scholarly journals Physarum polycephalum: Establishing an Assay for Testing Decision-making Under Shifting Somatic Boundaries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Pascal Levin ◽  
Michael Levin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Physarum Polycephalum ◽  
Food Reward ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Original Mass ◽  
The Individual

Prior studies of decision-making generally assume a fixed agent which maximizes utility among its various options. Physarum polycephalum is a popular model for basal cognition that can be cut into pieces that may or may not re-join. We exploited this capacity to develop a novel assay in which radical changes to the agent itself are among the options of the decision-making process. Specifically, we transected a Physarum culture in the presence of a food reward that was located closer to the new smaller piece. In this scenario, the newly created branch must choose between exploiting the reward itself, or first re-connecting with the original mass (and sharing the nutrient reward across a large body). We report a pilot study establishing a protocol in which the number of agents is part of the decision-making process. We observed that despite the presence of food, new branches strongly prefer to merge back to the syncytium before exploiting the reward. Many improvements to the protocol are possible, to extend this effort to understand the interplay between behavioral options and the structure and boundary of the individual making choices in its environment

The transformation of the decision-making process on the part of economic agents influenced by social constraints

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1202-1222
Author(s):  
M.V. Grechko ◽  
L.A. Kobina ◽  
S.A. Goncharenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contextual Environment ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
External Signals

Subject. The article focuses on the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents given the existing social constraints. Objectives. We devise applied toolkit to study how socio-economic constraints transform the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents. Methods. The study involves means of the expert survey, the method that streamlines economic knowledge. Results. Social constraints are illustrated to influence the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents, assuming that the individual mind relies on specific mechanisms to make judgments and decisions. Generally, the mechanisms are very useful, however they may generate serious errors during the decision-making process. Given the social constraints, economic agents were found to follow four mental models to make their decisions in case of the full or partial uncertainty, i.e. the representative relevance, accessibility, relations, heuristics (modeling). Conclusions and Relevance. The scientific ideas herein show that the inner architecture of a choice an individual makes determines his or her decisions. The decisions often depend on the contextual environment that gives external signals perceived by the individual while evaluating alternative ways. The findings can possibly be used as a mechanism to manage the consumer choice.

scholarly journals Studi tentang Motivasi ARMY Jakarta dalam Membeli Merchandise Idola (Studi Kasus Kaos Uniqlo X BT21)

Prologia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 128
Author(s):  
Johanna Ruthllianie ◽  
Diah Ayu Candraningrum
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Parasocial Interaction ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Decision ◽  
Consumer Motivation ◽  
Individual Motivation ◽  
Public Figures ◽  
The Individual

This research attempts to adopt the individual motivation behind the decision in purchasing an idol merchandise. In addition the resources focused on the concept of consumer motivation and the consumer decision making process. The concept of motivation includes sources of motivation, divided into motivational intrinsic and motivation extrinsic. While the consumer decision-making process is divided into five steps which are recognized the need, looking for information, evaluation of decision, buying decision, and the consumer behavior after purchasing. The researcher uses a case study of the shirt Uniqlo X BT21 with qualitative method. The results of the research which is the consumer motivation lead to purchasing a Uniqlo X BT21 shirt. Parasocial interaction in fact can influence consumers to purchase merchandise. The more closely the relation between society can lead to higher motivation to purchase the needs. The collaboration between Uniqlo and BTS succeeds in attracting the fans. The results of collaboration between brand and public figures now is a strategy for creating promotional products. Entrepreneurs, who also use this strategy need to see the opportunity by using this phenomenon. Penelitian ini mengangkat tentang motivasi individu dalam keputusan pembelian merchandise idola. Konsep yang digunakan yaitu motivasi dan keputusan pembelian. Konsep motivasi meliputi sumber motivasi, yaitu melalui motivasi intrinsik dan motivasi ekstrinsik. Sedangkan untuk keputusan pembelian melalui lima tahapan yaitu, mengenali kebutuhan, pencarian informasi, evaluasi alternatif, keputusan pembelian dan perilaku pasca pembelian. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kasus terhadap kaos Uniqlo X BT21 dengan metodologi kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu motivasi yang menyebabkan pembelian kaos Uniqlo X BT21. Interaksi parasosial terbukti mampu untuk mempengaruhi pembelian merchandise. Semakin lekat sebuah hubungan parasosial, maka akan semakin tinggi motivasi minat beli. Kolaborasi yang diadakan Uniqlo dengan BTS dapat dikatakan berhasil menarik minat penggemar. Sehingga kolaborasi merek dan public figure kini merupakan sebuah strategi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mempromosikan produk. Pebisnis perlu melihat peluang yang hadir dalam fenomena tersebut.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF THE REPLANTING AGE ON YIELD AND GROWTH OF EUCALYPT CLONAL STANDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Magela Pereira Filho ◽  
Laércio Antônio Gonçalves Jacovine ◽  
Bruno Leão Said Schettini ◽  
Haroldo Nogueira de Paiva ◽  
Paulo Henrique Villanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
T Test ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Individual Volume ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ant Control

