Combating corruption in six Asian countries: a comparative analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S.T. Quah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the experiences of the six Asian countries covered in this special issue and explain their different levels of effectiveness in combating corruption. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyses the policy contexts in these countries, their perceived extent and causes of corruption, and evaluates the effectiveness of their anti-corruption agencies (ACAs). Findings – Brunei Darussalam is less corrupt because it is the smallest, least populated and richest country, without being embroiled in conflict compared to the other five larger countries, which are more populous but poorer and adversely affected by conflict. The Sultan’s political will in combating corruption is reflected in the better staffed and funded Anti-Corruption Bureau, which has prosecuted and convicted more corrupt offenders. By contrast, the lack of political will of the governments in the other five countries is manifested in their ineffective ACAs, which are not independent, lack capacity and resources, and are used against political opponents. Originality/value – This paper will be useful for those scholars, policy-makers and anti-corruption practitioners interested in how effective these six Asian countries are in combating corruption and the reasons for their different levels of effectiveness.

scholarly journals Corruption scandals in six Asian countries: a comparative analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Jon S.T. Quah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cover Up

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare and evaluate how the governments in six Asian countries have dealt with selected grand corruption scandals.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the comparative analysis of 11 corruption scandals examined in the six articles on India, Japan, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines and Singapore included in this special issue of Public Administration and Policy.FindingsThe responses of the governments in the six countries depend on the strength of their political will in combating corruption. The responses of the governments in Malaysia, Philippines, India and Japan reflect their weak political will in combating corruption and lack of accountability of the corrupt offenders. By contrast, the strong political will of the governments in Singapore and Macau is reflected in the investigation and punishment of the corrupt offenders without any cover-up of the scandals.Originality/valueThe findings would be of interest to scholars, policymakers and anti-corruption practitioners and activists.

scholarly journals Teaching innovations in Asian higher education: perspectives of educators

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
The Many

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the teaching innovations that have been implemented in higher education institutions in Asia and the perspectives of educators on them. Design/methodology/approach Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 educators who were affiliated with 23 higher education institutions in ten Asian countries/regions. The interviews covered information about the teaching innovations of the participants’ institutions, the characteristics of the innovative practices and the participants’ views on them. The relationships between the characteristics of institutions and their teaching innovations were also examined. Findings The results showed that the teaching innovations included two main categories, namely, those which involved the use of advanced technologies and those which did not. The innovations that involved the use of advanced technologies were mainly from larger institutions, while the other category was mainly from smaller ones and had been practised for less than 1.5 years. Differences were also identified between the two categories in terms of the aims and importance of innovations, innovative features, the evaluation of innovations and improvements needed for them. Originality/value The results highlighted that technology is only one of the many aspects of teaching innovations, which is different from the view prevailing in the literature. They also suggested that differences in the scale of institutions (in terms of number of students) possibly influences the kind of teaching innovations adopted.

scholarly journals Following Snowden: an international survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-343
Author(s):  
Andrew A. Adams ◽  
Kiyoshi Murata ◽  
Ana María Lara Palma
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Free Text ◽  
International Survey ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type

Purpose This paper aims to present the baseline English survey used in the other papers in this special issue. Design/methodology/approach The survey includes yes/no, Likert scale and free text responses, which were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Findings Respondents to the survey expressed divergent views of whether they would emulate Snowden, even though most in all countries believed he had helped rather than harmed society. Originality/value This is the only such broad survey on attitudes to Snowden of which the authors are aware.

