scholarly journals Classifying Literature Extracted Events for Automated Model Extension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey E Hansen ◽  
Julia Kisslinger ◽  
Neal Krishna ◽  
Emilee Holtzapple ◽  
Yasmine Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Reading Errors ◽  
Model Extension ◽  
Machine Reading

In this study, we investigate the integration of three previously developed tools: FLUTE, VIOLIN, and CLARINET. We show how using these tools together adds additional capabilities in extending models from relevant research literature. We illustrate how we plan to address current modeling pitfalls with these tools (such as machine reading errors and literature volume), and how we plan to use these tools as the foundation for an automated model extension framework.

Apprenticeship and empowerment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Gaunt
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Peer Interactions ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Creative Performance ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Collaborative Process ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
One To One ◽  
Classical Musicians

This chapter considers ways in which pathways to creative performance are supported through one-to-one lessons between a student and a specialist teacher. One-to-one interactions are generally considered central to the development of western classical musicians and traditionally have been conceived in terms of apprenticeship. More recently, however, understanding of the socially constructed nature of learning, including the essential parts played by peer interactions and engagement in communities of practice, has increased. In addition, the importance of collaboration in facilitating and channelling creativity in many fields has become apparent. Taken together, these suggest a need to develop a multifaceted and more nuanced conceptual framework for understanding one-to-one lessons and their relationship to performance. The chapter explores relevant research literature alongside perspectives provided by expert performer–teachers, and it concludes by setting out a provisional model for understanding both the collaborative process between student and teacher in one-to-one lessons and the potential for this context to underpin transformative processes of development for performers.

scholarly journals Trends in global research on sanitation: A 30-year perspective from 1990 to 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Huang ◽  
Mi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Sanitation Services ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
New Research

In the past three decades, the field of sanitation has attracted much academic attention, and a large volume of relevant research results have emerged. In order to explore the characteristics and trends of global sanitation research literature, this paper presents a bibliometric analysis of 9559 articles published between 1990–2019 and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database. With the rapid increase in the number of related publications, both the breadth and depth of sanitation studies have increased significantly in the 21st century. In terms of multiple criteria, the comprehensive research strength of developed countries is greater than that of developing countries. The field is highly interdisciplinary, meaning that collaborations between research institutions are increasing. Keyword clustering analysis shows that the main research topics in the domain of sanitation are: (a) drinking water; (b) sustainability; (c) biofilm; (d) epidemiology; and (e) WaSH (i.e. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene). Meanwhile, keyword bursts analysis showed that the new research hotspots and frontiers mainly concentrated on: (a) sustainable development of sanitation services adapting to climate change; (b) main determinants affecting child malnutrition; (c) research based on global and multinational data; and (d) evaluations on various aspects of performance. This paper provides a better understanding of sanitation research trends that have emerged over the past 30 years, and can serve as a reference for future research.

scholarly journals Using automation to produce a ‘living map’ of the COVID-19 research literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Ian Shemilt ◽  
Anneliese Arno ◽  
James Thomas ◽  
Theo Lorenc ◽  
Claire C Khouja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Automation Systems

The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted life worldwide and presented unique challenges in the health evidencesynthesis space. The urgent nature of the pandemic required extreme rapidity for keeping track of research, andthis presented a unique opportunity for long-proposed automation systems to be deployed and evaluated. Wecompared the use of novel automation technologies with conventional manual screening; and Microsoft AcademicGraph (MAG) with the MEDLINE and Embase databases locating the emerging research evidence. We foundthat a new workflow involving machine learning to identify relevant research in MAG achieved a much higherrecall with lower manual effort than using conventional approaches.

scholarly journals A systematic review of automated pre-processing, feature extraction and classification of cardiotocography

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e452
Author(s):  
Shahad Al-yousif ◽  
Ariep Jaenul ◽  
Wisam Al-Dayyeni ◽  
Ah Alamoodi ◽  
Ihab Jabori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Fetal Monitoring ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Automatic Feature Extraction

