scholarly journals Fast convolution-based performance estimation method for diffraction-limited source with imperfect X-ray optics

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1539-1552
Author(s):  
Lingfei Hu ◽  
John P. Sutter ◽  
Hongchang Wang

Although optical element error analysis is always an important part of beamline design for highly coherent synchrotron radiation or free-electron laser sources, the usual wave optics simulation can be very time-consuming, which limits its application at the early stage of the beamline design. In this work, a new theoretical approach has been proposed for quick evaluations of the optical performance degradation due to optical element error. In this way, time-consuming detailed simulations can be applied only when truly necessary. This approach treats the imperfections as perturbations that convolve with the ideal performance. For simplicity, but not by necessity, the Gaussian Schell-model has been used to show the application of this theoretical approach. The influences of the finite aperture size and height error of a focusing mirror are analysed using the proposed theory. The physical explanation of the performance degradation acquired from the presented approach helps to give a better definition of the critical range of error spatial frequencies that most affect the performance of a mirror. An example comparing two mirror surface errors with identical power spectral density functions is given. These two types of mirror surface errors result in very different intensity profiles. The approach presented in this work could help beamline designers specify the error tolerances on general optical elements more accurately.

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 4122
Author(s):  
Young-Jun Park ◽  
Chang-Yong Yi

Construction quality is one of the primary management objectives relating to duration and cost for construction projects. Project managers struggle with minimizing duration and cost while maximizing quality for construction projects. In construction projects, duration and cost have management priorities. On the other hand, quality is considered a matter of achievement only when it reaches a certain level. Although the importance of quality control in construction management has been constantly discussed, it has still been sacrificed under the goal of shortening construction duration and reducing costs. This study presents a method for estimating the quantitative quality performance of construction operations in which the level of detail is breaking into the work task level for intuitive quality performance evaluation. For this purpose, quality weights of resources that have a proportional quality importance weight and quality performance indexes of resources are utilized for estimating the quantitative quality performance of construction operations. Quality performance estimation and the resource allocation optimization system is presented and validated using a construction simulation model.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2(10)) ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Ірина Ігорівна Смачило ◽  
Тетяна Володарівна Смачило

Author(s):  
Rachna Singh ◽  
Arvind Rajawat

FPGAs have been used as a target platform because they have increasingly interesting in system design and due to the rapid technological progress ever larger devices are commercially affordable. These trends make FPGAs an alternative in application areas where extensive data processing plays an important role. Consequently, the desire emerges for early performance estimation in order to quantify the FPGA approach. A mathematical model has been presented that estimates the maximum number of LUTs consumed by the hardware synthesized for different FPGAs using LLVM.. The motivation behind this research work is to design an area modeling approach for FPGA based implementation at an early stage of design. The equation based area estimation model permits immediate and accurate estimation of resources. Two important criteria used to judge the quality of the results were estimation accuracy and runtime. Experimental results show that estimation error is in the range of 1.33% to 7.26% for Spartan 3E, 1.6% to 5.63% for Virtex-2pro and 2.3% to 6.02% for Virtex-5.


Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Arafat Habib ◽  
Akhand Rai ◽  
Jong-Myon Kim

Acoustic emission (AE) has been used extensively for structural health monitoring based on the stress waves generated due to evolution of cracks in concrete structures. A major concern while using AE features is that each of them responds differently to the fractures in concrete structures. To tackle this problem, Mahalanobis—Taguchi system (MTS) is utilized, which fuses the AE feature space to provide comprehensive and reliable degradation indicator with a feature selection method to determine useful features. Further, majority of the existing investigations gave little attention to naturally occurring cracks, which are actually more difficult to detect. In this study, a novel degradation indicator (DI) based on AE features and MTS is proposed to indicate the performance degradation in reinforced concrete beams. The experimental results confirm that the MTS can successfully distinguish between healthy and faulty conditions. To alleviate the noise from the DI obtained through MTS, a noise-removal strategy based on Chebyshev inequality is suggested. The results show that the proposed DI based on AE features and MTS is capable of detecting early stage cracks as well as development of damage in concrete beams.


2013 ◽  
Vol 2013.23 (0) ◽  
pp. _2018-1_-_2018-10_
Author(s):  
Izumi NITTA ◽  
Sachio KOBAYASHI ◽  
Hiroki KOBAYASHI ◽  
Masayoshi HASHIMA ◽  
Yuichi SATO ◽  
...  

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