Exploring psychological contract contents in India: the employee and employer perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upasana Aggarwal ◽  
Shivganesh Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
Employer Perspective ◽  
Asian Economy ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Job Content ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to examine psychological contract contents, as perceived by two parties of the employment relationship, the employee and the employer.Design/methodology/approachThe study is conducted in two phases. Study 1 employs critical incidence technique (CIT) to elicit from individuals their perceptions regarding organization obligations. Study 2 is designed to corroborate the findings of the first study through a survey of 401 employees and 66 employer representatives (functional heads).FindingsThe results of the two studies are consonant with existing literature; nevertheless the role of culture on psychological contract contents is visible. The study reveals variation in employee and employer perspective regarding organizational obligations.Practical implicationsIn India, recruiters need to go far beyond the discussions on compensation and focus on building relational aspects of job such as the job content avenues for career growth as well as creating a supportive work culture.Originality/valueThe study contributes to existing literature by examining content of psychological contract, a relatively neglected area of research in a fast growing Asian economy, India.

scholarly journals Nonlinear associations between breached obligations and employee well-being

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen de De Jong ◽  
Michael Clinton ◽  
Thomas Rigotti ◽  
Claudia Bernhard-Oettel
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Nonlinear Associations ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the nonlinear association between proportions of breached obligations within the psychological contract (PC) and three dimensions of employee well-being, and the mediating role of contract violation in these relationships. With this study the authors gain a more detailed understanding of PC evaluations and their consequences for well-being. Design/methodology/approach – The authors build on asymmetry effects theory and affective events theory to propose that breached obligations outweigh fulfilled obligations in their association with well-being. The hypotheses are tested using a sample of 4,953 employees from six European countries and Israel. Findings – The results provide support for the hypotheses, as the effect sizes of the indirect relationships for breached obligations on well-being via violation are initially strong compared to fulfilled obligations, but decrease incrementally as the proportion of breached obligations become greater. At a certain point the effect sizes become nonsignificant. Research limitations/implications – The study shows that PC theory and research needs to better acknowledge the potential for asymmetrical effects of breach relative to fulfillment, such that the breach of obligations can sometimes have a stronger effect on employee well-being than the fulfillment of obligations. Practical implications – Those responsible for managing PCs in organizations should be aware of the asymmetrical effects of breach relative to fulfillment, as trusting on the acceptance or tolerance of employees in dealing with breached obligations may quickly result in lower well-being. Originality/value – The findings have implications for the understanding of PC breach and its associations with employee well-being.

Matching expectations for successful university student volunteering

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Paull ◽  
Maryam Omari ◽  
Judith MacCallum ◽  
Susan Young ◽  
Gabrielle Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
University Student ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Expectation Formation ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Student Volunteers ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of expectation formation and matching for university student volunteers and their hosts. Design/methodology/approach This research involved a multi-stage data collection process including interviews with student volunteers, and university and host representatives from six Australian universities. The project team undertook an iterative process of coding and interpretation to identify themes and develop understanding of the phenomenon. Findings University student volunteering has the potential to fail to meet the expectations of at least one of the parties to the relationship when the expectations of the parties are not clearly articulated. Universities operating volunteer programmes have an important role in facilitating expectation formation and matching, minimising the chances of mismatched expectations. Research limitations/implications The study confirms the operation of a psychological contract for university student volunteers and organisations who host them which is consistent with other research in volunteering demonstrating the importance of matching expectations. Practical implications The paper identifies the importance of expectation formation and matching for hosts and students, and highlights the role of universities in facilitating matchmaking. Originality/value This paper contributes to the growing body of research on the role of the psychological contract in volunteering, in particular in university student volunteering and host organisations.

Psychological contracts for key employees

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-43
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Psychological Contracts ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Employer Perspective ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings It is often stated that any organization’s most valuable asset is its workforce. Effective management of human capital is therefore crucial if the firm is to prosper. To this end, managers have an important part to play. A key feature of their role is to help entice, develop and retain talent. They additionally act as the company’s agent in establishing the psychological contract (PC) that is sometimes created between the employer and an individual worker. Psychological contracts reflect certain obligations the company makes to an employee. Managers act to facilitate these agreements that often involve both explicit and implicit pledges. Their profound understanding of the employer perspective makes them ideal for this function. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Exploring millennial psychological contract expectations across talent segments

