scholarly journals TAS2R38 predisposition to bitter taste associated with differential changes in vegetable intake in response to a community-based dietary intervention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Calancie ◽  
Thomas C. Keyserling ◽  
Lindsey Smith-Taillie ◽  
Kimberly Robasky ◽  
Cam Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Consumption Frequency

AbstractBackgroundAlthough vegetable consumption is associated with decreased risk for a variety of chronic diseases, few Americans meet the CDC recommendations for vegetable intake. The TAS2R38 gene encodes a taste receptor that confers bitter taste sensing from chemicals found in some vegetables. Common polymorphisms in TAS2R38, including rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939, lead to coding substitutions that alter receptor function and result in the loss of bitter taste perception.ObjectiveOur study examines whether bitter taste perception TAS2R38 diplotypes were associated with vegetable consumption in participants enrolled in either an enhanced or a minimal nutrition counseling intervention within a community-based dietary intervention.MethodsDNA was isolated from the peripheral blood cells of study participants (N = 497) and analyzed for polymorphisms using genotyping arrays. The Block Fruit and Vegetable screener was used to determine frequency of vegetable consumption. Mixed effects models were used to test differences in frequency of vegetable consumption between intervention and genotype groups over time.ResultsThere was no association between baseline vegetable consumption frequency and the bitter taste diplotype (p = 0.937), however after six months of the intervention, we observed an interaction between bitter taste diplotypes and time (p = 0.046). Participants in the enhanced intervention increased their vegetable consumption frequency (p = 0.020) and within this intervention group, the non-bitter and intermediate-bitter tasting participants had the largest increase in vegetable consumption. In contrast, in the minimal intervention group, the bitter tasting participants reported a decrease in vegetable consumption.ConclusionsNon‐ and intermediate-bitter taste blind participants increased vegetable consumption in either intervention group more than those who perceive bitterness. Future applications of precision medicine could consider genetic variation in bitter taste perception genes when designing dietary interventions.Author summaryMost Americans under consume vegetables, despite clear associations between vegetable consumption and health benefits. Vegetables, such as broccoli, kale, and Brussels sprouts, contain bitter-tasting compounds, leading to taste aversion. Common polymorphisms on the TAS2R38 taste receptor gene (rs713598, rs1726866, and rs10246939) influence the perception of bitter taste. We tested whether genetic predisposition to bitter taste influenced vegetable intake in a dietary intervention and found that TAS2R38 diplotypes were related to vegetable consumption. Combining precision medicine approaches that identify taste profiles and personalizing dietary advice could help engage intervention participants and improve the impact of dietary interventions.

scholarly journals TAS2R38 Predisposition to Bitter Taste Associated with Differential Changes in Vegetable Intake in Response to a Community-Based Dietary Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2107-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Calancie ◽  
Thomas C. Keyserling ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie ◽  
Kimberly Robasky ◽  
Cam Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Community Based

Nutrition Counseling Increases Fruit and Vegetable Intake in the Edentulous

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 463-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bradbury ◽  
J.M. Thomason ◽  
N.J.A. Jepson ◽  
A.W.G. Walls ◽  
P.F. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chewing Ability

Edentulous denture-wearers eat fewer fruits and vegetables than do comparable dentate individuals. Improved chewing ability with new dentures has resulted in little dietary improvement, suggesting that dietary intervention is necessary. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to have a positive impact upon dietary behavior of patients receiving replacement complete dentures through a tailored dietary intervention. Readiness to change diet (Stage of Change), intake of fruits, vegetables, and nutrients, and chewing ability were assessed pre-and 6 weeks post-intervention. The intervention group (n = 30) received two dietary counseling sessions; the control group (n = 28) received current standard care. Perceived chewing ability significantly increased in both groups. There was significantly more movement from pre-action into action Stages of Change in the intervention group, who had a greater increase in fruit/vegetable consumption (+209 g/d) than did the control group (+26 g/d) (P = 0.001). Tailored dietary intervention contemporaneous with replacement dentures can positively change dietary behavior.

