scholarly journals Short-term block of CRH receptor in adults mitigates age-related memory impairments provoked by early-life adversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel K. Short ◽  
Pamela M. Maras ◽  
Aidan L. Pham ◽  
Autumn S. Ivy ◽  
Tallie Z. Baram
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Age Related

AbstractIn humans, early-life adversity (ELA) is associated with impairments in learning and memory that may emerge later in life. In rodent models, ELA directly impacts hippocampal neuron structure and connectivity with progressive deficits in long-term potentiation and spatial memory function. Previous work has demonstrated that augmented release and actions of the stress-activated neuropeptide, CRH, contribute to the deleterious effects of ELA on hippocampal structure and memory-function. Early-life adversity increases CRH production and levels, and blocking CRH receptor type 1 (CRHR1) within the hippocampus immediately following adversity prevented the memory and LTP problems caused by ELA. Here we queried if blocking CRHR1 during adulthood ameliorates the adverse impact of ELA on memory in middle age. Blocking CRHR1 for a week in two month old male rats prevented ELA-induced deficits in object recognition memory that emerge during middle age. The intervention failed to mitigate the reduction of spatial memory at 4 and 8 months, but restored hippocampus-dependent location memory in ELA-experiencing rats during middle age (12 months of age).Notably, neither ELA nor blocking CRHR1 influenced anxiety- or depression-related behaviors These findings suggest a sensitive period during which interventions can fully prevent long-lasting effects of ELA, yet indicate that interventions later in life offer significant benefits.

scholarly journals Blocking CRH receptors in adults mitigates age-related memory impairments provoked by early-life adversity

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabel K. Short ◽  
Pamela M. Maras ◽  
Aidan L. Pham ◽  
Autumn S. Ivy ◽  
Tallie Z. Baram
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Crh Receptors

scholarly journals Voluntary Exercise Rescues the Spatial Memory Deficit Associated With Early Life Isoflurane Exposure in Male Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Chinn ◽  
Jennifer M. Sasaki Russell ◽  
Esther T. Banh ◽  
Saehee C. Lee ◽  
Jeffrey W. Sall
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Spatial Memory Deficit

scholarly journals Forepaw Sensorimotor Deprivation in Early Life Leads to the Impairments on Spatial Memory and Synaptic Plasticity in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Xiaohua Cao ◽  
Xingming Jin ◽  
Chonghuai Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synaptic Plasticity ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Hippocampal Slices ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Perforant Path ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Spatial Reference

To investigate the influence of forepaw sensorimotor deprivation on memory and synaptic plasticity, Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: a sham-operated group and a group deprived of forepaw sensorimotor function by microsurgical operation at postnatal day 13 (PN13). Behavioral and electrophysiological studies were performed at PN25, PN35, PN45, and PN60. Open field test was used to assess the spontaneous locomotor activity. Morris water maze was used to evaluate spatial reference learning and memory. The long-term potentiation (LTP) in the medial perforant path—dentate gyrus (MPP-DG) pathway was examined with hippocampal slices. We found that forepaw sensorimotor deprivation did not affect spontaneous activity of the rats. However, spatial reference learning and memory were significantly impaired in their early life (PN25, PN35, and PN45). In accordance with the behavior results, LTP in MPP-DG pathway was significantly suppressed in their early life. These data demonstrated that forepaw sensorimotor deprivation led to the impairments on spatial memory via inducing pronounced deficits in the MPP-DG pathway to exhibit LTP, one of the major cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory.

scholarly journals MRI uncovers disrupted hippocampal microstructure that underlies memory impairments after early-life adversity

Hippocampus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1618-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Molet ◽  
Pamela M. Maras ◽  
Eli Kinney-Lang ◽  
Neil G. Harris ◽  
Faisal Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Memory Impairments

scholarly journals Combination of Aerobic Exercise and Continuous Environmental Enrichment Improves Adult Male Rats’ Spatial Memory: Study on Hippocampal Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) and Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2) Expression

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-6
Author(s):  
Sophie Yolanda ◽  
Sri Redjeki ◽  
Trinovita Andraini ◽  
Dewi Irawati Soeria Santoso ◽  
Nurhadi Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ◽  
Insulin Like Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth

BACKGROUND: Memory declines with the progression of age through the neurodegeneration process. Aerobic exercise and environmental enrichment can delay neurodegeneration by improving neuroplasticity via expression of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) and other proteins. Combination treatment of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment and their effect on the expression of IGF-1 and FGF-2 which were expected to improve memory function has not been studied previously. Thus, this study aimed to observe it.METHODS: This is an experimental research using 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, 300-400 g, age 7-8 months) divided randomly into 4 groups: control (C), aerobic exercise (A), continuous (EE), and combination of aerobic exercise and continuous environmental enrichment (A-EE). At the end of an 8-week treatment, rats were sacrificed, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) examination was performed to assess hippocampal IGF-1 and FGF-2 levels.RESULTS: In the 8th week, A-EE group showed the best improvement in rats’ spatial memory (47.84±10.6 %) followed by EE group (45.03±4.1 %), A group (38.61±3.8 %), and C group (22.76±7.12 %). However, A-EE group’s hippocampal IGF-1 (16.21±7.56 ng/mg protein) and FGF-2 (1.29±0.57 ng/mg protein) expression were not higher than other groups.CONCLUSION: Improvement in memory function in the combination group is a result of induction of various growth factors’ expression in the hippocampus, including IGF-1 and FGF-2, but the primary pathway of memory function improvement may be from other growth factors.KEYWORDS: spatial memory, aerobic exercise, environmental enrichment, hippocampus, IGF-1, FGF-2