Forfeiture of criminal proceeds under anti-money laundering laws

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha Aurasu ◽  
Aspalella Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Standard Of Proof ◽  
Terrorism Financing ◽  
Efficient Regime ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Purpose Money laundering has been a focal problem worldwide. Governments constantly come up with initiatives to fight against this offence. To clean proceeds of corruption, the laundering of money is utilised, as it transforms “dirty” money into “clean” ones. A comparative analysis between Malaysia’s Anti-Terrorism Financing and Proceeds of Unlawful Activities Act (AMLATFPUAA) and United Kingdom’s Proceeds of Crime Act (POCA) is performed on the basis of the similarities and differences of both legislations, in terms of forfeiture provisions. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the current forfeiture regime in both jurisdictions is effective in fighting against money laundering. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a doctrinal research where reliance will mainly be on relevant case laws and legislations. AMLATFPUAA and POCA are key legislations which will be utilised for the purpose of analysis. Findings Strengths and weaknesses of both AMLATFPUAA and POCA are identified through a comparative analysis where findings show that POCA is more comprehensive than AMLATFPUAA in terms of offences covered by it and standard of proof. With that, the anti-money laundering (AML) laws can further be improvised by being a better and efficient regime where Malaysia and United Kingdom will be able to discharge their duties effectively on forfeiting benefits from criminals. Originality/value This paper offers some guiding principles for academics, banks, their legal advisers, practitioners and policy makers, not only in Malaysia but also elsewhere.

Logistics principles vs. legal principles: frictions and challenges

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 744-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Norrman ◽  
Oskar Henkow
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Supply Chain Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Functional Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Principles ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – Logisticians propose changes to improve supply chains, and legal practitioners do likewise, but from a different perspective. Proposals from one domain increasingly have an impact on the other due to e.g. globalization – but cross-disciplinary knowledge often seems limited. The purpose of this paper is to facilitate interaction between the domains by increasing the level of joint understanding of the principles used in each domain, and to look at the potential frictions and challenges. Design/methodology/approach – Management principles for efficient logistics and supply chain management as well as key principles governing the legal systems are summarized on both a paradigmatic and an action level. Illustrations from practice are presented. These have been obtained by a cross-functional team which has interviewed both logisticians and lawyers. Findings are based on cross-functional comparative analysis of principles and illustrations. Findings – Frictions between operational principles were found to exist in each domain, with some principles harder to reconcile than others. There are also challenges between the two paradigms of logistics and law that influence the operational principles. Research limitations/implications – One implication is that the knowledge gap, challenges and frictions between the professions and domains, both in practice and academia, would benefit from more research. Practical implications – Although it may seem trivial, logisticians and lawyers need to cooperate better. The research shows on a fundamental level, with practical examples, the challenges and frictions that occur. Originality/value – The cross-functional approach with law, and the discussion and comparison of principles.

Libraries and technology: Canadian and Malaysian copyright exceptions

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (8/9) ◽  
pp. 415-425
Author(s):  
Ratnaria Wahid
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extra Effort ◽  
Library Community

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a snapshot and a comparative analysis of copyright exceptions available for libraries. It frames the differences and similarities, leading to discussion as to what extent copyright exceptions help libraries cater the changing technology. Design/methodology/approach This paper introduces the role of copyright exceptions in balancing owners and users interests. It explains evolving libraries activities due to technological development and how copyright exceptions significantly applies. Several factors in Canadian and Malaysian statutes are compared, namely, the rights granted, purposes allowed, beneficiaries affected, works involved, and conditions attached. This signifies to what extent the library exceptions cater to the changing needs and circumstances. It emphasizes the importance of awareness and understanding in order for libraries to serve its role effectively. Findings Both countries consider the use of new technologies in its library exceptions. Malaysian statute adopts a general approach which can either be flexibly or rigidly interpreted. Comparatively, Canada adopts a more specific and detail approach that might restrict beneficial activities. This paper calls for extra effort for policy makers to allow more control of digital works that may serve libraries activities. Originality/value There has not been any comparative study in the library literature on copyright exceptions for libraries in Malaysia and Canada. This study aims to provoke such discussion and how each country may learn from each others practices. It should be useful to the whole library community, particularly to both countries.

Combating police corruption in five Asian countries: a comparative analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-216
Author(s):  
Jon S.T. Quah
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Police Corruption ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
Contextual Differences

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the contextual differences and causes of police corruption in Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, South Korea and Taiwan and to assess their governments’ effectiveness in minimising this problem. Design/methodology/approach The paper begins by identifying the contextual differences in the five countries before analysing their major causes of police corruption and their governments’ effectiveness in minimising it. Findings Police corruption is a more serious problem in Indonesia and the Philippines because of their more difficult governance environments, low salaries of police officers, red tape, lack of meritocracy in recruitment and promotion, and lack of accountability of police officers. By contrast, the perceived extent of police corruption has declined in Japan, South Korea and Taiwan in recent years because of the improvement in the salaries of their police officers and the implementation of various police reforms. Originality/value This comparative analysis of combating police corruption in five Asian countries will be of interest to policy makers and scholars concerned with minimising this problem.