Taste perception and expression in stomach of bitter taste receptor tas2r38 in obese and lean subjects

Appetite ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105595
Author(s):  
Antonietta Robino ◽  
Natalia Rosso ◽  
Martina Guerra ◽  
Pio Corleone ◽  
Biagio Casagranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Bitter Taste Receptor

scholarly journals Efficacy of a community-based dietary intervention to enhance micronutrient adequacy of high-phytate maize-based diets of rural Malawian children

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 826-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Yeudall ◽  
Rosalind S Gibson ◽  
Timothy R Cullinan ◽  
Beatrice Mtimuni
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of a community-based dietary intervention to reduce risk of micronutrient inadequacies in high-phytate maize-based Malawian diets.DesignQuasi-experimental post-test design with a non-equivalent control group.SettingFour villages in Mangochi District, Southern Malawi.ParticipantsHouseholds with children aged 3–7 years in two intervention (n = 200) and two control (n = 81) villages participated in a 6-month intervention employing dietary diversification, changes in food selection patterns, and modifications to food processing to reduce the phytate content of maize-based diets. Baseline comparability between the groups was confirmed via assessment of sociodemographic characteristics, anthropometry, knowledge and practices, morbidity, haemoglobin and hair zinc. After 12 months, knowledge and practices and dietary intakes were assessed by interactive 24-hour recalls, one during the food plenty and a second during the food shortage season. Nutrient adequacy for the two groups was compared via dietary quality indicators and predicted prevalence of inadequate intakes using the probability approach.ResultsIntervention children had diets that were significantly more diverse and of a higher quality than those of controls. Median daily intakes of protein, calcium, zinc (total and available), haem iron, vitamin B12 and animal foods (grams; % of total energy) were higher (P<0.05) whereas phytate intakes, phytate/zinc and phytate/iron molar ratios were lower (P<0.01) in the intervention group; some spread of knowledge and practices to controls occurred.ConclusionsOur community-based dietary strategies reduced the predicted prevalence of inadequate intakes of protein, calcium, zinc and vitamin B12, but not iron, in children from Malawian households with very limited resources.

Seattle 5-a-Day Work-Site Project: Process Evaluation

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirley A. A. Beresford ◽  
Jackilen Shannon ◽  
Dale McLerran ◽  
Beti Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable Intake ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Work Site ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Individual Strategies ◽  
Small Work

The Seattle 5-a-Day Work-Site Project developed a community-based intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intake, using both environmental (including cafeteria and work-site-wide events) and individual strategies. The Employee Advisory Board developed its own protocol from a common skeleton and a minimum set of activities. Small work sites and work sites with fewer female employees delivered more displays, posters, and table tents per employee ( p < .01 and p < .05, respectively). Dose was neither related to use of the intervention nor to change in fruit and vegetable intake. Use of informational materials increased fruit and vegetable intake in the cohort of employees with both baseline and follow-up data ( p≅ .05). The intervention was associated both with increased employee use of the intervention (activities and materials) and with increased intake of fruit and vegetables. Work sites with medium average baseline intake were the most responsive. These findings can guide the development of more efficient community-based dietary interventions.

Evolutionary relationships of the Tas2r receptor gene families in mouse and human

2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Conte ◽  
Martin Ebeling ◽  
Anne Marcuz ◽  
Patrick Nef ◽  
Pedro J. Andres-Barquin
Keyword(s):  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Human Genomes ◽  
Species Specific