scholarly journals Early-life sugar consumption has long-term negative effects on memory function in male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Noble ◽  
Ted M. Hsu ◽  
Joanna Liang ◽  
Scott E. Kanoski
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sugar Consumption ◽  
Negative Effects

scholarly journals Early life adversity promotes resilience to opioid addiction-related phenotypes in male rats and sex-specific transcriptional changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. e2020173118
Author(s):  
Evelyn Ordoñes Sanchez ◽  
Charlotte C. Bavley ◽  
Andre U. Deutschmann ◽  
Rachel Carpenter ◽  
Drew R. Peterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Progressive Ratio ◽  
Molecular Signature ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Stress Inoculation ◽  
Early Life Adversity ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Male Specific

Experiencing some early life adversity can have an “inoculating” effect that promotes resilience in adulthood. However, the mechanisms underlying stress inoculation are unknown, and animal models are lacking. Here we used the limited bedding and nesting (LBN) model of adversity to evaluate stress inoculation of addiction-related phenotypes. In LBN, pups from postnatal days 2 to 9 and their dams were exposed to a low-resource environment. In adulthood, they were tested for addiction-like phenotypes and compared to rats raised in standard housing conditions. High levels of impulsivity are associated with substance abuse, but in males, LBN reduced impulsive choice compared to controls. LBN males also self-administered less morphine and had a lower breakpoint on a progressive ratio reinforcement schedule than controls. These effects of LBN on addiction-related behaviors were not found in females. Because the nucleus accumbens (NAc) mediates these behaviors, we tested whether LBN altered NAc physiology in drug-naïve and morphine-exposed rats. LBN reduced the frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in males, but a similar effect was not observed in females. Only in males did LBN prevent a morphine-induced increase in the AMPA/NMDA ratio. RNA sequencing was performed to delineate the molecular signature in the NAc associated with LBN-derived phenotypes. LBN produced sex-specific changes in transcription, including in genes related to glutamate transmission. Collectively, these studies reveal that LBN causes a male-specific stress inoculation effect against addiction-related phenotypes. Identifying factors that promote resilience to addiction may reveal novel treatment options for patients.

scholarly journals Neuronal dysfunctions and cognitive deficits in a multi-hit rat model following cumulative effects of early life stressors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiyasha Sarkar ◽  
Nisha Patro ◽  
Ishan Kumar Patro
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Life Stressors ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis

AbstractPerinatal protein malnourishment is a leading cause for mental and physical retardation in children with poor socioeconomic conditions. Such malnourished children are vulnerable to additional stressors, that may synergistically act to cause neurological disorders at adulthood. In this study, the above mentioned condition is mimicked via a multi-hit rat model in which pups born to protein malnourished mothers (LP) were co-injected with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C; viral mimetic) at Postnatal day (PND) 3 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; bacterial mimetic) at PND 9. Individual exposure of Poly I:C and LPS was also given to LP pups to correlate chronicity of stress. Similar treatments were also given to control pups. Hippocampal cellular apoptosis, β III tubulin catastrophe, altered neuronal profiling and spatial memory impairments were assessed at PND 180, using specific immunohistochemical markers (active caspase 3, β III tubulin, doublecortin), Golgi studies and cognitive mazes (Morris Water Maze and T maze). Increase in cellular apoptosis, loss of dendritic arborization and spatial memory impairments were higher in multi-hit group, than the single-hit groups. Such impairments observed due to multi-hit stress, mimic conditions similar to many neurological disorders and hence it is hypothesized that later life neurological disorders might be an outcome of multiple early life hits.Summary StatementThis study is first of its kind which practically studies the combined effects of major early life stressors like protein malnourishment, viral and bacterial infections on the nervous system.

scholarly journals Deleterious Effects of Ethanol, Δ(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and Their Combination on the Spatial Memory and Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescent and Adult Male Rats in the Barnes Maze Task

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Ewa Gibula-Tarlowska ◽  
Karolina Wydra ◽  
Jolanta H. Kotlinska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Cognitive Flexibility ◽  
Drugs Of Abuse ◽  
Memory Function ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Spatial Learning And Memory ◽  
Barnes Maze ◽  
Maze Task ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Ethanol Abuse

Research demonstrates that adolescents differ from adults in their response to drugs of abuse. The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of ethanol, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol hydrochloride (THC), and a combination of these drugs given during adolescence on spatial memory in adolescent and adult rats. Thus, adolescent rats (postnatal day (PND) 30) were subjected to the following groups: 0.9% NaCl; 1.5 g/kg ethanol; 1.0 mg/kg THC; 1.5 g/kg ethanol + 1.0 mg/kg THC. Rats received drug injection four times at three-day intervals. One day after the last injection, half of the treated animals were tested in the Barnes maze task, whereas the remaining animals were tested on PND 70. Results show that there was a significant age effect on spatial memory in the Barnes maze task after these drug administrations. Adolescent animals demonstrated more potent deficits in the spatial learning and memory (probe trial) and in cognitive flexibility (reversal learning) than did adults. However, in adult rats that received these drugs in adolescence, memory decline was observed only after ethanol and ethanol + THC administration. Thus, our results are important in understanding the deleterious impact of THC and/or ethanol abuse during adolescence on memory function across the lifespan (adolescent versus adult).

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