Evaluating the effectiveness of anti-corruption agencies in five Asian countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon S. T. Quah
Keyword(s):  
The Philippines ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Percentile Rank ◽  
Central Commission ◽  
Corrupt Party

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is threefold: first, to ascertain the levels of effectiveness of the anti-corruption agencies (ACAs) in China, Japan, Philippines, Singapore and Taiwan; second, to explain why some of these ACAs are more effective than others; and third, to suggest some policy recommendations for addressing their limitations. Design/methodology/approach – This paper relies on three well-known international indicators to assess the perceived extent of corruption in the five countries. Similarly, their quality of governance is assessed by their total percentile rank on the World Bank’s six governance indicators in 2013. Findings – Singapore’s Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau is effective because of its government’s political will and favorable policy context. The Philippines and Taiwan rely on ineffective multiple ACAs, which are inadequately staffed and funded, and compete with each other for limited resources. China’s Central Commission for Discipline Inspection is ineffective because corrupt party members are disciplined and not prosecuted, and the political leaders use corruption as a weapon against their opponents. Japan’s weak political will is reflected in its reluctance to address its structural corruption. This paper concludes with policy recommendations for enhancing the effectiveness of the ACAs in the five countries. Originality/value – The comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the ACAs in the five Asian countries and the policy recommendations for addressing their limitations will be of interest to policy makers, scholars and anti-corruption practitioners.

Greater Bay Area: a market-driven plan to enhance quality of life and development

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295
Author(s):  
Lok Sang Ho
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Agglomeration Economies ◽  
Market Forces ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
The City ◽  
Different Levels

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explain the nature of the Greater Bay Area Plan and to refute various myths about the initiative. The economic vigor of the Greater Bay Area is based on agglomeration economies from the city cluster and on the access to important ports. The Plan aims at motivating policy makers at different levels to work together to create new possibilities.Design/methodology/approachThis is based on policy analysis informed by economic theory and evidence.FindingsThe Greater Bay Area Plan enhances the freedoms enjoyed by people living in any of the 11 cities in the area. Its design and the roles assigned to the different cities in the Outline Plan shows that it does not go against market forces but instead works with them. The impediments caused by the three custom areas, three currencies and different legal systems make it imperative for policy makers in the different cities and other levels of government to work together to remove or at least alleviate the impediments.Originality/valueIt dispels the myths that have prevailed since the Outline Plan was released in February 2019 and identifies how it can increase freedoms and manifest the potential of the Greater Bay Area.

A review of entrepreneurship education research in the special issues of Education + Training journal

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1078-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaib Aamir ◽  
Nuray Fatma Atsan ◽  
Ayfer Ferda Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Education Training ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the course of entrepreneurship education (EE) research within the framework of entrepreneurship. The study is based on the results of previous research published in the annual double special issues of Education + Training (E+T) journal. In this context, it examines the role of EE at different levels of education; EE interactions and approaches; the effects of the variety of variables on EE; and the grouping of these variables into clusters. Design/methodology/approach The study uses literature review to categorize 59 papers into clusters based on the associations of different variables to EE which have been extracted from the annual double special issues of E+T journal. These special issues were published during the period of 2011–2018. All the reviewed papers were empirical in nature. Findings The study has identified 47 variables from 59 empirical papers, which have been grouped into 6 clusters around EE. Based on different levels of studies such as primary, secondary and tertiary levels, the examined papers discuss a variety of variables with reference to their positive, negative, significant or non-significant relationships to EE. Originality/value The paper demonstrates the progress of the knowledge produced with regard to EE research in recent years. It is among the very few studies to focus on the discrete collection of special issue papers.

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