ABSTRACT The growth of an eucalypt plantation should be monitored to identify factors that influence its development, helping in the decision-making process, aiming to reduce productivity losses. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the age of replanting on the yield and growth of eucalypt stands. The experiment was conducted in an area of CENIBRA S.A. Company, and established in a commercial plantation in August 2011. The application of herbicide and the ant control were performed in total area before planting. Seedlings of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis clones in 3.0 × 2.5 m spacing were used. Limestone (1,500 kg ha-1) was applied in total area before planting and 100 g plant-1 of NPK fertilizer (06-30-06) was applied immediately after planting. Four months after the installation of the experiment, 300 kg ha-1 of NPK (06-10-29) was applied. Treatments consisted of four dates of seedling replanting (0, 20, 40 and 80 days after planting) without complementary fertilization, and two treatments (replanting 40 and 80 days after planting) with supplementary fertilization (100g plant-1 NPK 06-30-06). The individual volume of replanting trees was 46.6% lower than of non-replanted ones. Treatments with complementary planting fertilization did not differ (p > 0.05) by the T-test. It is concluded that the longer the time between planting and replanting, the smaller the individual volume of the replanting trees and that the complementary fertilization in seedlings replanted does not favor their growth.

The Limitations of Financial Reporting on Innovation and Its Value-Relevance for the Investor's Decision-Making Process

2019 ◽  
pp. 390-418
Author(s):  
Francisco Leote ◽  
Ana Damião
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Financial Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Industry Sectors

This chapter aims to present some limitations of financial reporting on innovation with an impact on the investor's decision-making process. In order to do so, the authors show how accounting recognizes and measures innovation factors: the intangibles. Based on the literature, the authors discuss how the value relevance of financial reporting on innovation is conditioned by non-financial factors. The impacts of the adoption of IFRSs, the effect of the industry sectors and the effect of the individual characteristics of the different countries on the value relevance of the intangible assets are analyzed. The literature suggests a decrease in the value relevance of financial statements due to the manner in which intangibles are recognized and measured in accounting. However, financial reporting on innovation is value relevant to the investor's decision-making and is conditioned by non-financial factors. Value relevance differs among different industry sectors, between different countries and is conditioned by the accounting systems used in the preparation of the financial information.

Is there Life after Kohl? The CDU Crisis and the Future of Party Democracy in Germany

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludger Helms
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Party System ◽  
National Level ◽  
State Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Dominant Position ◽  
Christian Democratic Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
Christian Social Union ◽  
The Individual

There are few Chapters of the Federal Republic'S History that could be written without a prominent reference to the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). Since 1949 Christian Democratic chancellors have led German governments for no less than 37 years. Even when in opposition, the Christian Democrats - composed at the national level of the CDU and the Bavarian Christian Social Union (CSU)1 - constituted more often than not the strongest parliamentary party group (Fraktion) in the Bundestag, such as after the federal elections of 1969, 1976 and 1980. Also at state level and in the Bundesrat, which represents the individual states (L-nder) in the national decision-making process, the Christian Democrats quite often held a dominant position justifying occasional remarks of a ‘CDU/CSU bias’ within the German party system.

