scholarly journals Avian haemosporidians (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) in selected bird groups (Old world Flycatchers, Warblers, Babblers, and Thrushes) of India and their phylogenetic relationships with other lineages of the world

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipin ◽  
Ashutosh Singh ◽  
Rajnikant Dixit ◽  
Narinder Kumar Tripathi ◽  
Bhim Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Avian Host ◽  
Old World ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
The World ◽  
Phylloscopus Trochiloides ◽  
Avian Haemosporidians ◽  
Source Populations

AbstractWe examined the Avian haemosporidians (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) status in selected bird groups (Old world Flycatchers, Warblers, Babblers, and Thrushes) of India and their phylogenetic relationships with other known lineages of the world. The use of common genetic markers with information on the geographic distribution of parasite and host samples makes the data of avian haemosporidians genetic studies more comparable and infection source surveillance ready. The prevalence of Avian haemosporidians, in above bird groups from northern, eastern, and southern parts of India and the phylogenetic genetic analysis of genetic lineages was carried out at world level to know the possible source of infection. The MCC tree revealed six Haemosporidian lineages in which one was common (H_MSP01) and five were unique (H_CYOPOL01, H_CHD01, H_CYORUB01, H_EUMTHA01, and P_GEOCIT01). The avian host richness Index was 2.0852. 9.9%, prevalence of Haemosporidian infection was found in 111 DNA samples belonging to 6 host species. The Haemoproteus prevalence was found to be 9.0% across five host species (Phylloscopus trochiloides, Cyornis poliogenys, C. hainanus dialilaemus, C. rubeculoides, Eumiyas thalassinus) and Plasmodium prevalence was 0.9% in Geokichla citrina. The spatial phylogeny map showed possible source populations of hosts having H. pallidus lineages COLL2 and PFC1 infections in parts of Africa, Europe, North America, Malaysia, and Philippines. The Plasmodium lineage (P_GEOCIT01) showed a weak (93.89%) similarity with PADOM16 in Egypt. The statistical analysis suggested that the haemosporidian’s host species’ distribution range was directly and significantly associated with the altitude, minimum temperature, and relative humidity. H_MSP01 distribution was in accordance with H. pallidus having a wide geographic and host range.

Larval trypanorhynch cestodes in teleost fish from Moreton Bay, Queensland

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 2123 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Beveridge ◽  
T. H. Cribb ◽  
S. C. Cutmore
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Teleost Fish ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
The South ◽  
West Pacific ◽  
Moreton Bay ◽  
South West ◽  
Lizard Island ◽  
The World

During a helminthological examination of teleost fish of Moreton Bay (Qld, Australia), 976 fish from 13 orders, 57 families and 133 species were examined and nine species of trypanorhynch metacestodes were identified. Callitetrarhynchus gracilis (Rudolphi, 1819) was the most frequently encountered species, found in 16 species of fish, with Callitetrarhynchus speciosus (Linton, 1897), Pterobothrium pearsoni (Southwell, 1929), Otobothrium alexanderi Palm, 2004, Otobothrium mugilis Hiscock, 1954, Otobothrium parvum Beveridge & Justine, 2007, Proemotobothrium southwelli Beveridge & Campbell, 2001, Pseudotobothrium dipsacum (Linton, 1897) and Heteronybelinia cf. heteromorphi Palm, 1999 occurring in fewer host species and at lower prevalences. Comparisons are made with studies elsewhere in the world and specifically within the South-west Pacific. Of the best studied regions in the South-west Pacific (Heron Island, Lizard Island, New Caledonia and now Moreton Bay), the fauna from Moreton Bay was found to be the most distinctive, with fauna from the three reef locations sharing 35–48% of species between sites and just 12–24% with Moreton Bay. The fauna of trypanorhynch cestodes from Lizard Island and New Caledonia was found to be the most similar.

Review of Testudobracon Quicke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) with descriptions of four new species from south India

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4232 (3) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SHEEBA ◽  
A.P. RANJITH ◽  
T.C. NARENDRAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South India ◽  
Check List ◽  
World Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
The World

The Braconinae is a generically diverse subfamily of Braconidae. The Old World genus Testudobracon Quicke is reviewed and four new species viz., T. athashi Ranjith sp. nov., T. malabaricus Sheeba sp. nov., T. shameeri Ranjith sp. nov. and T. travencorensis Sheeba sp. nov., are described from south India. A check list and key to the world species are provided. 