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Joshi Pant ◽  
Vijaya Venkateswaran
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Millennial Generation ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Process Management ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Career Growth ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify talent segments within the millennial generation based on performance and intention to stay and differentiate them in terms of their expectations. Based on results, the paper proposes a customized approach to talent management. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a mixed methodology, including 11 exploratory focus group discussions, followed by a survey involving 1,065 employees from nine information technology and business process management companies. Findings The paper creates a framework of talent segments (performing loyals, performing movers, developing loyals and developing movers) that have different values for the organization. Significant differences are observed in their PC expectations from the manager, PC expectations related to career growth and development and PC expectations related to job and work environment. Research limitations/implications Researchers faced constraints in obtaining actual performance data from the organizations; therefore, a self-perception report of performance was used. Practical implications Organizations’ talent-management strategy must acknowledge and understand the differences in PC expectations of talent segments and offer tailored TM programs for maximum impact. Social implications The paper challenges the old assumption of a uniform psychological contract (PC) that has guided the talent management strategy. Every talent segment has value and must be viewed on continuum rather than a binary construct of “Talent or no talent.” Originality/value This is one of the few studies which explores how the perception of PC expectations differs between talent segments. It contributes to literature on talent segments, PC and the millennial generation.

Poverty and earning compulsions for the family have pushed children out of schools

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 946-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arindam Banik ◽  
Debasis Neogi
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Outcomes ◽  
School Time ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that explain dropout of children from primary schools in Lohit district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. Design/methodology/approach – The field survey was carried out in two phases, one, during January to April of 2010 and two, between August and November of 2011. The entire research work is based on stratified random sampling. The population in Lohit district is a set of tribal and non-tribal (mostly general) people. The district has two major tribes – Mishmi and Khamti. Findings – The authors find that children dropout of school is affected by number of factors such as earning compulsions, household work, access to school, school time not suitable and parental unawareness. Research limitations/implications – It is imperative to mention here that “earning compulsion” can be described only as a derivative of the major problem of abject poverty. Practical implications – By highlighting the role of appropriate intervention as well as incapacitation, the authors believe that the findings presented above shed light on some important factors that explain dropouts. Social implications – The evidence provided in this paper underscores the importance of social interactions in analysing individual outcomes. Originality/value – The findings may have significant bearings in reducing dropout rates in India.

Mediating role of innovativeness between risk taking and performance in Indian universities

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Gupta ◽  
Anitha Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Creative Teaching ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose With increased globalization, Indian universities are struggling to attract and retain talented academics and are exploring the ways to enhance their service performance and brand image (BI). However, there is a paucity of studies that view universities through the corporate lens. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of innovativeness in the relationships of creativity, risk taking (RT), and performance in service delivery (PSD). Another objective is to find out how this nexus affects universities’ BI. Design/methodology/approach Responses were collected from 280 academics working for different Indian universities. Structural analysis was performed to examine the relationships under investigation. Findings The results indicate that innovativeness fully mediates the positive RT – PSD relationship and that PSD positively influences BI. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study mainly augment the theory of BI by empirically linking BI and its antecedents in the context of Indian universities. Practical implications For enhancing a university’s BI, management is encouraged to promote RT work culture along with innovative and creative teaching methods. Originality/value This study is one of the few studies in India that see academia through the corporate lens. Also, it provides evidence for the importance innovativeness in enhancing BI of a university.

A “Learning from Action” workshop in Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
Robert Douglas Hinshelwood ◽  
Luca Mingarelli ◽  
Simona Masnata
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Activities ◽  
Defensive Role ◽  
Feedback Data ◽  
Experiential Workshop ◽  
First Time ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Many people in severe mentally disturbed states do not use language or other symbolic media well or coherently. Therefore, the non-verbal medium needs to be understood by workers with such people. The “Learning from Action” experiential workshop was developed in order to provide an opportunity to learn about hidden messages in the relationships and roles occurring in activities. In August 2017, a workshop was run for the first time in Japan. The purpose of this paper is to report the experience and dynamics observed by the three consultants, who are here the authors of this paper. Design/methodology/approach After the workshop all the staff and members, including interpreters, were invited to give feedback. Findings Analysis of the feedback data showed certain important dynamics, concerning especially dependence, cultural defences and the defensive role of activity in a multicultural context. Research limitations/implications This is an initial experience to be followed up by later feedback and further workshops. Practical implications Workers awareness of non-verbal communication within the roles of work activities is a training possibility. It faces various resistances including the mental health assumptions of meaninglessness of any communication outside the verbal. Originality/value This is a method of training not widely used even in European countries, and is the first in a country in the far east.