Development and Implementation of The Dispersant Observation Job Aid

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 (1) ◽  
pp. 1015-1018
Author(s):  
Edwin A. Levine
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Formal Training ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Regional Policies ◽  
Actual Application ◽  
Unified Command ◽  
Aerial Observation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Job Aid

ABSTRACT The Job Aid is a field guide for dispersant observers after formal training. Individuals are prepared to observe applications by different platforms and able to competently describe their observations back to a command structure for decision making. The observer is not a controller or spotter for the actual application operation. For field durability it is formatted as bound 5″×7″plastic-coated cards. This Job Aid focuses on supporting the “Observation of Aerial Applications of Dispersants” training. This training imparts the ability to identify oil, describe its characteristics, and make recommendations back to the Federal On-Scene Coordinator (FOSC) concerning future dispersant actions. The observer's recommendations to the Unified Command (UC) may range from “continue operations,” “modify operations,” or “cease operations.”, The training is based upon the supposition that the decision to use dispersants has already been made. The training does not attempt to cover the decision making process. It is incumbent on the individual to be familiar with the local and regional policies regarding use of dispersants and subsequent monitoring requirements. This job aid should be used in conjunction with the “Open Water Oil Identification Job Aid for Aerial Observation” to help describe the surface oil.

scholarly journals Generación de conocimiento en las organizaciones apoyada por la Teoría General de Sistemas

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Instructional Design ◽  
Organizational Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
General Systems Theory ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
General Systems ◽  
Toma De Decisiones ◽  
The Individual

Key words: Instructional design, knowledge generation, General Systems TheoryAbstract. This article pretends to make a linkage between the General Systems Theory and organizational knowledge generation, exposing the advantages of the use of this theory. Researches were used in order to let the reader to form his/her own criteria according the environment that is involved. Isolating the facts, not considering the organization to the decision making process will limit the development of the organizational knowledge, because al last, this knowledge will be losing when the individual are retiring from the organization.What is proposing is that the knowledge remains through a proper application of generation and retaining with constant renovation methods.Palabras Clave: Diseño instruccional, generación de conocimiento, Teoría General de SistemasResumen. Este artículo pretende hacer una vinculación entre la Teoría de General de Sistemas y la generación de conocimiento organizacional, planteando las ventajas de la utilización de esta teoría. Hace uso de investigaciones que permiten que desde varias perspectivas el lector forme un criterio acorde con su entorno. El aislar los hechos, el no integrar a la organización para la toma de decisiones limitaría el desarrollo del conocimiento organizacional, que al final de cuentas, éste se va perdiendo en la medida que los individuos se van retirando. Lo que se plantea es que el conocimiento permanezca a través de unaadecuada generación y retención aplicando métodos de constante renovación.

scholarly journals What Makes Emerging Adults Feel Loved? Cultural Consensus of Felt Love Experiences in Emerging Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Ellis ◽  
Saeideh Heshmati ◽  
Zita Oravecz
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Developmental Theory ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Cultural Consensus ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
The Individual

The experience of love plays an integral role in human development as adolescents transition to young adults. While important, little is known about beliefs on love and intimacy in this transitional stage and whether emerging adults have developed beliefs about indicators of love. Using Cultural Consensus Theory informed by developmental theory, this study examined whether emerging adults in the United States reach a consensus on what makes people feel loved. Decision-making styles were also explored and linked with emerging adults’ personality characteristics. College attending-emerging adults ages 18 to 22 responded to 60 items on everyday scenarios and decided whether they thought each scenario was loving or not. Results suggest that emerging adults have developed a shared belief on love. The study expands on the individual differences in the decision-making process of emerging adults on indicators of love and the developmental implications of these findings.

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