A cladistic analysis of the Old World species of Lotus L. (Fabaceae: Loteae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M Arambarri
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
World Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
Species Phylogeny ◽  
The World

The diagnostic characters of the genus Lotus L. are a claw with a thickened infolded margin, diadelphous stamens, and a style hardened from the base. This genus contains about 100 species that are distributed throughout the world. To investigate the phylogeny of the Old World species of Lotus, subgenus Edentolotus, sections Krokeria, Xantholotus, and Erythrolotus, a cladistic analysis was performed using 31 morphological characters. To test the phylogenetic relationships among species of Lotus-Edentolotus and Dorycnium, Pedrosia, and Tetragonolobus, these taxa were included as part of the ingroup. The polarity of the characters was based on the outgroup comparison method, using Anthyllis as one outgroup and Tripodion as another. The analysis with Anthyllis as outgroup yielded eight equally parsimonious trees (with all characters equally weighted), each with 62 steps, a consistency index of 0.53, and a retention index of 0.75. All trees (including the strict consensus tree from the eight initial trees) showed that genus Lotus, subgenus Edentolotus, and sections Xantholotus and Erythrolotus are polyphyletic, with only section Krokeria appearing as monophyletic. On the other hand, the groups of species Lotus angustissimus, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus creticus, and Lotus peregrinus are monophyletic. Identical results were derived from the data matrix using Tripodion as the outgroup. Results are compared with previous cytogenetic and biochemical evidence.Key words: cladistic analysis, Fabaceae, Loteae, Lotus, Old World species, phylogeny.

The Mongol Empire and the Unification of Eurasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 507-532
Author(s):  
Nikolay P. Kradin
Keyword(s):  
British Empire ◽  
World History ◽  
Global Communication ◽  
Bubonic Plague ◽  
The West ◽  
Old World ◽  
Technological Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Age Of Discovery ◽  
Mongol Empire

The Mongolian polity was the greatest pre-industrial empire, and second in the world history after the British Empire. It was established by the out-of-nowhere people of pastoral nomads. Nevertheless, the Mongolian Empire has played a great role in the world. Its founder, Genghis Khan, was even named the man of the second millennium. After termination of the murderous conquests, the Mongols became the trigger for building the global communication system in which gas stimulated the technological, cultural, and ideological exchanges between the civilizations of the Old World and contributed indirectly to the bubonic plague. The medieval Mongolian globalization laid the groundwork for subsequent technological growth, the age of discovery, and the rise of the West.

scholarly journals Essential Oils from the Hyptis genus- A Review (1909-2009)

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1100601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megil McNeil ◽  
Petrea Facey ◽  
Roy Porter
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Volatile Oils ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Insecticidal Activities

Several species belonging to the Hyptis (Lamiaceae) genus represent an important source of bioactive constituents, which are reputed for their wide range of antimicrobial, anticancer and insecticidal activities. The volatile oils obtained from various parts of the Hyptis plants were found to be primarily composed of mono- and sesquiterpenes. Significant differences were observed in the percentage compositions of the major components, which allowed for differentiation among the species. Based on the dominant constituents, phylogenetic relationships were found to be common among some species: 1,8-cineole ( H. fruticosa, H. goyazensis, H. martiusii and H. suaveolens); β-caryophyllene ( H. marrubioides, H. pectinata, H. spicigera and H. suaveolens); eugenol ( H. recurvata and H. suaveolens); γ-cadinene ( H. glomerata and H. ovalifolia); p-cymene ( H. mutabilis and H. pectinata); α-pinene ( H. crenata and H. emoryi). The monoterpenes, α-pinene and p-cymene were detected at various concentrations in all the Hyptis oils investigated. This paper reviews the essential oil compositions of eighteen Hyptis plant species studied in various parts of the world covering the publications of 100 years (1909 to 2009) after the first article appeared in the literature.

Origin and phylogenetic relationships of the Old World Gesneriaceae with actinomorphic flowers inferred from ITS and trnL-trnF sequences

Taxon ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1044-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Zheng Wang ◽  
Rong-Hua Liang ◽  
Bo-Han Wang ◽  
Jia-Mei Li ◽  
Zhi-Jing Qiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Old World

scholarly journals Caribbean Spaces and Anglophone World Literatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-158
Author(s):  
Jan Rupp
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
New World ◽  
Western World ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Old World ◽  
Domestic Spaces ◽  
The World ◽  
Small Set ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Anglophone World

AbstractCaribbean writing in English highlights the call for a pluralization of world literature(s) in a double sense. It is produced in multiple Caribbean spaces, both domestic and diasporic, and it clearly stands for the extension of what used to be a rather small set of (Western) world literature. Moreover, not least as a legacy of the colonial New World/Old World distinction, visions of the world are at the heart of the Caribbean spatial imaginary as probed in many literary works. This article explores the trajectory of Caribbean spaces and Anglophone world literatures as a matter of migration and circulation, but also in terms of the symbolic translation by which experiences of movement and space are aesthetically mediated. Because of its global span across different locations Caribbean writing in English is constituted as world literature almost by definition. However, some works pursue a more circumscribed concern with domestic spaces and local artistic idioms, which affects their translatability and redefines a conventional ‘from national to world literature’ narrative.

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