The early molecular events in the perception of bitter taste start with the binding of specific water-soluble molecules to G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) encoded by the Tas2r family of taste receptor genes. The identification of the complete TAS2R receptor family repertoire in mouse and a comparative study of the Tas2r gene families in mouse and human might help to better understand bitter taste perception. We have identified, cloned, and characterized 13 new mouse Tas2r sequences, 9 of which encode putative functional bitter taste receptors. The encoded proteins are between 293 and 333 amino acids long and share between 18% and 54% sequence identity with other mouse TAS2R proteins. Including the 13 sequences identified, the mouse Tas2r family contains ∼30% more genes and 60% fewer pseudogenes than the human TAS2R family. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of the proteins encoded by all mouse and human Tas2r genes indicate that TAS2R proteins present a lower degree of sequence conservation in mouse than in human and suggest a classification in five groups that may reflect a specialization in their functional activity to detect bitter compounds. Tas2r genes are organized in clusters in both mouse and human genomes, and an analysis of these clusters and phylogenetic analyses indicates that the five TAS2R protein groups were present prior to the divergence of the primate and rodent lineages. However, differences in subsequent evolutionary processes, including local duplications, interchromosomal duplications, divergence, and deletions, gave rise to species-specific sequences and shaped the diversity of the current TAS2R receptor families during mouse and human evolution.

scholarly journals Linking vegetable preferences, health and local food systems through community-supported agriculture

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 2392-2401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Wilkins ◽  
Tracy J Farrell ◽  
Anusuya Rangarajan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Local Food Systems ◽  
Community Supported Agriculture ◽  
Rural County ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Winter Vegetables ◽  
Sustained Increase

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to explore the influence of participation in community-supported agriculture (CSA) on vegetable exposure, vegetable intake during and after the CSA season, and preference related to locally produced vegetables acquired directly from CSA growers.DesignQuantitative surveys were administered at three time points in two harvest seasons to four groups of CSA participants: new full-paying, returning full-paying, new subsidized and returning subsidized members. Questionnaires included a vegetable frequency measure and measures of new and changed vegetable preference. Comparisons were made between new and returning CSA members and between those receiving subsidies and full-paying members.SettingThe research was conducted in a rural county in New York, USA.SubjectsCSA members who agreed to participate in the study.ResultsAnalysis was based on 151 usable questionnaires. CSA participants reported higher intake of eleven different vegetables during the CSA season, with a sustained increase in some winter vegetables. Over half of the respondents reported trying at least one, and up to eleven, new vegetables. Sustained preferences for CSA items were reported.ConclusionsWhile those who choose to join a CSA may be more likely to acquire new and expanded vegetable preferences than those who do not, the CSA experience has the potential to enhance vegetable exposure, augment vegetable preference and increase overall vegetable consumption. Dietary patterns encouraged through CSA participation can promote preferences and consumer demand that support local production and seasonal availability. Emphasis on fresh and fresh stored locally produced vegetables is consistent with sustainable community-based food systems.

scholarly journals The European School Fruit Scheme: impact on children’s fruit and vegetable consumption in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Methner ◽  
Gesa Maschkowski ◽  
Monika Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
European School ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Post Test ◽  
The Impact

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the impact of the European School Fruit Scheme (SFS) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on children’s fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption, in particular frequency.DesignThe study consisted of a pre-test/post-test design with an intervention (eight primary schools) and a control group (two primary schools). Children’s F&V consumption frequency was measured prior to the introduction of the SFS in 2010 and after one year’s delivery of F&V (2011).SettingTen primary schools in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.SubjectsIn total, 499 primary-school children aged 6–11 years, 390 in the intervention and 109 in the control schools.ResultsChildren highly appreciated the SFS. More than 90 % evaluated the programme positively. Children in the intervention group showed a significant increase in F&V intake frequency from baseline to follow-up, from on average 1·26 (sd1·37) to 2·02 (sd1·33) times/d (P=0·000). The intervention variable had a highly significant impact on children’s F&V consumption frequency, even after controlling for gender, age and stay at school for lunch (β=0·773; 95 % CI 0·59, 0·96). The SFS did not induce a reduction of F&V consumption at home. In the control group a non-significant decline in F&V consumption frequency from 1·31 (sd1·26) to 1·18 (sd1·34) times/d (P=0·325) was observed.ConclusionOne year after the programme’s implementation, the SFS led to a significant short-term increase in children’s F&V consumption.

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