scholarly journals Sinabung volcano: how culture shapes community resilience

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-303
Author(s):  
Marta Mori ◽  
Ronan McDermott ◽  
Saut Sagala ◽  
Yasmina Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Aid Dependency ◽  
Relief Operations ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Cultural Experts ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore how culture, including traditions and social structures, can influence resilience and how culturally sensitive relief operations can put affected people and their context at the core of any interventions. Design/methodology/approach A case study of the Mt Sinabung volcano area in Indonesia was undertaken. As part of the case study, an analysis of interventions was conducted, which was complemented by semi-structured interviews with Karo cultural experts and humanitarian organisations. Findings Culture influences the manner in which the Karo people react to volcano eruptions with varying implications for recovery. In addition, relief organisations which understand people’s actions through a cultural lens have better managed to tailor programs with long-term impact, thereby avoiding aid dependency. Practical implications Practical examples of disaster management activities that adequately account for the beneficiaries’ way of living prior to the eruptions are provided. Aid actors are provided with guidance concerning how to better tailor their activities in line with a cultural lens. Originality/value The study provides empirical grounding for claims concerning the role of culture in planning interventions in Indonesia and other similar contexts.

scholarly journals Coopetition in temporary contexts: examining swift trust and swift distrust in humanitarian operations

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1449-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Schiffling ◽  
Claire Hannibal ◽  
Yiyi Fan ◽  
Matthew Tickle
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Humanitarian Relief ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Trust Theory ◽  
Humanitarian Operations ◽  
Swift Trust ◽  
Limited Choice ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeBy drawing on commitment-trust theory, we examine the role of swift trust and distrust in supporting coopetition under conditions of uncertainty and interdependence in the setting of humanitarian disaster relief organisations.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents findings from case studies of 18 international humanitarian relief organisations based on 48 interviews and the analysis of publicly available documents.FindingsWe find that both swift trust and swift distrust support coopetition. As coopetition is simultaneous cooperation and competition, in this study we show how swift trust and swift distrust also occur simultaneously in coopetitive contexts.Research limitations/implicationsCoopetition as a strategic choice is well-researched in the private sector, yet has received less attention in the nonprofit sector, particularly in contexts that are shaped by interdependence and uncertainty. We show the importance of swift trust and swift distrust in coopetitive relationships by drawing on commitment-trust theory.Practical implicationsIn focusing on a competitive environment in which cooperation is essential, we find limited choice of coopetitive partners. Humanitarian relief organisations must often simply work with whichever other organisations are available. We highlight how trust and distrust are not opposite ends of a spectrum and detail how both contribute to coopetitive relationships.Originality/valueOur findings contribute to commitment-trust theory by explaining the important role of distrust in forging coopetitive relationships. Furthermore, we contribute to prior work on coopetition by focusing on an uncertain and interdependent nonprofit environment.

Effect of wood particulate size on the mechanical properties of PLA biocomposite

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-472
Author(s):  
S. Raj Sachin ◽  
T. Kandasamy Kannan ◽  
Rathanasamy Rajasekar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Wood Flour ◽  
Wood Particle ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Particulate Size ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this study is to carry out an investigation of the role of the wood particle size on the mechanical properties of poly lactic acid (PLA)-reinforced neem fiber biocomposite. Design/methodology/approach Composite test specimens were processed by reinforcing neem wood flour (NWF) in two different particle sizes, micro-sized NWF (MNWF) and nano-sized NWF (NNWF) separately into PLA. Composites were extruded at four different fiber loadings (10, 15, 20 and 25 Wt.%) into PLA matrix. The MNWF and NNWF had particle sizes varying from 5 to 15 µm and 10 to 15 nm, respectively. Findings Tensile strength, flexural strength and impact strength of PLA increased with fiber reinforcement for both the MNWF and NNWF cases. The NNWF-reinforced PLA composite at 20 Wt.% fiber loading proved to be the best composite that had outstanding mechanical properties in this research. Practical implications The developed composite can be used as a substitute for conventional plywood for furniture, building infrastructure and interior components for the automobile, aircraft and railway sectors. Originality/value A new biocomposite had been fabricated by using PLA and NWF and had been tested for its mechanical characteristics.

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