background In barley, flowering behavior is a highly regulated and complex process where the appropriate matching of reproductive development with seasonal variation in water availability confer barley adaptation to different environments. In this study, the role of variation in flowering time and drought tolerance in four selected barley genotypes was studied under field and controlled conditions. For this purpose, field trials were conducted for two consecutive seasons at three diverse environments where the studied genotypes were subjected to either rainfed conditions or rainfed plus supplementary irrigation under two different sowing dates. Furthermore, reproductive meristem development in two selected barley genotypes, Rum (drought tolerant) and Steptoe (drought-sensitive) was also assessed in response to both vernalization and water stress under two different photoperiod conditions.Results Variation in the number of days to heading was more pronounced under rainfed conditions than under well water conditions. For agronomic performance, Rum was superior under all tested environments, which assure its general adaptability to multiple environments, while Steptoe was the poorest. The transition to reproductive meristem was faster under vernalized long-day conditions as compared to vernalized short-day conditions. The progress of shoot apical meristem development and heading under long-day conditions was significantly faster in Rum than that of Steptoe. A clear effect of drought stress was observed on shoot apical meristem development in Steptoe. Under short-day conditions, vernalized Rum plants subjected to water deficit showed an advanced meristem development stage a significant earlier HD when compared with non-stressed plants. This early flowering behavior in stressed Rum plants under short-day conditions was accompanied by higher gene expression of the Vrn-H1 gene. Conclusion In conclusion, the integration of vernalization and photoperiod signals in drought-tolerant barley genotypes is associated with early flowering behavior and higher productivity in dry environments.

scholarly journals Asparagine accumulation in chicory storage roots is controlled by translocation and feedback regulation of asparagine biosynthesis in leaves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanoella Soares ◽  
Leonard Shumbe ◽  
Nicholas Dauchot ◽  
Christine Notté ◽  
Claire Prouin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Negative Feedback Loop ◽  
List Type ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Selection Of

SummaryThe presence of acrylamide (AA), a potentially carcinogenic and neurotoxic compound, in food has become a major concern for public health. AA in plant-derived food mainly arises from the reaction of the amino acid asparagine (Asn) and reducing sugars during processing of foodstuffs at high temperature.Using a selection of genotypes from the chicory germplasm we performed Asn measurements in storage roots and leaves to identify genotypes contrasting for Asn accumulation. We combined molecular analysis and grafting experiments to show that leaf to root translocation controls asparagine biosynthesis and accumulation in chicory storage roots.We could demonstrate that Asn accumulation in storage roots depends on Asn biosynthesis and transport from the leaf, and that a negative feedback loop by Asn on CiASN1 expression impacts Asn biosynthesis in leaves.Our results provide a new model for asparagine biosynthesis in root crop species and highlight the importance of characterizing and manipulating asparagine transport to reduce AA content in processed plant-based foodstuffs.

Combined SHOOT MERISTEMLESS and WUSCHEL trigger ectopic organogenesis inArabidopsis

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (13) ◽  
pp. 3207-3217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Luc Gallois ◽  
Claire Woodward ◽  
G. Venugopala Reddy ◽  
Robert Sablowski
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Division ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Activate Cell ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Differentiation Pathways ◽  
Shoot Meristemless

Almost all aerial parts of plants are continuously generated at the shoot apical meristem (SAM). To maintain a steady pool of undifferentiated cells in the SAM while continuously generating new organs, it is necessary to balance the rate of cell division with the rate of entrance into differentiation pathways. In the Arabidopsis meristem, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) and WUSCHEL (WUS) are necessary to keep cells undifferentiated and dividing. Here, we tested whether ectopic STM and WUS functions are sufficient to revert differentiation and activate cell division in differentiating tissues. Ectopic STM and WUS functions interacted non-additively and activated a subset of meristem functions, including cell division, CLAVATA1 expression and organogenesis, but not correct phyllotaxy or meristem self-maintenance. Our results suggest that WUS produces a non-cell autonomous signal that activates cell division in combination with STM and that combined WUS/STM functions can initiate the progression from stem cells to organ initiation.

scholarly journals Control of Rice Embryo Development, Shoot Apical Meristem Maintenance, and Grain Yield by a Novel Cytochrome P450

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1945-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibing Yang ◽  
Mingjun Gao ◽  
Xin Yin ◽  
Jiyun Liu ◽  
Yonghan Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Shoot Apical Meristem ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Meristem Maintenance ◽  
Rice Embryo

scholarly journals Meristem Development and its Relation to Endogenous GA3 and IAA Contents During Floral Bud Differentiation in Broccoli

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xinmei Jiang ◽  
Xihong Yu ◽  
Dan Li
Keyword(s):  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Bud Initiation ◽  
Floral Bud

The effects of three temperature treatments on morphological changes in the apical meristem and contents of GA3 and IAA in leaves during floral bud differentiation in early maturing cultivar of broccoli were studied. Plants went through every stage of flower-bud differentiation at day/night temperatures of 17.3±1/9.3±1°C. At 21.3±1/13.3±1°C, floral bud development ceased after primary axillary scape primordium differentiation and apical meristem entered a reversion stage. The apical meristem remained in the vegetative growth phase in plants growing at 25.3±1/17.3±1°C. Leaf GA3 contents started to increase while IAA contents started to decrease when plants entered the flower bud initiation stage. GA3 content was high and IAA content was low during all stages of axillary scape primordium differentiation.Key words: Meristem development; Broccoli; Apical meristem; GA3; IAADOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v35i1.7966 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol.35, No.1, 1-6, 2011

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