Context The interpretations of cardiotocography (CTG) tracings are indeed vital to monitor fetal well-being both during pregnancy and childbirth. Currently, many studies are focusing on feature extraction and CTG classification using computer vision approach in determining the most accurate diagnosis as well as monitoring the fetal well-being during pregnancy. Additionally, a fetal monitoring system would be able to perform detection and precise quantification of fetal heart rate patterns. Objective This study aimed to perform a systematic review to describe the achievements made by the researchers, summarizing findings that have been found by previous researchers in feature extraction and CTG classification, to determine criteria and evaluation methods to the taxonomies of the proposed literature in the CTG field and to distinguish aspects from relevant research in the field of CTG. Methods Article search was done systematically using three databases: IEEE Xplore digital library, Science Direct, and Web of Science over a period of 5 years. The literature in the medical sciences and engineering was included in the search selection to provide a broader understanding for researchers. Results After screening 372 articles, and based on our protocol of exclusion and inclusion criteria, for the final set of articles, 50 articles were obtained. The research literature taxonomy was divided into four stages. The first stage discussed the proposed method which presented steps and algorithms in the pre-processing stage, feature extraction and classification as well as their use in CTG (20/50 papers). The second stage included the development of a system specifically on automatic feature extraction and CTG classification (7/50 papers). The third stage consisted of reviews and survey articles on automatic feature extraction and CTG classification (3/50 papers). The last stage discussed evaluation and comparative studies to determine the best method for extracting and classifying features with comparisons based on a set of criteria (20/50 articles). Discussion This study focused more on literature compared to techniques or methods. Also, this study conducts research and identification of various types of datasets used in surveys from publicly available, private, and commercial datasets. To analyze the results, researchers evaluated independent datasets using different techniques. Conclusions This systematic review contributes to understand and have insight into the relevant research in the field of CTG by surveying and classifying pertinent research efforts. This review will help to address the current research opportunities, problems and challenges, motivations, recommendations related to feature extraction and CTG classification, as well as the measurement of various performance and various data sets used by other researchers.

scholarly journals Accessible maps for the color vision deficient observers: past and present knowledge and future possibilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Kristin Kvitle
Keyword(s):  
Color Vision ◽  
Color Image ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Map Reading ◽  
Visual Variables ◽  
Map Design

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Color is part of the visual variables in map, serving an aesthetic part and as a guide of attention. Impaired color vision affects the ability to distinguish colors, which makes the task of decoding the map colors difficult. Map reading is reported as a challenging task for these observers, especially when the size of stimuli is small. The aim of this study is to review existing methods for map design for color vision deficient users. A systematic review of research literature and case studies of map design for CVD observers has been conducted in order to give an overview of current knowledge and future research challenges. In addition, relevant research on simulations of CVD and color image enhancement for these observers from other fields of industry is included. The study identified two main approaches: pre-processing by using accessible colors and post-processing by using enhancement methods. Some of the methods may be applied for maps, but requires tailoring of test images according to map types.</p>

Instructional Strategies for Improving Toy Play Skills of Severely Handicapped Children

AAESPH Review ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Wehman
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Instructional Strategies ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Play Skills ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Handicapped Children ◽  
Toy Play ◽  
Severely Handicapped ◽  
Play Materials

This article identifies play problems that are typically encountered in severely and profoundly handicapped children. Play problems are primarily limited to the difficulties involved in appropriate interaction with toys and peers. For each problem, several instructional strategies are described as possible solutions for parents and teachers. The problems identified are refusal to play, inappropriate play, lack of sustained play, limited range in use of play materials, isolate play, refusal to initiate social interactions, throwing toys, and inappropriate materials. The strategies suggested for alleviating these problems are developed from a review of relevant research literature.

scholarly journals The visibility of scientific misconduct: A review of the literature on retracted journal articles

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 814-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicitas Hesselmann ◽  
Verena Graf ◽  
Marion Schmidt ◽  
Martin Reinhart
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Misconduct ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Empirical Basis ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Sociology Of Deviance ◽  
Justice Systems

Retractions of scientific articles are becoming the most relevant institution for making sense of scientific misconduct. An increasing number of retracted articles, mainly attributed to misconduct, is currently providing a new empirical basis for research about scientific misconduct. This article reviews the relevant research literature from an interdisciplinary context. Furthermore, the results from these studies are contextualized sociologically by asking how scientific misconduct is made visible through retractions. This study treats retractions as an emerging institution that renders scientific misconduct visible, thus, following up on the sociology of deviance and its focus on visibility. The article shows that retractions, by highlighting individual cases of misconduct and general policies for preventing misconduct while obscuring the actors and processes through which retractions are effected, produce highly fragmented patterns of visibility. These patterns resemble the bifurcation in current justice systems.

Buyers’ Subjective Perceptions of Price

1973 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent B. Monroe
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
New Research

Marketing researchers recently have expended considerable effort to investigate how price influences buyers’ decisions yielding a variety of results, some not entirely explainable. This article reviews the relevant research literature, organizes the results, and suggests new research directions.

Crime and Drugs: The Issues and Literature

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane C. McBride ◽  
Clyde B. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Causal Priority ◽  
The Relationship

It is the purpose of this paper to examine the major research issues in the study of the relationship between crime and drugs and to examine the relevant research literature as it applies to those issues. Typologies are constructed for both criminal and drug using behavior and it is argued that the relationship between crime and drugs should be examined for each type of crime and each type of drug. A variety of issues regarding the nature of the relationship are discussed. These issues include the statistical association, causal priority, heroin use and increased, sustained and type of criminal activity, the direction of the causal effect and the ecology of crime and drugs. Finally, it is argued that a longitudinal design is necessary before the complexities of the nature of the crime-drug relationship can begin to be unraveled.

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